Topic : Electric Charges and Field INSIGHT ACADEMY GADAG

2 MARK QUESTIONS
CONCEPT : ELECTRIC CHARGES
1. Which types of charges are acquired by a plastic rod and wool when they are
rubbed against each other?
2. Which are the two types of charges named by Benjamin Franklin?
3. Draw the neat, labeled diagram of gold leaf electroscope.
4. What are electric conductors? Give an example.
5. What are electric insulators? Give an example.
6. State and explain Coulomb’s law.
7. Write Coulomb’s law in vector form and explain the terms.
8. What is the SI unit for charge? Define the SI unit of charge.
9. What do you mean by addition of charge?
10. What do you mean by quantization of charge?
11. How many electrons do constitute a charge of 1μC?
12. The force exerted by a charge (q1 ) on another charge (q2 ) is F. what is the force
exerted by (q2 ) on (q1 )?
13. Two point charges (q1 ) and (q2 ) are such that (q1 ) (q2 ) > 0. What is the nature of
force between the charges?
14. Two point charges (q1 ) and (q2 ) are such that (q1 ) (q2 ) < 0 . What is the nature
of force between the charges?
15. Define dielectric constant.
16. Write the relation between relative and absolute permittivity.
17. The force between two point charges is F. What is the new force when the distance
between them is halved?
18. What is the force on a 100μC charge placed at electrical neutral point?

CONCEPT : ELECTRIC FIELD

19. Define electric field. Mention the S.I unit.
20. What is the physical significance of electric field?
21. Write the expression for electric field due to a point charge in vector form and
explain the terms.
22. What are the factors on which electric field at a point due to a point source charge
depends?

CONCEPT : ELECTRIC FIELD LINES (EFL)

23. What are electric field lines? Do electrostatic field lines form closed loops?
24. Sketch the electric field lines due to (i) an electric dipole and (ii) a pair of positive
charges.
25. Sketch the electric field lines for a (i) positive charge and (ii) negative charge.
26. Can two field lines intersect each other? Justify your answer.

CONCEPT : ELECTRIC FLUX

27. Define electric flux through an area element. Mention the SI unit of electric flux.
28. When will be electric flux a) maximum and b) minimum

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Topic : Electric Charges and Field INSIGHT ACADEMY GADAG

CONCEPT : ELECTRIC DIPOLE

29. Define electric dipole moment. Mention its SI unit
30. Mention the electric filed due to electric dipole at point on the axial line.
31. Mention the electric filed due to electric dipole at point on the equatorial line.
32. Who does electric field due to a) point charge and b) electric dipole depend on
distance?
33. When does an electric dipole placed in a uniform electric field experience (a)
maximum and (b) minimum torque?
34. When an electric dipole placed in a uniform electric field is in (a) stable
equilibrium and (b) unstable equilibrium?

CONCEPT : CHARGE DENSITY

35. Define linear charge density. Write its SI unit.
36. Define surface charge density. Write its SI unit.
37. Define volume charge density. Write its SI unit.

CONCEPT : GUASS LAW

38. State and explain Gauss’s law in electrostatics.

NUMERICALS
39. An electric dipole of moment 2 X 10-8 Cm is placed in an electric field of 5 X 10-5
NC-1, With its axis making an angle of 300 with the field. What is the torque on the
dipole?
40. A cube encloses a charge of 1C. What is the electric flux through the surface of
the cube?
41. A test charge of magnitude 1.5 × 10–9 C is placed at a point where electric field is
5.4 × 104 NC–1. What is the force experienced by the test charge?
42. A charge of 1 μC is distributed on a circular ring of radius 5 cm. Find the linear
charge density.
43. A charge of 1μC is distributed over a metallic spherical shell whose radius is 5
cm. Find the surface charge density
44. An electric dipole with dipole moment 4 × 10–9 Cm is aligned at 30° with the
direction of a uniform electric field of magnitude 5 × 104 NC–1. Calculate the
magnitude of the torque acting on the dipole.
45. A charge of 1 nC is placed in vacuum. Estimate the electric field at a distance of 2
cm from the charge.
46. Two point charges 2 nC and -4 nC are located at 0.02 m apart in vacuum. Find
the force between them.
47. Two point charges +4μC and -5μC attract each other with a force of 1N. A charge
of +5μC is added to each of them. Find the magnitude of the new force.

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Topic : Electric Charges and Field INSIGHT ACADEMY GADAG

3 MARK QUESTIONS
CONCEPT : ELECTRIC CHARGES
1. Describe an experiment to demonstrate that there are two types of charges using
glass rod & plastic rod.
2. Write the three basic properties of electric charges.
3. State the principle of superposition of electric forces. Three equal positive charges
are placed on the three corners A, B and C of a square ABCD. Sketch a diagram to
show the resultant force on the charge at B.
4. What is electrification? Mention the methods of electrification.
5. Explain electrification by induction using two conductors.
6. State and explain coulomb’s inverse square law.

CONCEPT : ELECTRIC FIELD

7. Derive the expression for electric field due to an isolated point charge.

CONCEPT : ELECTRIC FIELD LINES (EFL)

8. Write three properties of electric field lines.

CONCEPT : ELECTRIC DIPOLE

9. Derive the expression for the torque experienced by an electric dipole placed in a
uniform electric field.

NUMERICALS
10. Two point charges 20 μC and 10 μC are separated by 0.05 m in free space. Find
the force between them. Also calculate the force when a dielectric medium of
dielectric constant 3 is introduced between them.
11. Two point charges qA = 3 μC and qB = – 3 μC are located 20 cm apart in vacuum.
What is the electric field at the midpoint O of the line AB joining the two charges?
12. A point charge + 5 μC is placed at the center of the cube of side 4 cm. Find the
electric flux through each square surface of the cube.

5 MARK QUESTIONS
CONCEPT : ELECTRIC FIELD
1. Derive the expression for electric field due to an isolated point charge.

CONCEPT : ELECTRIC DIPOLE

2. Derive the expression for electric field at a point on the axial line of an electric
dipole.
3. Derive the expression for electric field at a point on the equatorial plane of an
electric dipole.

CONCEPT : GUASS LAW

4. Using Gauss law, derive the expression for the electric field due to an infinitely
long straight uniformly charged wire.

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Topic : Electric Charges and Field INSIGHT ACADEMY GADAG

5. Derive the expression for electric field due to a uniformly charged infinite plane
sheet using Gauss law.
6. Arrive at the expression for the electric field due to a thin spherical shell at a point
outside the shell using Gauss law. Write the expression for electric field on its
surface.

NUMERICALS
7. Charges of +10 nC, – 20 nC, – 10 nC and +20 nC are placed at the corners A, B, C
and D respectively of a square ABCD of side 0.05 m calculate the resultant force
on the charge at D.
8. Four charges +Q, +2Q, +3Q and +4Q are placed at the corners of a square ABCD
of side 0.1 m respectively. The electric field is at the center of the square is
5.1×103 NC-1. Find Q.
9. Two oppositely charged identical metallic spheres placed 0.5 m apart attract each
other with a force of 0.108 N, when they are connected to each other by a copper
wire for a short while, they begin to repel with a force of 0.036 N. Calculate the
initial charges on the spheres.
10. Two positive charges of 0.2 μC and 0.8 μC are placed at a distance 0.15m apart.
At what point on the line joining them the electric field zero?
11. A pendulum bob of mass 80 mg and carrying charge 2×10-8 C is at rest at a
certain angle with the vertical in a horizontal uniform electric field of 20,000Vm -1
. Find the tension in the thread of the pendulum and the angle it makes with the
vertical.
12. Try to solve class worked examples.

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Topic : Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance INSIGHT ACADEMY GADAG

2 MARK QUESTIONS
CONCEPT : ELECTROSTATIC POTENTIAL
1. Define electrostatic potential. Mention its SI unit.
2. Define electrostatic potential difference. Mention its SI unit.
3. What is electrostatic shielding? Mention one use of it.
4. Write the expression for the potential at any point due to an electric dipole and
explain the terms.
5. Why the electrostatic field is zero inside a conductor?
6. What work is done in moving any charge from the center of a charged spherical
shell to any point inside it? Justify your answer.
7. In the expression for the relation between electric field and potential which are the
two important conclusions we arrive at?
8. Consider the electric potential at a point distance r from a charge q as V. what will
be the potential due to 8 times this charge at 4 times the above distance?
9. The electric potential is constant in a region. What about the electric field in that
region? Give example.
10. Write the expression for electric potential at a point due to electric dipole.
11. Explain the variation of electric potential due to (a) a point charge and (b) electric
dipole with distance.

