Chapter 21

Alternating Current
1. The impedence of a series LCR circuit varies with 4. The value of C if circuit becomes resonant after
frequency of applied voltage source as below closing the key is

L
z C
C
3z0 R K
z0

V = Vosint

1 0 2
Identify the correct option 1
(1) C (2) (C+C)
L

(1) At  = 1 current lags the source emf by
3 1 2
(3) C (4) C
radians 2L 2L

 5. A series LCR circuit is in resonance at a frequency

(2) At  = 2 current leads the source emf by o
6
 =  o . At  = , the best phasor diagram
radians 2
representing the relation between current and
(3) o = 12 voltage phasor is
(4) All of these
VC VR
io
Q
2. (1)
4
t VL
O 2
The graph between charge Q in coulomb and time
t in second is parabolic. The average current in the VR
interval 0 to 4 second is VC io
(1) 2 amp. (2) 1 amp.
(3) 16 amp. (4) 4 amp. (2)
3. The r.m.s. value of current for one teric period in the
VL
above diagram which is plotted between i and t is

(A)
i
4 VR
VL io
2
10 (3)
t
0 4 (s)
VC
–4

1 VL VR
(1) 2A (2) A io
2
(4)
1
(3) 2 2 A (4) A VC
2 2
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Medical Q-Bank-2020 Alternating Current

10. In an AC LCR series, R = 100 . W hen

R C L capacitance ‘C’ is removed the current lags behind
6. 
the voltage by . When inductance L is removed,
3

the current leads the voltage by . The impedance
If current consider the following ac circuit, from the 3
source is plotted against frequency of voltage of the series combination circuit is
source, the graph is best respected by (1) 50  (2) 100 

i
(3) 200  (4) 400 
11. An inductor of inductance 10 mH and capacitor of
(1) capacitance 5F are in LC oscillation. If maximum

0 energy stored in capacitor is 2J, the maximum
current in the circuit is
i (1) 0.2A (2) 2A
(2) (3) 20A (4) 5A

12. The peak value of alternating e.m.f E is given by E
= Eocost, is 20 volt and frequency is 50 Hz. The
i average value of e.m.f is (The average is taken over
first half of time period)
(3)

20  2 10  2
(1) volt (2) volt
 
i
10
(3) volt (4) Zero
(4) 
0  13. In the circuit shown, rms current is 11 A. The
potential difference across the inductor is
7. A transformer has NP = 30 turns in primary and NS
= 2500 turns in the secondary. If the input voltage V = 200 volt
is V = 200Sin(t), then the r.m.s. voltage across V
the secondary coil is approximately L R = 20
(1) 1000 volt (2) 1100 volt C
(3) 1200 volt (4) 11786.9 volt

8. In an L-C circuit consisting of 20 mH inductor and ~

0.1 F capacitor, the maximum current in the 220V, 50Hz
circuit is 0.15A. The maximum voltage across the
capacitor is approximately
(1) 220 volt (2) 300 volt
(1) 60 volt (2) 75 volt (3) 200 volt (4) Zero
(3) 67 volt (4) 57 volt 14. In the circuit shown below what will be the reading
of voltmeter (V1) and ammeter ?
9. An ac is given by I = I0 Sin (t) + 2 . The ratio
100
of average to rms current in the circuit in one full
cycle is V1
V V
A
300V 300V
1 2
(1) 2I0 (2) I 4
2
0 ~
220V, 50Hz

2 I02  4 (1) 200V, 1A (2) 800V, 2A

(3) (4)
I0  2 2 (3) 220V, 2A (4) 220V, 2.2A

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Alternating Current Medical Q-Bank-2020

15. In an oscillating LC circuit, maximum current in 20. In an LC circuit, the capacitor has maximum
inductor is I o . The current in inductor when the
energy is stored equally between the electric and  d 
charge q0. The value of   is
magnetic field is  dt max

Io Io
(1) (2) L C
2 2

Io Io
(3) (4)
4 2 2
16. An Alternating Current circuit consists of a qo qo
resistance and an ideal choke coil in series. The (1) (2)
LC LC
resistance is of 220 and choke coil is of 0.7H.
The power absorbed from 220V and 50Hz source
connected with the circuit is
qo qo
(3) 1 (4) 1
LC LC
(1) 55 W (2) 220 W
(3) 110 W (4) 440 W 21. A bulb and a capacitor are connected in series to an
a.c. mains. Some activity is done and the bulb glows
17. An R–L–C circuit containing a 52 resistor, a 230 brighter. The activity may be
mH inductor and a 8.8 F capacitor is driven by an
A.C voltage source that has an amplitude of 150V (1) That the frequency of source was increased
and frequency  = 80 Hz. How much average power (2) That the frequency of source was decreased
is dissipated by this circuit ?
(3) That the locations of bulb and capacitor were
(1) Zero (2) 78.6 W interchanged
(3) 39.3 W (4) 19.6 W (4) That the plates of capacitor were pulled apart using
18. The rms value of current given by the equation  = insulating handles
a+bcost is 22. In a circuit, current lags the emf by 53º. The power
factor of the circuit is
b 2a 2  b 2 (1) 0.8 (2) 0.6
(1) a (2)
2 2 (3) Zero (4) 1
23. An inductor and a resistor are joined in series in an
a2  b2 ac circuit. If voltage across inductor is 80 V and
(3) (4) a2  b2
2 across resistor is 60 V, then the applied voltage is

