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Assignment # 1

The document discusses the concept of Ijma, or consensus, in Islam, outlining its definition, types, and the qualifications required for jurists to practice it. It provides examples of how the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) and the Rightly Guided Caliphs implemented Ijma in their decisions. Additionally, it highlights the challenges faced in practicing Ijma today, including geographical, administrative, and sectarian differences among Muslims.

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14 views2 pages

Assignment # 1

The document discusses the concept of Ijma, or consensus, in Islam, outlining its definition, types, and the qualifications required for jurists to practice it. It provides examples of how the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) and the Rightly Guided Caliphs implemented Ijma in their decisions. Additionally, it highlights the challenges faced in practicing Ijma today, including geographical, administrative, and sectarian differences among Muslims.

Uploaded by

sanoberkhan29
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

INSTRUCTIONS: The points given are for the directions and guidance for attempting the answers.

Several
points in the following answers need elaborations and explanations. You must read the answers from the
notes first before writing your answers.

Assignment # 01
Q (a) ‘My community will never agree upon an error.’ The Prophet (PBUH)’s Hadith encourages the use of
the consensus of opinion (Ijma). Outline:

(i) What consensus (Ijma) is,


(ii) how many kinds of Ijma there are;
(iii) Who is qualified to practice it;
(iv) Give examples of how the Prophet (PBUH) practiced it
(v) Give examples of how the Rightly Guided Caliphs practiced it. [10]

Ans (i)

IJMA

Unanimity Agreement Consensus

Generally, it is any unanimous decision

Islamically, Ijma is a unanimous decision of


the whole Muslim Ummah on Islamic matter
after the Prophet (PBUH)’s death

3rd source & Secondary source

Permission: a) Quran 4:59 (Al-Nisa)


b) Hadith

There are several definitions of Ijma.


Some say it is a consensus of companions,
some say of people of Madinah and some say
of scholars of any era.

All these definitions are correct but nowadays a few are impossible to practice e.g. of companions and
others are difficult to practice. The definition that is followed mostly nowadays is the consensus of legal
scholars. An example of the recent consensus of legal scholars is of IVF process.
(ii)

Discuss Ijma Ummah and Ijma-e-Aimmah followed by the two types of Ijma-e-Aimmah; Ijma-e-Qawli and
Amali.

(iii)

a) There are several definitions of Ijma. Some say it is a consensus of the companions of the Prophet
(PBUH), some say of people of Madinah and some say of scholars of any era.
b) In today’s world, Ijma is done by Jurists who are authorized to do Ijma.
c) Jurists must be sane, adult, pious, and God-fearing Muslims.
d) Jurists must have a thorough knowledge of the Quran and Sunnah.
e) Their decision must be sourced from the Quran or Sunnah.
f) Their decision must not contradict any teaching of the Quran or Sunnah.
g) It must be a unanimous decision. Even if one jurist disagrees with strong evidence, he can
block/hold the ruling.

(iv)

1. The decision to battle at Badr in 2 A.H.


2. The decision to defend Madinah by digging trenches in 5 A.H.
3. The decision to fight for Hazrat Uthman (RZ) at Hudaibya in 6 A.H.

(v)

1. 1st Claiph: Compilation of Quran


2. 2nd Caliph: 20 units of Taraweeh in congregation
3. 3rd Caliph: Two Adhan for Friday prayers.

Q (b) How easy is it to practice Ijma? [4]

Ijma is not easy to practice these days rather it has become difficult to practice for the following
reasons:

1. Muslims live in almost every country.


2. Population of Muslims.
3. Different definitions of Ijma exist now.
4. Administrative differences.
5. Sectarian differences.
6. Lack of unity.

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