CONCEPT : ELECTROSTATIC POTENTIAL ENERGY

12. Define electrostatic potential energy. Mention its SI unit.
13. Define electrostatic potential energy difference. Mention its SI unit.
14. Define volt and Mention the value of 1eV in terms of joules

CONCEPT : DIELECTRICS AND POLARISATION

15. What are the two main factors on which the extent of polarization of a dielectric
medium depends?
16. What are dielectrics? Define electric polarization.
17. What is dielectric strength? Mention its SI unit
18. Define electric polarization for linear isotropic dielectrics. Mention its SI unit
19. Write any two differences between polar and non-polar molecules.
20. What are polar and non-polar molecules? Give example to each.
21. What is electric susceptibility? Mention the factor of its dependency.

CONCEPT : EQUIPOTENTIAL SURFACE

22. Define equipotential surface. Draw equipotential surfaces for an electric dipole.
23. Draw equipotential surfaces for (a) a uniform electric field and (b) two identical
positive charges.
24. What is the shape of an equipotential surface
(a) Around a point charge and (b) in a uniform electric field?
25. Draw equipotential surfaces due to
(a) A single point charge and (b) a electric dipole.

CONCEPT : CAPACITOR AND CAPACITANCE

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Topic : Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance INSIGHT ACADEMY GADAG

26. Define capacitance of a conductor. Write the circuit symbol for a capacitor.
27. Write the SI unit of capacitance. Define the SI unit of capacitance.
28. Write the expression for energy stored in a capacitor and explain the terms.
29. Write the expression for energy density in case of a charged capacitor and explain
the symbols used.
30. How does capacitance of a conductor vary with the increase of permittivity of
medium (dielectric constant) around it?

NUMERICALS
31. Find the potential at a point due to a charge of 4×10-9 C located 9cm away from it.
32. An electric dipole is placed in a uniform electric field with dipole moment vector
perpendicular to the external electric field. Find the work required to turn the
dipole so as to align dipole moment vector anti parallel to electric field. Given:
Dipole moment = 6 μCm, External electric field = 106 Vm-1
33. The electrostatic potential at a point is 10 V. Then find the work required to move
a charge of 20 μC from infinity to that point.
34. Capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor with air between the plates is 18 pF.
When air is replaced by a dielectric slab, the capacitance becomes 54 pF. Find the
dielectric constant of the slab.
35. A 600 pF capacitor is charged by a 200 V supply. It is then disconnected from the
supply and is connected to another uncharged 600 pF capacitor. Find the
common potential difference.
36. What is the total work done in carrying a unit positive charge once round a circle
of radius r with a charge +q at the centre?
37. A charge of 2C moves between two plates maintained at a potential difference of
1V. What is the energy gained by the charge?
38. The potential at any point inside a hollow charged spherical conductor of radius
0.2 m is 1V. What is the potential on the surface of the conductor?
39. Charges of +10nC and -10nC are placed at A and B. P and Q are two points lying
on the perpendicular bisector of the line AB. What is the work done in taking 5nC
from P to Q?
40. Two capacitors of capacity 2μF and 4μF are connected in parallel across 20V
supply. What is the energy stored in the combination?
41. A 2μF capacitor is connected to 10V battery. What is the energy stored in the
capacitor
42. What is the ratio of energy stored in the larger drop to smaller drop when n
identical charged drops each of energy Us are combined?
43. Calculate the effective capacitance of two capacitors 2μF and 6μF connected end
to end.
44. Two capacitors of capacitance 1μF and 1.25nF are connected in parallel. What is
the effective capacitance of the combination?
45. What is the charge on a capacitor of capacitance 10μF charged to 40V?
46. What happens to the charge on a parallel plate capacitor when the potential
difference between its plates is doubled?

3 MARK QUESTIONS
CONCEPT : ELECTROSTATIC POTENTIAL
1. Derive the expression for electric potential due to a system of two charges by

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Topic : Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance INSIGHT ACADEMY GADAG

superposition principle.
2. Obtain the expression for the potential energy of a system of two charges in the
presence of an external electric field.
3. Derive an expression for potential energy stored in an electric dipole placed in a
uniform electric field.

CONCEPT : ELECTROSTATIC POTENTIAL ENERGY

4. Arrive at the expression for the potential energy of a system of two charges in the
absence of external electric field.

CONCEPT : DIELECTRICS AND POLARISATION

5. Distinguish between polar and non-polar dielectrics. Give an example for each.
6. Write any three electrostatic properties of conductors in electrostatic field.

CONCEPT : EQUIPOTENTIAL SURFACE

7. Obtain the expression for the relation between electric field and electric potential.
Mention the properties of equipotential surface.

CONCEPT : CAPACITOR AND CAPACITANCE

8. Mention the factors on which the capacitance of a conductor depends.
9. Mention the factors on which the capacitance of a capacitor depends.
10. Mention any three factors on which the capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor
depends.
11. Mention the methods to increase the capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor.
12. What happens to the capacity of a parallel plate air capacitor, when its
a) Area is doubled
b) Separation between conductors is halved?
c) Free space is replaced by mica?
13. Derive expression for the effective capacitance of two capacitors when connected
in series.
14. Derive expression for the effective capacitance of two capacitors when connected
in parallel.
15. When a dielectric is introduced between the plates of a charged air capacitor
disconnected from a cell, what happens to its
(i) capacitance (ii) charge stored (iii) potential difference (iv) energy stored
16. Two capacitors with capacitances C1 and C2 are charged to potentials V1 and V2
respectively what is the ratio of their respective charges when they are connected
in parallel?
17. Mention the uses of capacitors.

NUMERICALS
18. Capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor is 1 nF and the plates are separated by 2
mm. Find the area of each plate of the capacitor.
19. Two charges of 10 μC and 5 μC are 12 cm apart. Find the work done in bringing
charges 2 cm closer.
20. Two capacitors of capacitances 2 pF and 4 pF are connected in parallel across
100V supply. What is the total capacitance of the combination? Determine the
charge on each capacitor

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Topic : Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance INSIGHT ACADEMY GADAG

21. Two capacitors of capacitances 2 pF and 4 pF are connected in series with 100 V
supply. What is the total capacitance of the combination? Determine the potential
difference across each capacitor.
22. In the following diagram, value of each capacitor
is equal to 3 μF. Find the equivalent capacitance
across AB.

5 MARK QUESTIONS
CONCEPT : ELECTROSTATIC POTENTIAL
23. Derive the expression for electrostatic potential due to isolated point charge.

CONCEPT : ELECTROSTATIC POTENTIAL ENERGY

24. Arrive at the expression for the potential energy of a system of three charges in the
absence of external electric field.

CONCEPT : DIELECTRICS AND POLARISATION

25. Write electrostatic properties of conductors in electrostatic field.

CONCEPT : CAPACITOR AND CAPACITANCE

26. Define capacitance of a capacitor. Derive an expression for capacitance of a
parallel plate capacitor separated by air or vacuum.
27. Define capacitance of a capacitor. Derive an expression for capacitance of a
parallel plate capacitor separated by dielectric medium.
28. Derive the expression for the effective capacitance of a series combination of three
different capacitors.
29. Obtain the expression for the effective capacitance of a parallel combination of
three different capacitors.

