Assignment Coversheet
MEE20001 Thermodynamics 1
UNIT DETAILS
Office use only
Unit name Thermodynamics 1 Class day/time Wednesday
Unit code MEE20001 Assignment no. 01 Due date 29 April
Name of lecturer/teacher Dr.Durul Huda
Tutor/marker’s name Faculty or school date stamp
STUDENT(S)
Family Name(s) Given Name(s) Student ID Number(s)
(1) Christian Nethmina Warnakulasuriya Tissera 104473635
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
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Q.1
A Carnot heat engine operates between two temperatures T1 (1100 K) and T2 (300 K) to generate as
much power as required to drive a machine with output 35 kW plus to drive a heat pump working
between two temperature limits T3 (300 K) and T4 (270 K). The heat pump takes up 20 kW of heat
from the low temperature reservoir.
Determine the
a. Shaft work output of the heat engine
b. Heat intake by the heat engine
c. Heat delivered to the heat pump.
Solution
T1 = 1100 K (35 KW)
T2 = 300 K (20 KW low temperature reservoir)
T3 = 300 K
T4 = 270 K
T1 = 1100 K 𝑇2 𝑊1
𝜂 =1− = 1
𝑇1 𝑄1
Q1 𝑊1 300
= 1− 2
𝑄1 1100
H.E W1
= 0.7272
Q2
T2 = 300 K
a) Now let us consider the heat pump
T3 = 300 K
Hence heat pump taken Q3 heat from reservoir at
T4 and given back Q3 to the one at T3
Q3
Now ;
W1 H.P
Q4 = 20 KW (Given)
Q4
T4 = 270 K
1
Then
𝑄3 𝑇3
=
𝑄4 𝑇4
Q = 300 ×20 = 22.23 𝐾𝑊
3 270
W1 = Q3 - Q4
= 22.23 - 20
= 2.23 KW
Again
W1 = 35 KW + W1
= 37.23 KW
b) 𝑊1 37.23
= 0.7273 𝑄= = 51.189 𝐾𝑊 (𝐹𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 2)
𝑄1 0.7273
c) Heat delivered to the heat pump = Q
3
= 22.23 KW
2
Q.2
Nitrogen at 120 kPa and 300C in a rigid vessel is heated until its pressure is 350 kPa. Calculate the
work done and the heat transferred during this process, in kJ/kg.
Solution
The work done = w = ∫ 𝑃 𝑑𝑣
But in the problem its stated that the vessel is rigid meaning there is no volume change so work
done is 0.
Now given T1 = 303 K
Taking approximation of nitrogen as ideal gas:
𝑃𝑉 𝑚𝑅𝑇1
1
=
𝑃𝑉
2
𝑚𝑅𝑇2
𝑃1 𝑇1
=
𝑃2 𝑇2
303 ×350
𝑇2 = 120
= 883.75 𝐾
Now heat transfer during this process = Q = ∆𝑈
= Cv(T2 – T1)
= 0.743(883.75 – 303)
= 431.5 Kj/kg
3
Q.3
Helium steadily enters a pipe with a mass flow rate of 10 kg/s at 4250C and 120 kPa and leaves the
pipe at 250C. The pressure during the process is constant at 120 kPa. (a) Determine the heat transfer
for the process, (b) determine the volume flow rate of the helium at the pipe exit.
Solution
1 2
M = 10 kg/s
T1 = 698 K
T2 = 298 K
P1 = P2 = 120 KPa
a) Constant process;
PV = mRT
10 ×8.321 ×698
120 V1 =
4
V1 = 121 m3
P = cont
𝑉1 𝑇1
=
𝑉2 𝑇2
121 698
=
𝑉2 298
121 ×298
𝑉2 =
698
= 51.66 m3
∆𝑊 = 𝑃(𝑉2 − 𝑉)
1
𝑅
= 120(51.66 – 121)
Cv =
𝑟−1
= -8320.8 kj 8.321
=
4(1.66 − 1)
∆𝑈 = 𝑚𝐶v∆𝑇
= 3.15
= 10 × 3.15(298 − 698)
= −12600 𝑘𝑗
∆𝑄 = ∆𝑊 + ∆𝑈
= - 8320.8 kj + - 12600 kj
= - 20920.8 kj
b) V2 = 51.66 m3
4
Q.4
Determine the specific volume of superheated water vapor at 4.5 MPa and 450C based on
(a) the ideal-gas equation, (b) the geralised compressibility chart, and (c) the steam tables.
Solution
a) Assuming, the superheated water behaves as an ideal gas at specified conditions.
For water, gas constant R = 0.4615 kJ/kg K
From the ideal gas equation, specific volume is given by;
𝑅𝑇
𝑉=
𝑃
0.4615 ×723
=
4.5 ×1000
3
= 0.07414 𝑚/𝑘𝑗
b) Geralised compressibility chart;
Critical pressure = Pcr = 22.06 MPa
Critical Temperature = Tcr = 641.7 K
𝑃
Reduced pressure = Pr =
𝑃cr
4.5
= 22.06
= 0.2039
𝑇
Reduced temperature = Tr =
𝑇cr
723
= 641.7
= 1.12669
Z = 0.96
0.96 ×8.314 ×723 ×1
V=
18 ×4500
= 0.07124 m3/kj
c) From the steam table for 450℃ and 4.5 MPa
V = 0.07076 m3/kj
