Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region X – Northern Mindanao
Division of Tangub City
Polao Integrated School
Barangay VI, Tangub City
Oral Communication in Context (WEEK 1)
Name: Grade level:
Address: Contact Number:
Topic: Nature and Elements of Communication
Lesson 1: Fundamentals to Communication
Learning Competencies:
Explain the functions, nature and process of communication
Communication
According to McCornack (2014), communication is a process of sharing and conveying messages or
information from one person to another within and across channel, contexts, media and culture. It is a dual or
two – way process of transmitting messages from one person to another. It is a symbolic interaction between
two or more people that influence each other’s behavior (Diaz, 2010). Merriam Webster define communication
as the process by which information exchanged between individuals through common system of symbols,
signs or behavior.
Nature of communication
Pre - check – up test:
Check the box if you think the statements below best describe the nature of communication based on
its definition.
Communication is a process.
Communication occurs between two or more people (the speaker and the receiver)
Communication can be expressed through spoken language or written words (verbal).
Communication can still occur through signals and actions (non – verbal).
Communication can be done through both verbal and non – verbal at the same time.
A. Communication is a process
Communication is a process because it has elements (e.g. sender, message and receiver) that make the
transmission of information possible, and it follows flow and pattern on how information is transmitted.
B. Communication occurs between two or more people.
Look at the illustration below.
C. Communication can be expressed through spoken language or written words, actions, signals or symbols or
both at the same time.
e.g. Spoken language written words actions/ signal/ symbol
Comprehension Check:
1. What is communication?
.
2. Why is communication a process?
.
3. How does communication take place in the following: (You use example to demonstrate your
understanding.)
a. Verbal (spoken language / written words)
.
b. Non – verbal (actions, signals, symbols)
.
Process of Communication
Study the sample flow of communication and take note of the elements of communication involves.
Process of Communication Example
Daphne loves Rico, her suitor, as a friend.(Gahuna – huna
The Speaker generates ideas.
unsaon pagsulti.)
The speaker encodes an idea or She thinks of how to tell him using their native language.
converts the idea into words or actions. (Nakadesisyon siya kong unsay isulti ug unsang pamaagi.)
The speaker transmits or sends out She tells him, “Rico, mahal kita bilang kaibigan.”(Iyang giistorya
message. ang naa sa iyang alimpatakan sa tagalog nga pulong.)
The receiver gets the message. Rico hears what Daphne says. (Nadungog sa laki ang mensahi.)
He tries to analyze what she means based on the content and
The receiver decodes or interprets the their relationship, and he is heartbroken.(Iyang gi analisa ug
message based on context. gisabot basi sa unod sa mensahi ug koneksiyon niini sa iya ug
sa sitwasyon ug kini iyang nasabtan.)
He frowns and does not say something because he is in pain.
The receiver sends or provides
(Siya mirespunde pinaagi sa pagkunot sa agtang ug wala
feedback.
motingog isip tubag sa mensahi nga iyang nadawat.)
On the first stage in the communication process, the speaker generates ideas. When the generated ideas
are converted into words or action, the speaker is now doing the second stage, encodingprocess. As the
speaker tells his idea to someone like the example above (She tells him, “Rico, mahal kita bilang kaibigan”, he
sends out or transmits the message. As the listener or receiver hear or catch the message, he will then
undergo the process of decoding. It is the stage wherein the receiver will try to understand the message
base on its content and connection. Once the message is successfully interpreted or decode, the receiver
will now give his response or feedback.
She wants to tell Rico
Daphne loves Rico in their native
as a friend . language
(generated)
He frowns and does not Daphne
say anything.
“Mahal kita bilang
isang kaibigan.”
Feedback/
Message
Response
He tries to interpret and
understand the The message travel
message based on its through the
context and Medium/ atmosphere by telling
Rico
Channel
relationship. Rico.
Rico hears the
message.
Activity 1: Show your understanding about the flow of communication process by filling in the diagram with a
sample casual flow of a message.
Elements and models of Communication
Hello! Welcome to Oral Communication in Context once again. By the way I am Chara Mae D. Castro,
who will be guiding in the next lesson.
In the previous discussion, you learned about the definition of communication, nature and how
communication process took place.
Today, we will be learning about the elements of communication and the different models of
communication – Shannon – Weaver Model, Transaction Model and Schramm Model.
At the end of the discussion, you are expected to differentiate various model in communication and
distinguish its unique features. (EN11/120C – Ia-3 merge with EN11/120C – Ia – 4) of these models.
Elements of Communication
In order for communication to happen, there are elements that you need to know and understand their
role during the communication process flow.
These elements are the following:
1. Speaker – the source of information or message
2. Message – the information, ideas, or thoughts conveyed by the speaker in words, or in actions
3. Encoding – the process of converting the message into words, actions, or other forms that the speaker
understands
4. Channel – the medium or the means, such as personal or non-personal, verbal or non-verbal, in which
the encoded massage is conveyed
5. Decoding – the process of interpreting the encoded message of the speaker by the receiver
6. Receiver – the recipient of the message, or someone who decodes the message
7. Feedback – the reactions, responses, or information provided by the receiver
8. Context – the environment where communication take place
9. Barrier/ Noise– the factors that affect the flow of the communication
Check – up test:
Identify the elements of communication being described.
____________1. The source of the message
____________2. An example of this element is the telephone or the airwaves
____________3. Cultural background and knowledge you bring to the communication situation
____________4. Anything that serves as barrier to the successful relaying of a message
____________5. The setting in which communication takes place
____________6. What the receiver of the message sends back
