Philosophy Reviewer: Introduction to the Philosophy of the Human Person
Lesson 1: What is Philosophy?
Philosophy - a systematic study of the fundamental nature of knowledge, reality, and existence.
It is derived from Greek 'philos' (love) and 'sophia' (wisdom), meaning "love of wisdom."
Key Purposes of Philosophy:
1. To Reflect - on life and our existence
2. To Inquire - ask questions and seek truth
3. To Appreciate Life - understanding our values and choices
4. To Understand Reality - through critical thinking
Essence of Philosophy:
- Uses reason and logic
- Engages with life's fundamental questions
- Pursues wisdom and truth
- Aims to understand life's purpose and meaning
Why Do We Philosophize?
1. Sense of Wonder - curiosity about life and the universe
2. Experience - interpreting life through reflection
3. Love of Wisdom - desire to know the truth
4. Need to Examine Life - "The unexamined life is not worth living." - Socrates
Major Philosophical Questions:
1. What is real?
Philosophy Reviewer: Introduction to the Philosophy of the Human Person
2. How do we know what we know?
3. What is the ultimate purpose of life?
4. Are our choices free?
Branches of Philosophy:
1. Aesthetics - beauty and art
2. Logic - reasoning
3. Epistemology - knowledge
4. Ethics - morality
5. Political Philosophy - justice and governance
6. Metaphysics - reality and existence
Philosophy as a Discipline:
- Reflective & Meditative - thinks deeply
- Mental Exercise - evaluates ideas and consequences
- Integrative - connects various fields of knowledge
Holistic Thinking vs. Partial Thinking:
Holistic Thinking:
- Sees the "big picture"
- Considers all aspects
- Open-minded, system thinker
- Aims for complete understanding
Partial Thinking:
- Focuses on specific parts
- Focuses on one angle
Philosophy Reviewer: Introduction to the Philosophy of the Human Person
- Analytical, detail-oriented
- Aims to solve specific issues
Philosophy of the Human Person:
- Seeks to understand human nature and existence.
- Integrates different branches to understand the truth about the human person.
How Philosophy Develops Critical Thinking:
1. Improves decision-making and problem-solving
2. Makes one a better communicator and debater
3. Encourages self-reflection and understanding
4. Helps develop a deeper sense of self and identity
Practical Applications of Philosophy:
- Guides how we act, decide, and reflect
- Helps in moral judgment
- Encourages open-mindedness and critical thinking
- Contributes to a meaningful life
How to Engage in Reflection:
1. Examine experiences and beliefs
2. Consider the outcomes and consequences
3. Evaluate actions based on values and truth
4. Develop insights for personal growth
Philosophy Reviewer: Introduction to the Philosophy of the Human Person
Notable Greek Philosophers:
1. Thales - First philosopher
2. Pythagoras - Philosophy as a way of life
3. Socrates - "Know thyself"; Socratic method
4. Plato - Theory of forms
5. Aristotle - Father of logic
