Course: Integrated of Indigenous People and History Of

Bangsamoro
GROUP 2: (EDUC & AGGIE)

The Struggle for Autonomy and Peace in the Bangsamoro

The quest for self-determination among the Moro people has been a long and complex struggle,
marked by armed resistance, peace agreements, and political negotiations. This struggle has
involved several key organizations, with the ultimate goal of establishing an autonomous
government that respects their unique identity and addresses historical injustices.

BM History
Why seems to be unending BM struggles?

-Moros were previously a separate nation

-An independent state

-Better in socio-economic and politic status than today

-Once upon a times, there was no Philippines

-Only Mindanao exist

-One Nation, one people

-Under the self ruled government " The sultanate system"

Peace and united some Bangsamoro tribes (1900s)

-Maranao

-Iranun

-Maguindanaon

-Tausug
Some Bangsamoro leaders in the BM history
Rajah Lapu-Lapu (1521)

Rajah Sulaiman (1570)

Sultan Kudarat ( 1619)

Sultan Pulalun Ar Rajah muda (1838)

Sultan Moh. Anwaruddin Utto (1860)

Sultan Jamal Ul- Azam (1886)

Sultan Haron Ar-Rashid (1899)

Datu Udtog Matalam (1950s)

Sheikh Salamat ( late 1950s)

Prof. Nur misuari (1960s)

The Big Bang

Conflict/war

One of the longest conflict in the world. 493 long years (from 1521 to date)

Moro revolutionary/liberation Organizations and common grounds

of struggle.
Mindanao Independence Movement (MIM)

(1968-1971)

Datu Udtog Matalam

Moro National Liberation Front ( MNLF)

(1973-1996)

Prof. Nurallaji "Nur" Misuari

Moro Islamic Liberation Front ( MILF)

1984 to Date

Ustadz Ash-Shaheed Dr. Salamat Hashim

More injustice
-Jabida, Manili, kulongkulong, kausuagan Massacres and more unaccounted massacres.

-Martial Dictatorship (1972) Martial Law/ military rules

-Toothpick recruitment of highlanders of maguindanao against the muslims

- Mutilating the dead, raped of muslim women and killings including children and aged.

AFP-ILAGA COMMITTED MASSACRES AGAINST THE

BANGSAMORO

March 17-18, 1968 - Jabidah Massacre in Corregidor, Bataan, about 70 Muslim trainees were
killed

Sept. 14, 1970 - Upi, Mag. Feliciano Luces-Comdr. Toothpick massacred 60 Muslim civilian,
men, women, children and olds

June 13, 1971 - Manili Massacre, N. Cot. 60 Muslim civilians were slaughtered

Aug. 7,8,9, 1971 - Buldon, Mag. AFP using air strike killed more than 60 Muslim civilian’s men,
women, young and old

Aug. 6-9, 1971 - Wao, Lanao del Sur, AFP and ILAGA massacred 30 Muslim civilians
Aug. 26, 1971 - Lutayan, Sultan Kudarat, 16 Moro civilians massacred by AFP and ILAGA

Sept. 11, 1971 - Bual, Tulunan, 17 Moro civilians killed by AFP-ILAGA

AFP-ILAGA COMMITTED MASSACRES AGAINST THE BANGSAMORO

Nov. 30, 1973 - Sibuco, Zamboanga del Norte, no less than 500 Muslim civilians, men, women,
children and olds were massacred by the AFP

Feb. 1974 - Lebak, Sultan Kudarat, about 500 Muslim civilians, men, women, young and olds
were massacred by AFP-ILAGA

Sept. 30, 1974 - Malisbong, Palimbang, S. Kudarat, about 2,000 Muslim civilian’s men, women,
old and children were killed in a series of massacres by The AFP

April 7, 1975 - Lamitan, Basilan, 141 Muslim civilians were ambushed and killed by the Phil.
Army

August 1975 - Patikul Sulu, about 51 Muslim civilians were massacred by the AFP

️️

Moro Resistance and Key Organizations

The Moro resistance against the Philippine government has been spearheaded by various groups.
The Moro National Liberation Front (MNLF) was a significant organization in the early stages of
this struggle. Later, the Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF) emerged, eventually becoming
the primary negotiating party with the government. More recently, the Bangsamoro Islamic
Freedom Fighters (BIFF) splintered from the MILF, continuing a more hardline armed struggle.
These groups represent different facets of the Moro movement, from seeking political autonomy
to advocating for complete independence.

Key Peace Agreements

THE TRIPO AGREEMENT

The Tripoli Agreement, signed in 2001, was a crucial step in the peace process between the Philippine
government (GPH) and the Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF) in Mindanao. It focused on three main
areas: security, rehabilitation, and ancestral domain. This agreement paved the way for further
negotiations and the eventual signing of the Comprehensive Agreement on the Bangsamoro (CAB) in
2014.

The 2001 Tripoli Agreement focused on three main areas:

Security: This aspect dealt with ceasefire mechanisms, troop withdrawals, and the creation of buffer
zones.

Rehabilitation and Development: This involved addressing the humanitarian crisis caused by the conflict
and promoting socio-economic development in the affected areas.

Ancestral Domain: This component addressed the issue of Bangsamoro identity, land rights, and self-
governance within their ancestral territories.

THE FRAMEWORK AGREEMENT

The Framework Agreement on the Bangsamoro is a preliminary peace agreement signed in the
Malacañan Palace in Manila, Philippines on October 15, 2012. The agreement calls for the creation of an
autonomous political entity named Bangsamoro, replacing the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao
(ARMM) which was described by Former President Benigno Aquino III as "a failed experiment".

