Stages of Error Analysis in Psycholinguistics Introduction:
Error Analysis studies learners' language errors to understand Second Language Acquisition (SLA).
Its purpose is to identify difficulties, understand cognitive processes, and improve teaching. Stage
1: Collection of Errors - Gather authentic learner data (written/spoken). - Example: Collect student
essays and poems; analyze lines from Robert Frost's "Stopping by Woods". - Data should
represent actual language use. Stage 2: Classification of Errors - Organize errors into categories:
Linguistic, Omission, Addition, Misinformation, Misordering. - Example: Student writes "Whose
woods this are I think I know" (misordering). Stage 3: Identification of Errors - Compare learner
output with correct forms; distinguish errors vs mistakes. - Example: "She go not gentle into night"
(Dylan Thomas) – verb agreement error. Stage 4: Description/Disclosure - Explain what rule is
violated and why. - Example: "The woods are lovely dark and deeps" – plural misuse,
overgeneralization. Stage 5: Evaluation of Errors - Assess seriousness and impact (Global vs Local
errors). - Example: "Miles to go before I sleeps" – verb tense error, meaning still clear. Importance
of Error Analysis - Provides insights into interlanguage. - Helps design remedial teaching. -
Supports better SLA understanding. Real-Life Poem Examples Activity: - Identify and classify errors
from: 1) "Because I could not stops for Death" (Emily Dickinson) 2) "Two roads diverged in a wood,
and I take the one" (tense error) Conclusion: Error analysis is about understanding, not blaming.
Each stage helps improve teaching and learning.