NUMERICALS
30. Two charges 5 × 10-8 C and –3 × 10-8 C are located 16 cm apart. Find the
positions along line joining the two charges at which the electric potential zero?
31. Charges +2 nC, +4 nC, and +8 nC are placed at the corners ABC respectively of a
square of side 0.2 m. Calculate the work done to transfer a charge of +2 nC from
the corner D to the center of the square.
32. An 800 pF capacitor is charged by a 100 V battery. How much energy is stored by
the capacitor? The capacitor is disconnected from the battery and connected to
another 800 pF capacitor. What is the electrostatic energy of the system?
33. Two capacitors of capacitances 2 μF and 8 μF are connected in series and the
resulting combination is connected across a 300 V battery. Calculate the charge,
potential difference and the energy stored in each capacitor.
[Charge = 4.8×10-4 C, potential = 240V, 60V, energy = 5.76×10-2 J & 1.44×10-2 J]
34. In a parallel plate capacitor with air between the plates, each plate has an area of
6×10–3 m2 and the distance between the plates is 3 mm. Calculate the capacitance
of the capacitor. If charge on each plate is 1.8 × 10-9 C, find the energy stored in
the capacitor.
35. Try to solve class worked examples.

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Topic : Current Electricity INSIGHT ACADEMY GADAG

2 MARK QUESTIONS
CONCEPT : ELECTRIC CURRENT
1. What is electric current? Define S.I unit of electric current. Mention the type of charge
carriers which are responsible for conduction.
2. Mention the type of charge carriers which are responsible for conduction in a) metallic
conductors and b) semiconductors
3. A large number of free electrons are present in metals. Why there is no current in
the absence of electric field?
4. State and explain Ohm’s law.

CONCEPT : DRIFT VELOCITY

5. Define the terms (i) drift velocity and (ii) relaxation time.
6. What is drift velocity? Mention its expression in terms of electric field
7. What is drift velocity? What is the order of drift velocity?
8. Define current density? Write the equation for current density in terms of drift velocity.
9. Define mobility of free electron. Give its SI unit.
10. Obtain the expression for mobility of free electron in terms of relaxation time.

CONCEPT : OHM’S LAW, RESITANCE, RESISITIVITY, CONDUCTIVITY

11. State and explain Ohm’s law.
12. How does the resistance of a conductor vary with its (i) length and (ii) area of cross
section?
13. Mention the expression for resistance in terms of resistivity and explain the terms.
14. Define electrical resistivity of a conductor. Mention its SI unit.
15. Mention any two factors on which resistivity of a metal depend.
16. Write any two differences between resistance and resistivity.
17. Define electrical conductivity of a conductor. Mention its SI unit.
18. Define current density in a conductor. Mention its SI unit.
19. Write another equivalent form of Ohm’s law in terms of current density and
conductivity and explain the terms.
20. Write any two limitations of Ohm’s law.
21. What are ohmic and non-ohmic devices? Give an example for each.
22. Draw V-I graph for an ohmic and a non- ohmic material.
23. Write the expression for resistivity in terms of number density and relaxation time
and explain the terms.
24. What is the cause of resistance of a conductor? Explain
25. Write an expression for the resistivity of a metallic conductor, showing its
variation over a limited range of temperature and explain the terms.
26. How does the resistivity of a metallic conductor (copper) vary with temperature?
Show its variation graphically.
27. How does the resistivity of alloys (nichrome) vary with temperature? Show its
variation graphically.
28. How does the resistivity of a semiconductor vary with temperature? Show its
variation graphically.

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Topic : Current Electricity INSIGHT ACADEMY GADAG

CONCEPT : ELECTRIC ENERGY AND POWER

29. Define the terms (i) electrical energy and (ii) electrical power.
30. Mention the expression for power loss (ohmic loss) in a conductor and explain the
terms.
31. How many number of electrons that should flow per second in a conductor to
provide a current of 1 A?

CONCEPT : EMF, INTERNAL RESISTANCE

32. Define emf and internal resistance of a cell.
33. Terminal potential difference is less than the emf of a cell. Why?
34. For what basic purpose, the cells are connected (1) in series (2) in parallel?

CONCEPT : KIRCHHOFF’S LAWS

35. State and explain Kirchhoff’s junction rule/ current law.
36. State and explain Kirchhoff’s loop rule / voltage law.
37. Name the device which works on the principle of Whetstone’s bridge.
38. What is meter Bridge? Mention the principle and uses of meter Bridge.
39. What is potentiometer? State the principle and uses of potentiometer.

NUMERICALS
40. How many number of electrons that should flow per second in a conductor to
provide a current of 1 A?
41. A potential difference of 20 volts is applied across the ends of a resistance of 5 Ω.
What current will flow in the resistor?
42. An electric bulb draws a current of 0.35 A for 20 minutes. Calculate the amount
of electric charge that flows through the circuit.
43. A cell of emf 2V and internal resistance 1 Ω is connected across a resistor of 9 Ω.
Find the terminal potential difference of the cell.
44. Calculate the resistance of a 40 W automobile headlight designed for 12 V.

3 MARK QUESTIONS
CONCEPT : DRIFT VELOCITY
1. What is meant by drift of free electrons in a conductor? Explain.
2. Derive an expression for drift velocity of free electrons in conductor.
3. Name the mobile charge carriers in (i) metals, (ii) an ionized gas and (iii)
electrolyte.
4. Mention the factors on which drift velocity depends?
5. Derive relation between drift velocity and electric current.
6. Mention the factors on which mobility of electrons depends on.

CONCEPT : OHM’S LAW, RESITANCE, RESISITIVITY, CONDUCTIVITY

7. Write any three factors on which resistance of a conductor depend.
8. Arrive at ⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝐽 = 𝜎 ⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝐸 , where symbols have their usual meaning or derive the
expression for current density in terms of electric field and conductivity of the
material using ohm’s law.

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9. Define electrical resistivity. Mention the factors on which electricity resistivity

depends on?

CONCEPT : EMF, INTERNAL RESISTANCE

10. Write any three differences between emf and terminal p. d. of a cell.
11. Obtain an expression for current drawn by an external resistance using Ohm’s
law. OR Arrive at the relation between terminal potential difference and emf of a
cell using ohm’s law.
12. Define emf of a cell. Mention the factors on which it depends on?
13. Define internal resistance of a cell. Mention the factors on which it depends on?
14. What is meter Bridge? Mention the principle and uses of meter Bridge.
15. What is potentiometer? State the principle and uses of potentiometer.

NUMERICALS
16. Charge through a cross section of conductor is given by Q = (2t2 - 5t) C. Find the
current through the conductor at the instant t = 2 s.
17. Find the average drift speed of free electrons in a copper wire of cross sectional
area 10-7m2 carrying current of 1.5A and having free electron density 8.5×1028 m-3.
18. Current 2 A is flowing through a conductor of resistance 4 Ω. Find the electrical
energy consumed by the conductor in 10s.

5 MARK QUESTIONS
CONCEPT : DRIFT VELOCITY
19. Derive an expression for electric current in terms of drift velocity and number
density of free electrons.

CONCEPT : OHM’S LAW, RESITANCE, RESISITIVITY, CONDUCTIVITY

20. Assuming the expression for electric current, arrive at the expression for electrical
conductivity of a material.

CONCEPT : EMF, INTERNAL RESISTANCE

21. Deduce the expressions for the equivalent emf and internal resistance of two cells
connected in series.
22. Derive the expressions for the equivalent emf and internal resistance of two cells
connected in parallel.

CONCEPT : KIRCHHOFF’S LAWS

23. Obtain the condition for balance of Wheatstone network using Kirchhoff’s laws.

NUMERICALS
24. A copper wire has 3×1022 free electrons in 0.021 m length. The drift velocity of
electrons is found to be 2 × 10−5 ms−1. How many electrons would pass through a
given cross-section of the wire in one second?

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Topic : Current Electricity INSIGHT ACADEMY GADAG

25. A copper wire has a diameter of 0.5 mm and resistivity of 1.68×10-8 Ωm. What will
be the length of this wire to make its resistance of 2 Ω? How much does the
resistance change if the diameter is doubled?
26. A battery of 6V gives a current of 2 A when connected to a resistance of 2 Ω. What
is the internal resistance, terminal p.d. and lost voltage of the battery?
27. Two cells of emf 3 V and 4 V and internal resistance 1 Ω and 2 Ω respectively are
connected in parallel so as to send the current in the same direction through an
external resistance of 10 Ω. Find the potential difference across 10 Ω resistor.
28. In a Wheatstone bridge, resistances R 1, R2, R3 and R4 are 10Ω, 20Ω, 30Ω and 50Ω
respectively. Is the network balanced? If not, how do you vary (i) the arm R3 and
(ii) the arm R4 to balance the network?
29. Calculate the power dissipated in 10 Ω resistor in the given
circuit.

