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CH 3 Data Handling Notes

The document provides notes on data handling for Class VII Mathematics, covering key concepts such as data types, frequency, mean, mode, median, range, bar graphs, and probability. It explains the differences between raw, primary, and secondary data, and introduces methods for calculating central tendency and probability. The notes emphasize the importance of data representation through tables and graphs for analysis and understanding.

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30 views2 pages

CH 3 Data Handling Notes

The document provides notes on data handling for Class VII Mathematics, covering key concepts such as data types, frequency, mean, mode, median, range, bar graphs, and probability. It explains the differences between raw, primary, and secondary data, and introduces methods for calculating central tendency and probability. The notes emphasize the importance of data representation through tables and graphs for analysis and understanding.

Uploaded by

mauryaruchi130
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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RYAN INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL

CLASS VII – MATHEMATICS


Ch – 3 – Data Handling Notes
Introduction:-
Data can be presented in the form of a table, graphs and also used for analysis purpose. However
tabular representation is easy to analyse where as a graphical presentation is easier to understand.
1. Data: Facts and information collected for the specific purpose are called data.
2. Observation: Each of the data is called an observation.
3. Raw Data: The data recorded in its original form is called raw data.
4. Primary Data: The data collected by an investigator / collector for its own use is called
primary data.
5. Secondary Data: The data collected by someone and used by someone else is called secondary
data.
6. Frequency: The number of times a particular observation occurs is called its frequency.
7. Arithmetic Mean: The most common representative value (OR Central Tendency) of a group
of data is the Arithmetic Mean (OR Mean OR Average).
𝑺𝒖𝒎 𝒐𝒇 𝒂𝒍𝒍 𝑶𝒃𝒔𝒆𝒓𝒗𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏𝒔
𝑴𝒆𝒂𝒏 =
𝑵𝒖𝒎𝒃𝒆𝒓 𝒐𝒇 𝑶𝒃𝒔𝒆𝒓𝒗𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏𝒔
𝒇𝒊 𝒙𝒊
𝑴𝒆𝒂𝒏 𝑻𝒂𝒃𝒖𝒍𝒂𝒕𝒆𝒅 𝑫𝒂𝒕𝒂 =
𝒇𝒊
8. Range: The difference between the highest and the lowest observation of the data is called
Range. 𝑹𝒂𝒏𝒈𝒆 = 𝑯𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒆𝒔𝒕 𝑶𝒃𝒔𝒆𝒓𝒗𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 − 𝑳𝒐𝒘𝒆𝒔𝒕 𝑶𝒃𝒔𝒆𝒓𝒗𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 (Ex – 3.1)
9. Mode: The mode of a set of observations is the observation that occurs most often. This means
the observation which has maximum frequency is called the Mode.
10. Median: It refers to the value of data which lies in the middle of the data. This means when
data is arranged in ascending or descending order, the middle most observation is
Median. Assuming the total number of observation is n.
𝒏 + 𝟏 𝒕𝒉
𝑴𝒆𝒅𝒊𝒂𝒏 = 𝑶𝒃𝒔𝒆𝒓𝒗𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 , 𝒊𝒇 𝒏 𝒊𝒔 𝑶𝒅𝒅
𝟐
𝒏 𝒕𝒉 𝒏 𝒕𝒉
𝑶𝒃𝒔𝒆𝒓𝒗𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 + +𝟏 𝑶𝒃𝒔𝒆𝒓𝒗𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏
𝟐 𝟐
𝑴𝒆𝒅𝒊𝒂𝒏 = , 𝒊𝒇 𝒏 𝒊𝒔 𝑬𝒗𝒆𝒏
𝟐

11. Bar Graph: A bar graph is a pictorial representation of numerical data consists of two or more
parallel vertical (or horizontal) bars of uniform width. Bars have equal distance between
them. Bar Graph have double bars are called Double Bar Graph.
12. Chance & Probability: There are situations in our life, that are certain to happen, some that
are impossible and some that may or may not happen.
These situations are called event.
The results of events are called outcomes.
The event that may or may not happen has a chance of happening which is called
probability.
When the probability of an event is determined by actually conducting an experiment and the
result are recorded, then it is known as empirical probability OR experimental probability.

𝑵𝒖𝒎𝒃𝒆𝒓 𝒐𝒇 𝑭𝒂𝒗𝒐𝒖𝒓𝒂𝒃𝒍𝒆 𝑶𝒖𝒕𝒄𝒐𝒎𝒆𝒔


𝑷𝒓𝒐𝒃𝒂𝒃𝒊𝒍𝒊𝒕𝒚 =
𝑻𝒐𝒕𝒂𝒍 𝑵𝒖𝒎𝒃𝒆𝒓 𝒐𝒇 𝑶𝒖𝒕𝒄𝒐𝒎𝒆𝒔
Notes: Probability of certain to happen event is always 1.
Probability of impossible event is always 0.
𝟎 ≤ 𝑷𝒓𝒐𝒃𝒂𝒃𝒊𝒍𝒊𝒕𝒚 ≤ 𝟏

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