19. In the circuit shown, the readings of voltmeter V1, (1) 140 V (2) 20 V
V2 and V3 at resonance are given by (3) 100 V (4) 4800 V
24. The readings of voltmeter and ammeter for LCR series
V1 V2 circuit are respectively

XL = 5  XC = 5  R = 10 
R L C
V3
V

A
=osint,  = 1
LC 40 V
(1) 20 V, 1 A (2) 20 V, 2 A
(1) V1 = V2 = V3 = o
(3) 40 V, 4 A (4) 40 V, 2 A
o
(2) V1 = V3 = , V2 = 0 25. In a transformer the input voltage and input current
2 are 11 kV and 10 A respectively. If the output voltage
is 450 V and the output current is 220 A, then
(3) V1 = V3 = o, V2 = 0 efficiency of the transformer is approximately

o (1) 9% (2) 900%

(4) V1 = , V2 = V3 = 0
2 (3) 90% (4) 80%
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Medical Q-Bank-2020 Alternating Current

1 32. A current passing through a hot wire ammeter, is

26. In a dc LR circuit current grows to th of its steady made of two components, a dc component i1 = 3A
4
state value in 2 s. The time constant of LR circuit is and an ac component i 2 = 4 2 sin t. Find the
2 2 reading of the ammeter
(1) (2) (1) 1A (2) 5A
4 3
ln ln
3 4 (3) 3A (4) 6A
2 2 33. In the given LCR series circuit find the source
(3) (4) frequency which drives the circuit at resonance
1 ln 4
ln
4 L=5H
27. In an LCR circuit, inductance is changed from L to
L C = 80F
to keep the same resonance frequency. C should R = 40
2
be changed to
C V = 200V
(1) 2C (2)
4
C 25
(3) (4) 4C (1) 25 Hz (2) Hz
2 
28. A resistor, an ideal capacitor and an ideal inductor 50
are connected in parallel to a source of alternating (3) 50 Hz (4) Hz

250
voltage of 800V at a frequency of Hz . A current 34. In the given LC circuit, charge (q) on capacitor is

of 3A flows through resistor, a current of 1A flows given by graph as shown in the figure
through the inductor and the total current through
the circuit is 5A. If IC>IL, then the capacity of the
capacitor is C L
(1) 12.5 F (2) 10 F
q
(3) 9.2 F (4) 8.2 F qo
29. A transformer is used to light 140W, 24V lamp from
240V a.c. mains. The current in the mains cable is time
0.7A. The efficiency of transformer is
(1) 63.8% (2) 48% W hich of the following graphs best represents
(3) 83.3% (4) 34% current in circuit ?
30. An L–R circuit is connected to an AC source of i
50V(rms) and frequency 50Hz. If the power
io
consumed in the resistor is 150W and the wattless
component of the current is 4A, then the (1) time
voltage(rms) across the inductor will be
(1) 10V (2) 20V
i
(3) 30V (4) 40V
io
31. A series R–C circuit is connected across a source
(2) time
of emf, V= 100 2 sin(1000t) where R=1000 and
C=1F. The equation of current in the circuit is
i

(1) i=0.1 sin(1000t – )
4 (3) time
 –io
(2) i=10 sin(1000t + )
4
i

(3) i=10 sin(1000t – )
4
(4) time

(4) i=0.1 sin(1000t + )
4
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Alternating Current Medical Q-Bank-2020

35. A series AC circuit has a resistance of 4 and a 40. In a step-up transformer, the Leclanche cell (Emf
reactance of 3. The impedance of the circuit is 1.5 Volt) is connected across primary. The voltage
(1) 5 (2) 7 developed in secondary would be:
(1) 3.0 Volt (2) 0.75 Volt
12 7
(3)  (4)  (3) Zero (4) 1.5 Volt
7 12 41. The electric current in a circuit is given by