30. In the given circuit, calculate the current through the

galvanometer (Ig)

31. Try to solve class worked examples.

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Topic : Moving Charges and Magnetism INSIGHT ACADEMY GADAG

2 MARK QUESTIONS
CONCEPT : LORENTZ FORCE EQUATION (PARTICLE IN MAGNETIC FIELD)
1. Define magnetic field and write dimensional formula for it.
2. Write the expression for magnetic force acting on a charged particle moving in a
uniform magnetic field and explain the terms.
3. When is the force on a charged particle moving in a magnetic field (a) maximum
and (b) minimum?
4. Does a moving charge always experience a force in a magnetic field? Explain.
5. A proton and an electron enter a magnetic field at the same angle and with the
same speed. Do they experience the same force? Justify your answer.
6. What is Lorentz force? Write the expression representing this force.
7. Is any work is done by a magnetic field on a moving charge? Justify your answer.
8. Does a charged particle gain kinetic energy as it enters a magnetic field? Justify
your answer.
9. Write the expression for radius of circular path described by a charged particle in
a uniform magnetic field and explain the terms.
10. A proton and an electron moving with the same momentum enter a magnetic field
at right angles to it. Compare the radii of their trajectory.
11. Write the expression for angular frequency of a charged particle moving in a
uniform transverse magnetic field and explain the terms.
12. Write the expression for the pitch of the helical path traced by an electron in a
uniform magnetic field and explain the terms.
13. How does time period of revolution when a charged particle enters perpendicularly to
magnetic field depends on (a) Magnitude of charge (b) Mass of charge and (c) Magnetic
field
14. How does frequency of revolution when a charged particle enters perpendicularly to
magnetic field depends on (a) Magnitude of charge (b) Mass of charge and (c) Magnetic
field
15. How does radius of circular path when a charged particle enters perpendicularly to
magnetic field depends on (a) Magnitude of charge (b) Momentum of charge and (c)
Magnetic field

CONCEPT : FORCE ON CURRENT CARRYING CONDUCTOR

16. Write the expression for the force acting on a current carrying conductor in a
magnetic field and explain the terms.
17. When is the force on a conductor carrying current in a magnetic field (a)
maximum and (b) minimum?
18. Write the expression for the magnet field produced at a point on the axis of
circular current loop and explain the terms.

CONCEPT : BIOT-SAVART’S LAW

19. State Biot-Savart’s law.
20. Write the vector form of Biot-Savart’s law and explain the terms.
21. Write the expression for magnetic field at a point due to current element and
explain the terms.
22. When is the magnetic field at a point due to a current element (a) maximum and
(b) minimum?
23. How will magnetic field strength at the center of the circular current loop change,
if the current through the coil is halved and radius of the loop is doubled?
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CONCEPT: AMPERE’S CIRCUITAL LAW.

24. State and explain Ampere’s circuital law.
25. Write the expression for magnetic field at a point due to long straight current
carrying conductor and explain the terms.
26. How does the magnetic field at a point due to straight long current carrying
conductor varies with the (a) strength of the current and (b) Perpendicular
distance of the point from the conductor.
27. Write the expression for magnetic field due to current carrying solenoid at a point
(a) Well inside the solenoid and (b) At any one end of the solenoid
28. Write an expression for magnetic field at a point inside current carrying solenoid
and explain the terms.
29. Mention the factors on which the magnetic fields at a point inside a solenoid
depend.
30. How does the magnetic field at a point inside an air cored solenoid vary with the (i)
number turns per unit length and (ii) strength of a current though the solenoid.

CONCEPT : FORCE BETWEEN CURRENT CARRYING CONDUCTORS

31. Write the expression for the force between two long straight parallel conductors
carrying currents and explain the terms.
32. What is the nature of the force between two parallel conductors carrying currents
in the (a) same direction and (b) opposite direction?
33. Define ‘ampere’ the S.I unit of current by writing the expression for force between
two parallel currents.
34. How does the force between the conductors carrying currents vary with (a)
strength of current in the conductor and (b) the distance between the conductors?
35. When is the torque on a current loop in magnetic field (i) maximum and (ii)
minimum?

CONCEPT : TORQUE ON CURRENT LOOP IN MAGNETIC FIELD

(MOVING COIL GALAVANOMETER)
36. Write the expression for torque on current carrying loop in magnetic field.
37. When will be torque on loop in uniform magnetic field is (a) Maximum and (b) minimum?
38. Write an expression for angular deflection produced by a coil in moving coil
galvanometer and explain the terms.
39. Write expression for magnetic dipole moment of current carrying loop.
40. Draw a neat labeled diagram of moving coil galvanometer.
41. What is the significance of radial magnetic field in a moving coil galvanometer?
42. What is the role of soft iron cylinder inside the coil in a moving coil galvanometer?
43. Define current sensitivity of a moving coil galvanometer. Mention its SI unit.
44. Define figure of merit of a moving coil galvanometer. Mention its SI unit.
45. Define voltage sensitivity of a moving coil galvanometer. Mention its SI unit.
46. Why an ammeter is always connected in series with a circuit?
47. Why should an ammeter have low resistance?
48. Why a voltmeter is always connected in parallel with a circuit?
49. Why should a voltmeter have high resistance?

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Topic : Moving Charges and Magnetism INSIGHT ACADEMY GADAG

NUMERICALS
50. A proton is moving with a velocity of 5×106 ms-1 in a direction perpendicular to a
magnetic field of strength 0.1 T. Find the force on the proton. Charge on proton =
1.6×10-19 C.
51. A solenoid has 1000 turns/m. A current of 5 A in flowing through it. Calculate the
magnetic field inside the solenoid.
52. A moving coil galvanometer has various particulars as n=30, B=0.25T, A =1.5×10-3
m² and k=10-3 N-m/deg. Determine the current sensitivity of the galvanometer.

3 MARK QUESTIONS
CONCEPT : OERSTED’S EXPERIMENT
1. Briefly describe Oersted’s experiment leading to the discovery of magnetic effect of
current.

CONCEPT : LORENTZ FORCE EQUATION (PARTICLE IN MAGNETIC FIELD)

2. On what factors the force experienced by a charged particle moving in a magnetic
field depends?
3. Write the three features observed at the interaction of a charged particle in the
presence of both the electric field and the magnetic field.
4. What is the nature of trajectory of a charged particle in a uniform magnetic field
with initial velocity at an angle (i) 0° (ii) 90° and (iii) in between 0° and 90°, with
the direction of the magnetic field?
5. Obtain the expression for radius of circular path described by a charged particle
in a uniform magnetic field.
6. Obtain the expression for the angular frequency of a charged particle moving in a
uniform transverse magnetic field.
7. What is pitch of helical path traversed by a charge particle moving in a uniform
magnetic field? Obtain an expression for it.

CONCEPT : FORCE ON CURRENT CARRYING CONDUCTOR

8. Derive the expression for the force acting on a conductor carrying current in a
uniform magnetic field.
9. On what factors force on current carrying conductor in magnetic field depends
upon?

CONCEPT : BIOT-SAVART’S LAW

10. State and explain of Biot-Savart’s law.
11. Give any three comparative differences between Biot-Savart’s law for magnetic
field and Coulomb’s law for electrostatic field.
12. Assuming the expression for the magnetic field at a point on the axis of a circular
current loop, obtain the expression for the magnetic field at the center of the loop.

CONCEPT: AMPERE’S CIRCUITAL LAW.

13. Derive the expression for the magnetic field due to a straight infinite current
carrying wire using Ampere’s circuit law.

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Topic : Moving Charges and Magnetism INSIGHT ACADEMY GADAG

CONCEPT : TORQUE ON CURRENT LOOP IN MAGNETIC FIELD

(MOVING COIL GALAVANOMETER)
14. Explain the magnetic dipole moment of a current loop.
15. Explain how a circular current loop behaves as a magnetic dipole.
16. Write any three factors on which the current sensitivity of a moving coil
galvanometer depends.
17. Write any three factors on which the voltage sensitivity of a moving coil
galvanometer depends.
18. Mention any three ways to increase the current sensitivity of moving coil
galvanometer?
19. Mention any three ways to increase the voltage sensitivity of moving coil
galvanometer?
20. Does the increase in current sensitivity increase voltage sensitivity? Explain.
21. Mention any three differences between ammeter and voltmeter.
22. Explain how to convert a galvanometer into an ammeter.
23. Explain how to convert a galvanometer into a voltmeter.