THE COMPREHENSIVE AGREEMENT

The Comprehensive Agreement on Bangsamoro was the final peace agreement signed between the
Government of the Philippines and the Moro Islamic Liberation Front on March 27, 2014 at the
Malacañang Palace in Manila, which eventually led to the creation of the Bangsamoro Autonomous
Region in Muslim Mindanao.

Creation of the Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim

Mindanao (BARMM)
Home to some 4 million Filipinos, the new political entity Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim
Mindanao (BARMM) was formed in February 2019, following the Plebiscites that accepted the
Bangsamoro Organic Law. After decades of armed conflict, this new transition provides a historic
window of opportunity for a region that faces a myriad of challenges.

With the poverty incidence rate of 63 percent, BARMM is one of the poorest regions in the country. It
holds one of the highest levels of infant and maternal mortality and one of the lowest life expectancies.
It is ranked as one of the lowest in reproductive health indicators such as modern contraception,
antenatal care, skilled birth attendance and use of health facilities for childbirth.

Republic Act No. 8371

This act, also known as "The Indigenous Peoples' Rights Act of 1997," was approved on October
29, 1997. Its purpose is to recognize, protect, and promote the rights of Indigenous Cultural
Communities/Indigenous Peoples (ICCs/IPs). The act also creates a National Commission on
Indigenous Peoples (NCIP). The state's policies include recognizing and promoting the rights of
ICCs/IPs within the framework of national unity and development, protecting their rights to
ancestral domains, and respecting their right to preserve and develop their cultures, traditions,
and institutions.

REPUBLIC ACT NO. 8371

AN ACT TO RECOGNIZE, PROTECT AND PROMOTE THE RIGHTS OF INDIGENOUS
CULTURAL COMMUNITIES/ INDIGENOUS PEOPLES, CREATING A NATIONAL
COMMISSION ON INDIGENOUS PEOPLES, ESTABLISHING IMPLEMENTING
MECHANISMS, APPROPRIATING FUNDS THEREFOR, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES

Republic Act No. 11054

This act is known as the "Bangsamoro Organic Law" (BOL). Its purpose is to provide for the
organic law for the Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao. It repeals Republic
Act No. 6734 and Republic Act No. 9054. The Bangsamoro Government is tasked with ensuring
the integration of the teaching of Islamic and Arab culture into the elementary and high school
curricula. The act also establishes an internal auditing body and the Intergovernmental Fiscal
Policy Board, which is required to meet at least once every six months.

THE LEGAL FRAMEWORK FOR INDIGENOUS PEOPLE IN BANGSAMORO

The legal framework for Indigenous Peoples (IPs) in the Bangsamoro region is shaped by the
Bangsamoro Organic Law (BOL) (RA 11054) and the Bangsamoro Indigenous Peoples' Act (BIPA). The
BIPA, in particular, provides a comprehensive framework for recognizing, promoting, and protecting the
rights of IPs in the Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (BARMM). This includes
recognizing their ancestral domains, cultural heritage, and self-governance, while also addressing their
unique needs within the BARMM context.

THE INDIGENOUS PEOPLE RIGHTS ACT (IPRA)

In the Philippines, Indigenous Peoples (IPs) have rights recognized by both the Constitution and the
Indigenous Peoples Rights Act (IPRA) of 1997. These rights encompass ownership of ancestral domains,
cultural preservation, and self-governance. Key aspects include the right to ancestral domain and land,
cultural integrity, and free and prior informed consent regarding projects affecting their territories. The
National Commission on Indigenous Peoples (NCIP) is the primary government agency responsible for
implementing these rights.

ANCESTRAL DOMAIN AND SELF-GOVERNANCE

Ancestral domain and self-governance, as recognized by the Indigenous Peoples Rights Act (IPRA), are
intrinsically linked concepts. IPRA acknowledges the inherent right of Indigenous Cultural Communities
(ICCs) and Indigenous Peoples (IPs) to self-governance and self-determination, including the
management and protection of their ancestral domains. This means that ICCs/IPs have the right to
govern themselves, make decisions about their ancestral domains, and pursue their own social,
economic, and cultural development.

THE BANGSAMORO ORGANIC LAW AND THE TRIBAL REPRESENTATION

According to the Supreme Court of the Philippines, The Bangsamoro Organic Law (BOL), also known as
Republic Act No. 11054, aims to establish the Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao
(BARMM), granting self-governance while upholding national sovereignty and territorial integrity. It
recognizes the distinct identity and rights of the Bangsamoro people, including Muslim Filipinos and
indigenous cultural communities within the region. While the BOL primarily focuses on Muslim Filipinos,
it also acknowledges the rights of Indigenous Peoples (IPs) within the BARMM, including their ancestral
domains, self-governance, cultural preservation, and social justice.

References

Republic Act No. 8371 | Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines. (1997).

Republic Act No. 11054 (2018).

References:
* Struggle for Autonomy and Peace (File): Mentions Moro resistance, MNLF, MILF, and BIFF.

* Struggle for Autonomy and Peace (File): Details the Tripoli Agreement, Framework
Agreement, and Comprehensive Agreement on the Bangsamoro.

* Struggle for Autonomy and Peace (File): Discusses the creation of BARMM

MEMBERS:

1.MAILYN MOKATOK

2.ASNIYA DOMADO

3.ABDULLAH MATALA

4.ABDUL SALAM SARIPADA

5.LAILANIE ONTONG