■ Maths Formula & Tricks Booklet (Class 6–10)
1. Arithmetic
• Average = (Sum of observations) ÷ (Number of observations)
• Speed = Distance ÷ Time, Time = Distance ÷ Speed
• Simple Interest = (P × R × T) ÷ 100
• Compound Interest = P(1 + R/100)^T – P
• Percentage = (Value ÷ Total) × 100
• Profit = SP – CP, Loss = CP – SP
2. Algebra
• (a + b)² = a² + 2ab + b²
• (a – b)² = a² – 2ab + b²
• (a + b)(a – b) = a² – b²
• (x + a)(x + b) = x² + (a + b)x + ab
3. Geometry
• Area of triangle = ½ × base × height
• Area of circle = πr², Circumference = 2πr
• Area of rectangle = l × b, Area of square = a²
• Pythagoras theorem: a² + b² = c² (right triangle)
4. Mensuration (3D)
• Volume of cube = a³, Surface area = 6a²
• Volume of cuboid = l × b × h, SA = 2(lb + bh + hl)
• Volume of sphere = 4/3 πr³, SA = 4πr²
• Volume of cylinder = πr²h, Curved SA = 2πrh
• Volume of cone = 1/3 πr²h, Curved SA = πrl
5. Trigonometry
• sin θ = Perpendicular / Hypotenuse
• cos θ = Base / Hypotenuse
• tan θ = Perpendicular / Base
• sin²θ + cos²θ = 1
• 1 + tan²θ = sec²θ
• 1 + cot²θ = cosec²θ
6. Statistics & Probability
• Mean = (Sum of observations) ÷ (Number of observations)
• Median = Middle value when data is arranged
• Mode = Most frequent value
• Probability = (Favourable outcomes) ÷ (Total outcomes)
7. Short Tricks
• Multiplying by 5: n × 5 = (n × 10) ÷ 2
• Divisibility: ÷3 if sum of digits divisible by 3
• Divisibility: ÷11 if (sum of odd place digits – even place digits) divisible by 11
• Square of numbers ending in 5: (n5)² = n(n+1) and add 25 at end (e.g., 35² = 1225)