NUMERICALS
24. A straight wire of mass 200 g and length 1.5 m carries a current of 2 A. It is
suspended in mid-air by a uniform horizontal magnetic field. Calculate the
magnitude of the magnetic field.
25. A horizontal overhead power lines carries a current of 90 A in east to west
direction. What is the magnitude and direction of the magnetic field due to the
current 1.5 m below the line?
26. A current loop of area 20×10-4 m² carrying a current 0.2 A is placed at an angle of
60° with a magnetic field of strength 4×10-2 T. Calculate the torque exerted on it.

5 MARK QUESTIONS
CONCEPT : BIOT-SAVART’S LAW
1. Derive the expression for magnetic field at a point on the axis of a circular current
loop.

CONCEPT : FORCE BETWEEN CURRENT CARRYING CONDUCTORS

2. Derive the expression for the force between two long straight parallel conductors
carrying currents and hence define ampere.

CONCEPT : TORQUE ON CURRENT LOOP IN MAGNETIC FIELD

(MOVING COIL GALAVANOMETER)
3. Obtain the expression for the torque acting on a rectangular current loop placed
in a uniform magnetic field.

NUMERICALS
4. An electron beam passes through a magnetic field of 2×10-3 T and an electric field
of 3.4×104 V/m, both acting simultaneously. If the path of an electron remains
undeviated, calculate the speed of the electrons. If the electric field is removed,
what will be the radius of the circular path? Given, mass of electron = 9.1×10-31 kg
and charge of electron = 1.9 x 10-19 C.

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Topic : Moving Charges and Magnetism INSIGHT ACADEMY GADAG
𝜋
5. A straight wire of length 2 m is bent into a circular shape. O is the center of the
circle formed and P is a point on its axis which is at a distance 3 times the radius
from O. A current of 1 A is passed through it. Calculate the magnitude of the
magnetic field at the points O and P.
6. Two circular coils of mean radii 0.1 m and 0.05 m consisting of 5 turns and 10
turns respectively are arranged concentric to one another with their planes at
right angles to each other. If a current of 2 A is passed through each of them,
calculate the magnitude of the resultant magnetic field at their common centre.
7. Two straight parallel conductors of 2 m length are 0.2 m apart. Find the
magnitude of the force acting on the conductors if a current of 3 A flows through
each of them. Also find the force per unit length of the conductor.
8. A rectangular coil of length 0.25 m and breadth 0.1 carrying a current 12 A is
placed with its longer side parallel to a long straight conductor 0.02 m apart
carrying a current of 20 A. Calculate the net force on the coil.
9. A galvanometer of resistance 50 Ω requires a current of 2 mA for full scale
deflection. How do you convert it into (a) an ammeter of range 0-3 A and (b) a
voltmeter of range 0-5 V.

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Topic : Magnetism and Matter INSIGHT ACADEMY GADAG

2 MARK QUESTIONS
CONCEPT : MATTER MAGNETISM
1. Write any two properties of a bar magnet.

CONCEPT : MAGNETIC FIELD LINES

2. Can two magnetic field lines intersect each other? Justify your answer.
3. Draw magnetic field lines due to (a) Bar magnet and (b) Current carrying solenoid.

CONCEPT : ELECTROSTATICS AND MAGNETOSTATIC ANALOGY

4. Write the expression for the potential energy of a dipole placed in a uniform
magnetic field. Explain the terms.
5. When is the potential energy of a dipole in placed in a uniform magnetic field (i)
minimum (ii) maximum?
6. What are the conditions for (i) stable equilibrium and (ii) unstable equilibrium of a
compass needle in terms of its magnetic moment and the uniform magnetic field?
7. Write the expression for the torque on small magnetic needle in a uniform
magnetic field. Explain the terms.
8. Mention the two differences between Gauss law in magnetism and Gauss law in
electrostatics.

CONCEPT : MAGNETISM AND TERMINOLOGY

9. Define magnetization of a magnetic material. Mention its S.I unit
10. Define magnetic intensity. Give its S.I unit.
11. Define susceptibility of a magnetic substance. How are susceptibility and relative
permeability related to each other?

CONCEPT : MAGNETIC MATERIALS

12. What is diamagnetism? Give an example of a diamagnetic material.
13. What is Meissner’s effect? Which materials show this property?
14. Which materials show perfect diamagnetism? What is the value of magnetic
susceptibility for such substances?
15. What is paramagnetism? Give an example of a paramagnetic material.
16. Mention any two properties on which paramagnetic susceptibility of a
paramagnetic substance depends.
17. Draw the behavior of magnetic field lines near a (i) diamagnetic (ii) paramagnetic
substance.
18. What is ferromagnetism? Give an example of a ferromagnetic material.
19. Write any two differences between paramagnetic and ferromagnetic substances.
20. What are domains? What happens to the domain structure at large temperatures?
21. What are hard ferromagnets? Give an example.
22. What are soft ferromagnets? Give an example.

NUMERICALS
23. The magnetic susceptibility of a ferromagnetic substance is 1499. Find the relative
permeability and permeability of the substance.

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Topic : Magnetism and Matter INSIGHT ACADEMY GADAG

24. A short bar magnet placed with its axis at 30° with a uniform external magnetic
field of 0.25 T experiences a torque of magnitude equal to 4.5×10–2 Nm. What is
the magnitude of magnetic moment of the magnet?
25. A short bar magnet of magnetic moment m=0.32JT–1 is placed in a uniform
magnetic field of 0.15T. What is the potential energy of the magnet in (i) its stable
equilibrium position and (ii) its unstable equilibrium position?
26. A closely wound solenoid of 800 turns and area of cross section 2.5 × 10 −4 m2
carries a current of 3.0 A. What is its associated magnetic moment?

3 MARK QUESTIONS
CONCEPT : MAGNETIC FIELD LINES
1. Mention any three properties of magnetic field lines.

CONCEPT : ELECTROSTATICS AND MAGNETOSTATIC ANALOGY

2. State and explain Gauss’s law in magnetism. Write its significance.
3. Derive the expression for magnetic potential energy of a dipole placed in a uniform
magnetic field.

CONCEPT : MAGNETISM AND TERMINOLOGY

4. Derive the relation between magnetic field, magnetic intensity and magnetization.
5. Derive the relation between magnetic permeability and relative permeability.
6. Derive the relation between relative permeability and magnetic susceptibility.

CONCEPT : MAGNETIC MATERIALS

7. List any three properties of diamagnetic materials.
8. Write any three properties of paramagnetic materials.
9. Mention any three properties of ferromagnetic materials.
10. Differentiate between diamagnetic and paramagnetic materials.
11. Write any three differences between diamagnetic and ferromagnetic materials.

NUMERICALS
12. A solenoid has a core of a material with relative permeability 400. The windings of
the solenoid are insulated from the core and carry a current of 2 A. If the number
of turns is 1000 per metre, calculate (a) the magnetic intensity H, (b)
magnetization, M, and (c) the magnetic field inside the material B.
13. A bar magnet of magnetic moment 1.5 J T–1 lies aligned with the direction of a
uniform magnetic field of 0.22 T. What is the amount of work required by an
external torque to turn the magnet to align its magnetic moment: (i) normal to the
field direction, (ii) opposite to the field direction?
14. A closely wound solenoid of 2000 turns and area of cross-section 1.6×10–4 m2,
carrying a current of 4.0 A, is suspended through its centre allowing it to turn in a
horizontal plane. (a) What is the magnetic moment associated with the solenoid?
(b) What is the force and the magnitude of the torque on the solenoid if a uniform
horizontal magnetic field of 7.5×10–2 T is set up at an angle of 30° with the axis of
the solenoid?

