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Deep Core OOPs Java

The document provides an overview of the core concepts of Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) in Java, including classes, objects, inheritance, polymorphism, encapsulation, abstraction, and relationships like association, aggregation, and composition. It also outlines the SOLID principles that enhance software design and maintainability. Each concept is illustrated with code examples to demonstrate its application.

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ajithpunniaseelan0604
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12 views4 pages

Deep Core OOPs Java

The document provides an overview of the core concepts of Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) in Java, including classes, objects, inheritance, polymorphism, encapsulation, abstraction, and relationships like association, aggregation, and composition. It also outlines the SOLID principles that enhance software design and maintainability. Each concept is illustrated with code examples to demonstrate its application.

Uploaded by

ajithpunniaseelan0604
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Deep Core of OOPs in Java

1. Class and Object

A class is a blueprint for objects. It defines properties and behaviors.

An object is an instance of a class.

Example:

class Car {

String brand;

void drive() {

System.out.println("Driving...");

Car car = new Car();

car.drive();

2. Inheritance (IS-A Relationship)

Inheritance allows one class to acquire the properties of another class.

Example:

class Animal {

void eat() { System.out.println("Eating..."); }

class Dog extends Animal {

void bark() { System.out.println("Barking..."); }

Dog d = new Dog();

d.eat();

d.bark();
Deep Core of OOPs in Java

3. Polymorphism (Compile-time and Runtime)

Polymorphism means the ability to take many forms.

- Compile-time (Method Overloading):

class MathUtil {

int sum(int a, int b) { return a + b; }

int sum(int a, int b, int c) { return a + b + c; }

- Runtime (Method Overriding):

class Animal {

void sound() { System.out.println("Animal sound"); }

class Cat extends Animal {

void sound() { System.out.println("Meow"); }

Animal a = new Cat();

a.sound(); // Meow

4. Encapsulation (Data Hiding)

Encapsulation is the process of wrapping data and code into a single unit.

Example:

class Account {

private int balance;

public int getBalance() { return balance; }

public void setBalance(int amount) { balance = amount; }

}
Deep Core of OOPs in Java

5. Abstraction (Hiding Implementation)

Abstraction hides internal details and shows only necessary parts.

Example using abstract class:

abstract class Shape {

abstract void draw();

class Circle extends Shape {

void draw() { System.out.println("Drawing Circle"); }

Example using interface:

interface Vehicle {

void start();

class Bike implements Vehicle {

public void start() { System.out.println("Bike starting"); }

6. Association, Aggregation, Composition

- Association: General connection between classes.

- Aggregation: HAS-A relationship where child can exist independently.

- Composition: Strong HAS-A where child can't exist without parent.

Example of Composition:

class Engine {

void start() { System.out.println("Engine starting..."); }

}
Deep Core of OOPs in Java

class Car {

private final Engine engine = new Engine();

void startCar() { engine.start(); }

7. SOLID Principles (OOP Best Practices)

- S: Single Responsibility Principle

- O: Open/Closed Principle

- L: Liskov Substitution Principle

- I: Interface Segregation Principle

- D: Dependency Inversion Principle

These principles improve maintainability, testability, and scalability.

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