 
36. Consider a circuit which contains only pure inductor
or a pure capacitor connected to an ac source and i  i0 t for some time. Calculate the r.m.s
resistor is absent. Choose the correct statement current for the period t = 0 to t = 
(1) Power dissipated in the circuit is maximum
i0 i0
(2) Current leads to no power dissipation and is (1) irms  (2) irms 
called wattless current 3 2
(3) Power is dissipated due to wattless current i0
i0 irms 
(4) The phase difference between source emf and (3) irms  (4)
2 3
curent is 0° 42. An inductance L having a resistance R is
37. A power transmission line feeds input power at connected to an alternating source of angular
2300V to a step-down transformer, with its primary frequency . The quality factor ‘Q’ of the inductance
windings having 4000 turns. What should be the is
number of turns in the secondary winding in order 2
to get output power at 230V ? L  L 
(1) (2)  R 
(1) 300 (2) 250
R  
2
(3) 400 (4) 450  R  R
(3)   (4)
38. The natural frequency of the circuit shown in the  L  L
figure is: 43. The reading of voltmeter and ammeter in the
following figure will respectively be
C C
A

xc = 4 V 90V

L L
xL = 4 R = 45
(1) 0V and 2A (2) 2A and 0V
(3) 2V and 2A (4) 0V and 0A
1 1 44. An alternating voltage is given by e = e1sint +
(1) (2) e 2 cost. Then the root mean square value of
2 2LC 2 LC
voltage is given by
1 (1) e12  e22 (2) e1 e 2
2 LC
(3) (4) 2
2 3LC 2 e1e2 e12  e22
(3) (4)
2 2
39. For the circuit shown in the figure, the current
through the inductor is 0.9 A while the current 45. An alternating voltage at different frequencies is
through the condenser is 0.4 A. Hence current applied across a capacitance C. W hich of the
drawn from the generator is following graphs correctly depicts the variation of
current with frequency ?
ic
A
C
ii L
A.C. generator
 
(1) (2)
i  
 
(1) 1.3 A (2) 0.9 A
(3) (4)
(3) 0.6 A (4) 0.5 A  
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Medical Q-Bank-2020 Alternating Current

46. In the series LCR circuit , find the reading of 52. Equation for instantaneous current in the circuit is
ammeter
XL = 60 
400V 400V 40  XC = 20 
V V V

R=50
A

100V, 50Hz
E = 80 2 sin(314t)volt
(1) 1A (2) 2A
 
(3) 0A (4) 5A (1) I  2sin  314t  
 4
47. The potential difference across a 2H inductor as a
function of time is given in figure. At time t = 0,  
current is zero. Current at t = 2 is (2) I  2sin  314t  
 4
v(volt)  
(3) I  2cos  314t  
10  4

 
2
t(s) (4) I  2cos  314t  
4  4
(1) 1A (2) 2A 53. In the circuit shown, the voltage leads the current by
(3) 4A (4) 5A 
. The resistance R of the circuit is
48. An electric bulb has a rated power of 50W at 100V. 4
If it is used on an AC source of 200V, 50Hz, a L=0.8 H R
choke has to be used in series with it. This choke
should have an inductance of
(1) 5H (2) 2H
(3) 1.1H (4) 1.35H
V = 100 sin 50t
49. In a series L-C-R circuit R = 200 and the voltage (V is in volt and t is in second)
and the frequency of the main supply is 220V and (1) 13.5  (2) 25.2 
50Hz respectively. On taking out the capacitance
(3) 21  (4) 40 
from the circuit, the current lags behind the voltage
by 30°. On taking out the inductor from the circuit 54. Impedance of LCR series circuit in alternating current
the current leads the voltage by 30°. The power of increasing frequency is best represented by
dissipated in the L-C-R circuit is Z Z
(1) 305W (2) 210W
(3) Zero (4) 121W
(1) (2)
60. The direct current of 5 A is superimposed on an
f f
alternating current I = (10 A) sin t flowing through a fr fr
wire. The effective value of the resulting current will Z Z
be

 15 
(1)  A (2) 5 3 A (3) (4)
 2  f f
fr fr
(3) 5 5 A (4) 15 A 55. Which of the following statement is incorrect about
series resonance circuit?
51. In an ac circuit V and I are given by
(1) We can have resonance in a RL and a RC circuit
  (2) Resonance in a circuit occurs when L and C both
V = 100 V sin 100 t and I = 100 mA sin  100  t  .
2 
are present in the circuit

(3) At resonance, voltage across the L and C are
The power dissipated in the circuit is
180º out of phase
(1) 5000 W (2) 5 W (4) At resonance, the total source voltage appears
(3) 2.5 W (4) Zero across R

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Alternating Current Medical Q-Bank-2020

56. If the ratio of number of turns in the primary and 58. A resistance R draws power P, when connected
secondary coil of a transformer is 1 : 5 and an to an AC source. If an inductance is now placed
alternating emf e = 100 V sin 100t is applied across in series with the resistance, such that the
primary, then the rms value of secondary voltage is impedance of the circuit becomes Z, the power
(1) 100 V (2) 500 V drawn will be

(3) 500 2 V (4) 250 2 V R R

(1) P (2) P 
57. The mean value of AC for full wave rectifier in half Z Z
T
cycle [from t1=0 to t 2  ] 2
2 R
(3) P (4) P  
Z
i sinecurve
i0 59. An alternating current is given by i = I1sint +
I2cost. Then the rms current is given by
t
0 T T
2 I1  I2 I12  I22
(1) (2)
2 2
l0 2l0
(1) (2)
  I12  I22 I12  I22
(3) (4)
l0 2 2
(3) (4) None of these
2



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