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Topic : Electromagnetic Induction INSIGHT ACADEMY GADAG

2 MARK QUESTIONS
CONCEPT : MATTER FLUX
1. Define magnetic flux through a surface. Give its mathematical formula in vector
form.
2. An area A is placed in a uniform magnetic field such that the plane is making an
angle θ with the field. For what angle θ, is the magnetic flux through the surface
(a) maximum (b) minimum?

CONCEPT : FARADAY LAWS

3. Define electromagnetic induction and mention the S.I unit.
4. State and explain Faraday’s law of electromagnetic induction.

CONCEPT : LENZ LAW

5. State and explain Lenz’s law in electromagnetic induction.
6. Using Lenz law, mention the polarity of the induced emf in a circular coil when a
magnet is moved towards and away from the coil.

CONCEPT : MOTIONAL EMF

7. What is motional emf? Write the expression for it.

CONCEPT : SELF INDUCTION

8. Define (a) self induction and (b) self inductance
9. Mention an expression for self-inductance of a coil and explain the terms.
10. Why self inductance is inertia of electricity.

CONCEPT : MUTUAL INDUCTION

11. Define (a) mutual induction and (b) mutual inductance
12. Give the expression for mutual inductance induced between two co-axial solenoids
and explain the terms.

CONCEPT : GENERATOR
13. Name the working principle of AC generator
14. Draw a neat-labeled diagram of AC generator.
15. Write the instantaneous magnetic flux linked with coils of AC generator.
16. Write the instantaneous emf produced by of AC generator.
17. Write the instantaneous current produced by of AC generator.
18. At instant in AC generator if the magnetic flux linked with coil is minimum then
what is the emf produced?
19. Draw the graph between magnetic flux linked with coils and emf induced in coils
of AC generator.

NUMERICALS
20. The magnetic flux linked with a coil changes from 5×10-3 Wb to 3×10-3 Wb in 0.01
second. Calculate the magnitude of the induced emf in the coil.

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Topic : Electromagnetic Induction INSIGHT ACADEMY GADAG

21. A wheel with 10 metallic spokes each 0.5 m long is rotated with a speed of 120
revolutions per minute in a plane normal to the horizontal component of earth’s
magnetic field 0.4×10-4 T. What is the induced emf between the axle and the rim
of the wheel?
22. The pedals of a stationary bicycle are attached to a 100-turn coil of area 0.10 m 2.
The coil rotates at half a revolution per second and it is placed in a uniform
magnetic field of 0.01 T perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the coil. What is
the maximum voltage generated in the coil?
23. A vertical copper disc of diameter 20 cm makes 10 revolutions per second about a
horizontal axis passing through its center. A uniform magnetic field 10-2 T acts
perpendicular to the plane of the disc. Calculate the potential difference between
its center and rim.
24. The electric current in a coil of self-inductance 0.05 H changes from + 2 A to – 2 A
in a time interval of 0.1 s. Find the magnitude of the induced emf in the coil.
25. Current in a circuit falls from 5.0 A to 0.0 A in 0.1 s. If an average emf of 200 V
induced, give an estimate of the self-inductance of the circuit.
26. A pair of adjacent coils has a mutual inductance of 1.5 H. If the current in one coil
changes from 0 to 20 A in 0.5 s, what is the change of flux linkage with the other
coil? Assume no leakage of magnetic flux.
27. A coil of self-inductance stores an energy of 3.75 J when it carries a current of 5
A. Find the self-inductance of the coil.

3 MARK QUESTIONS
CONCEPT : FARADAY LAWS
1. Describe Faraday’s coil and magnet experiment to demonstrate the phenomena of
electromagnetic induction.
2. Explain Faraday’s coil and coil experiment to demonstrate the phenomena of
electromagnetic induction when there is a relative motion between the coils.
3. Explain Faraday’s coil and coil experiment to demonstrate that for phenomena of
electromagnetic induction relative motion between the coils is not necessary.

CONCEPT : MOTIONAL EMF

4. Derive the expression for motional emf in a conducting rod moving in uniform
magnetic field.

CONCEPT : SELF INDUCTION

5. Derive the expression for the coefficient of self-induction of a coil.
6. Mention any three factors on which the self-inductance of a coil depends.
7. Obtain the expression for energy stored in an inductor.

CONCEPT : MUTUAL INDUCTION

8. Obtain the expression for co-efficient of mutual inductance between two co-axial
solenoids.
9. Mention any three factors on which the mutual inductance between a pair of coil
depends.

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Topic : Electromagnetic Induction INSIGHT ACADEMY GADAG

CONCEPT : GENERATOR
10. Explain the working of an AC generator with a neat-labeled diagram.
11. Derive an expression for the instantaneous emf generated in n ac generator
OR Discuss the theory of AC generator OR Derive an expression for the
instantaneous current generated in n ac generator.

NUMERICALS
12. The magnetic flux through a coil of 10 turns changes with time as
Φ(t) = t 2 − 2t + 4 Wb . Find the magnitude of the induced emf at t = 3 s.
13. A square loop of side 10 cm and resistance 0.5 Ω is placed vertically in the east-
west plane. A uniform magnetic field of 0.10 T is set up across the plane in the
north-east direction. The magnetic field is decreased to zero in 0.70 s at a steady
rate. Determine the magnitudes of induced emf and current during this time-
interval.
14. The magnetic field inside a coil of length 0.5 m and area of cross section 100 cm2
is 1.585 × 10-3 T. What is the magnetic energy density inside the coil? Also,
calculate the magnetic energy stored by the coil.
15. A circular coil of radius 10 cm, 500 turns and resistance 2 Ω is placed with its
plane perpendicular to the horizontal component of the earth’s magnetic field. It is
rotated about its vertical diameter through 180° in 0.25 s. Estimate the
magnitudes of the emf and current induced in the coil. Horizontal component of
the earth’s magnetic field at the place is 3.0×10–5 T.
16. A long solenoid with 15 turns per cm has a small loop of area 2.0 cm2 placed
inside the solenoid normal to its axis. If the current carried by the solenoid
changes steadily from 2.0 A to 4.0 A in 0.1 s, what is the induced emf in the loop
while the current is changing? If the loop has a resistance of 5×10-3 Ω, what is the
power dissipated across it?
17. A rectangular wire loop of sides 8 cm and 2 cm with a small cut is moving out of a
region of uniform magnetic field of magnitude 0.3 T directed normal to the loop.
What is the emf developed across the cut if the velocity of the loop is 1 cm s–1 in a
direction normal to the (a) longer side, (b) shorter side of the loop? For how long
does the induced voltage last in each case?
18. A horizontal straight wire 10 m long extending from east to west is falling with a
speed of 5.0 m s–1, at right angles to the horizontal component of the earth’s
magnetic field, 0.30×10–4 Wb m–2.
a) What is the instantaneous value of the emf induced in the wire?
b) What is the direction of the emf?
c) Which end of the wire is at the higher electrical potential?

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Topic : Alternating Current INSIGHT ACADEMY GADAG

2 MARK QUESTIONS
CONCEPT : AC Basics
1. Write the instantaneous equation for alternating current.
2. Write the instantaneous equation for alternating voltage.
3. Write the equation for average value of alternating current.
4. Write the equation for rms/effective value of alternating current.
5. Write the equation for average value of alternating voltage.
6. Write the equation for rms/effective value of alternating voltage.
7. Define the average value of alternating current.
8. Define the rms value of alternating current.

CONCEPT : AC CONTAINING PURE RESISTOR

9. An AC source of voltage is connected to a resistor. Write the instantaneous
equation for sinusoidal voltage and alternating current.
10. An AC source of voltage is connected to a resistor. Write the instantaneous
equation for power consumption.
11. An AC source of voltage is connected to a resistor. Write the equation for average
power consumption over a cycle.
12. An AC source of voltage is connected to a resistor. Draw phasor diagram and the
sinusoidal voltage –current waveforms for the circuit.

CONCEPT : AC CONTAINING PURE INDUCTOR

13. An AC source of voltage is connected to an inductor. Write the instantaneous
equation for sinusoidal voltage and alternating current.
14. An AC source of voltage is connected to inductor. Write the instantaneous
equation for power consumption.
15. An AC source of voltage is connected to an inductor. Draw phasor diagram and
the sinusoidal voltage –current waveforms for the circuit.
16. What is inductive reactance? How does it vary with the frequency of ac?

CONCEPT : AC CONTAINING PURE CAPACITOR

17. An AC source of voltage is connected to a capacitor. Write the instantaneous
equation for sinusoidal voltage and alternating current.
18. An AC source of voltage is connected to inductor. Write the instantaneous
equation for power consumption.
19. An AC source of voltage is connected to a capacitor. Draw phasor diagram and the
sinusoidal voltage –current waveforms for the circuit.
20. What is capacitive reactance? How does it vary with the frequency of ac?

CONCEPT : AC CONTAINING PURE RESISTOR, INDUCTOR, CAPACITOR

21. What is the phase difference between the current and the voltage in the case of a
(i) purely resistive circuit and (ii) purely capacitive circuit?
22. Write any two differences between inductive reactance and capacitive reactance.
23. Define (i) inductive reactance and (ii) capacitive reactance and (iii) susceptance.
24. Name the S.I unit of (i) reactance and (ii) susceptance

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Topic : Alternating Current INSIGHT ACADEMY GADAG

CONCEPT : LCR SERIES CIRCUIT

25. An AC source of voltage is connected to a LCR circuit. Write the instantaneous
equation for sinusoidal voltage and alternating current.
26. An AC source of voltage is connected to a LCR circuit. Write the expression for the
phase difference between the current and the voltage.
27. Draw impedance diagram for a series LCR circuit. Write the expression for the
phase difference between the current and the voltage.
28. Define (i) Impedance and (ii) Admittance
29. Name the S.I unit of (i) Impedance and (ii) Admittance
30. An AC source of voltage is connected to a LCR circuit. Write the expression for the
impedance.

CONCEPT : LCR SERIES CIRCUIT IN RESONANCE

31. What is resonance of a series LCR circuit? Mention one application of resonance
in series LCR circuits.
32. What is resonance of a series LCR circuit? Write the expression for resonant
frequency.
33. Define (i) Band width and (ii) Quality factor
34. Write expression for (i) Band width and (ii) Quality factor
35. Define half power frequency. Write expression for lower and upper half power
frequency.
36. Define power factor and write expression for it.
37. What is half power frequency? What is the value of current at half power of LCR
circuit?
38. What is quality factor? Write expression for it in terms of R, L and C

CONCEPT : LCR SERIES CIRCUIT (NON-RESONANCE AND RESONANCE)

39. An AC source of voltage is connected to a LCR circuit. Write the instantaneous
equation for sinusoidal voltage and alternating current in case of
a) Circuit is given any frequency other than resonance frequency
b) Circuit is in resonance
40. An AC source of voltage is connected to a LCR circuit. What is the value of
impedance when LCR
a) Circuit is given any frequency other than resonance frequency
b) Circuit is in resonance
41. An AC source of voltage is connected to a LCR circuit. Write the equation for
power when LCR
c) Circuit is given any frequency other than resonance frequency
d) Circuit is in resonance
42. How do you decide that LCR circuit is (i) Inductive dominant and (ii) Capacitive
dominant?

CONCEPT : TRANSFORMER
43. What is a transformer? What is its working principle?
44. Give any two differences between step-up transformer and step-down transformer.

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Topic : Alternating Current INSIGHT ACADEMY GADAG

45. Give any two sources of power loss in transformer.

46. Give any two measures to minimize the power loss in transformer.
47. With neat label diagram, explain the construction of transformer.
48. Write the expression for primary and secondary potential difference of transformer
49. Write the expression for primary and secondary current of transformer.

NUMERICALS
50. Alternating current is represented by the equation i = 10 sin(314t) A . Find the
value of frequency of AC.
51. The voltage across a resistor varies with time as V = 100 sin(50t) V . Calculate the
value of the rms voltage.
52. Find the capacitive reactance of an ac circuit of frequency 100Hz. Given C=32 μF.
53. In an inductive ac circuit, the value of inductance is 0.2 H and the frequency of ac
is 50 Hz. Calculate the inductive reactance.
54. In a series LCR circuit, the rms voltages across L, C and R are 50V, 10V and 40V
respectively. What is the value of the input rms voltage?
55. The phase difference between the voltage and the current in an ac circuit is 60°.
Find the phase power factor for the circuit.
56. Find the resonant frequency for a series LCR circuit with L = 0.5 H and C = 8 μF.
57. For a series LCR circuit with L = 0.5 H and C = 8 μF and R = 10 Ω. If the applied
rms voltage is 50 V, what is the average power dissipated by the circuit at
resonance?
58. The turns ratio in a transformer is 50. If the voltage across the primary of the
𝑁
transformer is 220 V, what is the voltage across its secondary? (Hint : (𝑁2 = 50)
1

59. A power transmission line feeds input power at 2300 V to a step down transformer
with its primary windings having 4000 turns. What should be the number of
turns in the secondary in order to get output power at 230 V?

NUMERICALS ( 3 Mark )
60. A light bulb is rated at 100W for a 220 V supply. Find (a) the resistance of the
bulb; (b) the peak voltage of the source; and (c) the rms current through the bulb.
61. The rms voltage and the rms current through an ac circuit are 50 V and 2 A
respectively. If the average power across the circuit is 50 W, what is the phase
difference between the voltage and the current?
62. A pure inductor of 25.0 mH is connected to a source of 220 V. Find the inductive
reactance and rms current in the circuit if the frequency of the source is 50 Hz.
63. An L-C-R series circuit is connected to an external emf ε = 200 (sin 100πt) V. The
values of the capacitance and resistance in the circuit are 1μF and 100Ω
respectively. Find the inductance for which current in the circuit is maximum.

NUMERICALS ( 5 Mark )
64. A 50Ω resistor, 0.5H inductor and 200μF capacitor are connected in series with
220V and 50Hz source. Find the impedance of the circuit and hence the current.
65. A 15.0μF capacitor is connected to a 220V, 50Hz source. Find the capacitive
reactance and the current (rms and peak) in the circuit. If the frequency is
doubled, what happens to the current?

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Topic : Alternating Current INSIGHT ACADEMY GADAG

66. A resistor of 200W and a capacitor of 15.0mF are connected in series to a 220V,
50Hz ac source. (a) Calculate the current in the circuit; (b) Calculate the voltage
(rms) across the resistor and the capacitor.
67. A current of 4 A flows in a coil when connected to a 12V d.c. source. If the same
coil is connected to 12V, 50Hz a.c. source, a current of 2.4A flows in the circuit.
Calculate the self-inductance of the coil.
68. A resistance of 10Ω is connected in series with an inductor of inductance 0.5H.
These two are connected to 200V, 50Hz a.c. source. Calculate the capacitance
that should be put in series with the combination to obtain the maximum current.
Also, find the current through the circuit.
69. A source of 220V, 40Hz is connected to a series combination of 6Ω resistor, 0.01H
inductor. Calculate the phase angle and the power factor of the circuit.
70. A sinusoidal voltage of peak value 283V and frequency 50Hz is applied to a series
LCR circuit in which R = 3Ω, L = 25.48mH, and C = 796mF. Find (a) the
impedance of the circuit; (b) the phase difference between the voltage across the
source and the current; (c) the power dissipated in the circuit; and (d) the power
factor.
71. A LCR circuit connected is to a variable frequency 230 V source. L = 5.0H, C =
80μF, R = 40Ω. (a) Determine the source frequency that drives the circuit in
resonance. (b) Obtain the impedance of the circuit and the amplitude of current at
the resonating frequency. (c) Determine the rms potential drops across the three
elements of the circuit.
72. In a step-down transformer having primary to secondary turns ratio 20:1, the
input voltage applied is 250V and output current is 8A. Assuming 100% efficiency
calculate (i) voltage across the secondary coil, (ii) current in primary coil (iii)
output power.
73. An LCR circuit contains resistance of 100Ω and supply of 200V at 300rad/sec. If
only capacitance is taken out from the circuit and the rest of the circuit is joined,
current lags behind the voltage by 60°. If on the other hand, only inductor is
taken out, the current leads by 60° with applied voltage. Find the current flowing
in the circuit.
74. A bulb of 60V, 10W is connected with 100V, 60Hz ac source with an inductance
coil in series. If bulb illuminates with its full intensity then calculate the value of
self-inductance of coil.
75. One 80V, 50W bulb is to be connected to 100V, 50Hz ac line. A suitable capacitor
is connected in series with the bulb so that the bulb glows with its full intensity.
Find the value of the capacitance of the capacitor.

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Topic : Electromagnetic Waves INSIGHT ACADEMY GADAG

2 MARK QUESTIONS
1. Write Ampere-Maxwell’s equation and explain the terms.
2. Write Gauss law of electrostatics equation and explain the terms.
3. Write Gauss law of magnetism equation and explain the terms.
4. Write Faraday’s laws of electromagnetic induction equation and explain the terms.
5. Write the expression for displacement current and explain the terms.
6. What is displacement current? Write the expression for speed of light in vacuum
in terms of permittivity and permeability.
7. Give any two properties of electromagnetic waves.
8. Give any two applications of x-rays.
9. Give any two applications of uv-rays.
10. Give any two applications of IR-rays.
11. Give any two uses of micro waves.
12. Mention any two uses of radio waves.
13. Name the electromagnetic waves used for the following applications.
(a) The radar systems used in aircraft navigation.
(b) The remote switches of household electronic systems such as TV.

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Topic : Dual Nature of Radiations INSIGHT ACADEMY GADAG

2 MARK QUESTIONS
1. On what factors the work function of the metal depend?
2. Define electron volt. Write its value.
3. Mention the different types of electron emission
4. Explain the Hertz observation on photoelectric effect.
5. Explain the Hallwach’s observation on photoelectric effect.
6. Explain the Lenard’s observation on photoelectric effect.
7. Write Einstein’s equation of photoelectric effect and explain the terms
8. Define (a) Threshold frequency and (b) Work function.
9. Show graphically how the photocurrent varies with stopping potential for different
frequencies but same intensity of incident radiation.
10. Show the variation of stopping potential with frequency of the incident radiation
graphically
11. How does photocurrent and stopping potential depends on intensity of incident
radiation in photoelectric effect.
12. Find the maximum frequency of X-rays produced by 30kV electrons.
13. Calculate the stopping potential of electrons emitted from cesium metal if
maximum kinetic energy is 0.346eV.
14. The photoelectric cut off voltage in a certain experiment is 1.5V. What is the
maximum kinetic energy of photoelectrons emitted?
15. a) Who proposed the dual nature of matter?
b) What are matter waves?
16. Calculate the de Broglie wavelength associated with an electron moving with a
speed of 2×105 ms-1.
Given h = 6.625 × 10-34 Js and mass of electron m = 9.1 × 10-31kg
17. Mention the equation for de-Broglie’s wavelength of matter waves of a moving
particle and explain the terms.
18. Write the expression for de-Broglie’s wavelength in terms of energy.
19. Write the expression for de-Broglie’s wavelength in terms of potential.
20. What is the condition for potential and glancing angle in Davison’s and Germer
experiment where constructive interference occurs?
21. State and explain the Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle.

3 MARK QUESTIONS
22. Explain briefly the Hallwach’s experimental observation on photoelectric effect.
23. Explain briefly the Lenard’s experimental observations on photoelectric effect.
24. With a neat diagram, describe an experiment to study the photoelectric effect.
25. Write the experimental observation of photoelectric effect.
26. Define the terms: i) Photoelectric saturation current ii) Threshold frequency
iii) Stopping potential
27. Using Einstein’s photoelectric equation, explain the experimental results of
photoelectric effect.
28. Write the laws of photoelectric effect.
29. Write any three properties of photon.
30. An alpha particle, a proton and an electron are moving with equal kinetic energy.
Which one of these particles has the longest de-Broglie wavelength? Give reason.
31. The work function of certain metal is 4.2eV. Will this metal give photoelectric
emission for incident radiation of wavelength 330nm?
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Topic : Dual Nature of Radiations INSIGHT ACADEMY GADAG

32. The work function of caesium metal is 2.14eV. When light of frequency 6×1014 Hz
is incident on the metal surface, photoemission of electrons occurs. Find
a) Energy of incident photon b)Maximum kinetic energy of photoelectrons.
33. Light of frequency 2.4×1014 Hz is incident on a metal surface. Electrons with their
maximum speed of 7.5×105 ms-1 are ejected from the surface. Calculate the
threshold frequency of the metal surface for the photoemission of electrons and
work function of the metal surface. Given: Planck’s constant h = 6.625×10-34 Js
and mass of electron m = 9.1×10-31 kg.
34. A monochromatic source of light of power 36W emits photons of wavelength
589nm. Calculate (a) Energy of photon emitted by the source (b) Number of
photons emitted by the source in one second
35. Light of frequency 7.21×1014 Hz is incident on a metal surface. The cut-off
wavelength for photoelectric emission from the metal surface is 540nm. Calculate
the speed of the photoelectrons emitted from the surface. Given: Planck’s constant
h = 6.625×10-34 Js and mass of electron m = 9.1×10-31 kg.
36. When light of wavelength 400nm is incident on a photosensitive surface, the
stopping potential for the photoelectrons emitted is found to be 0.96V. When light
of wavelength 500nm is incident on the same photosensitive surface, the stopping
potential is found to be 0.34V. Calculate the Planck’s constant.
Given: speed of light in vacuum is 3×108 ms-1 and electronic charge e=1.6×10-19C.

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Topic : Atoms INSIGHT ACADEMY GADAG

2 MARK QUESTIONS
CONCEPT : ATOMIC MODELS
1. Mention the different types of atomic model.
2. Explain J J Thomson’s plum pudding model on atomic structure.
3. What are merits of J J Thomson’s plum pudding model on atomic structure?
4. What are demerits of J J Thomson’s plum pudding model on atomic structure?
5. Explain the Rutherford’s model on atomic structure.
6. What are experimental observations of alpha scattering experiment?
7. What are conclusions drawn by Rutherford from experimental observations of
alpha scattering experiment?
8. What are merits of Rutherford’s model on atomic structure?
9. What are demerits of Rutherford’s model on atomic structure?
10. Draw the trajectories traced by different alpha particles in Geiger–Marsden
experiment.
11. Write expression for impact parameter.
12. Write expression for distance of closet approach.

CONCEPT : BOHR’S ATOMIC MODEL

13. Write the two limitations of Bohr’s atom model.
14. What is Bohr radius? Write its formula.
15. Mention the expression for radius of the nth stationary orbit of hydrogen atom.
Explain its terms.
16. Mention the expression for kinetic energy of the nth stationary orbit of hydrogen
atom. Explain its terms.
17. Mention the expression for potential energy of the nth stationary orbit of hydrogen
atom. Explain its terms.
18. Mention the expression for energy of the nth stationary orbit of hydrogen atom.
Explain its terms.
19. What does the negative sign in total energy of the electron signifies? What
happens if total energy is positive?
20. What is the energy for highest energy state in H atom? How does energy states
arranged as principal quantum number increases.

CONCEPT : EXCITATION AND IONIZATION

21. Define (a) Excitation and (b) Ionization.
22. Define (a) Excitation energy and (b) Ionization energy.
23. Define (a) Excitation potential and (b) Ionization potential.
24. What is ionization energy of an electron? Give its value for ground state of H atom.
25. Calculate the energy required to excite an electron from ground state to second
excited state.

CONCEPT : ENERGY TRANSITION

26. Write the expression for wave number when electron excite from one state of
energy to another state of energy.
27. Write the expression for Rydberg’s formula.

3 MARK QUESTIONS
28. Define impact parameter. What are the angle of scattering for a) minimum impact
parameter; b) larger impact parameter
29. Write the three postulates of Bohr’s atom model
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Topic : Atoms INSIGHT ACADEMY GADAG

30. Give De-Broglie’s explanation of Bohr’s second postulate of quantization of

angular momentum
31. Draw the neat diagram representing the Schematic arrangement of Geiger-
Marsden setup for the alpha particle scattering.
32. Draw neat labeled diagram for energy level of H atom.
33. A Hydrogen atom initially in the ground level absorbs a photon, which excites it to
the n = 4 level. Determine the wavelength and frequency of photon.
34. It is found experimentally that 13.6eV energy is required to separate a hydrogen
atom into a proton and an electron. Compute the orbital radius and the velocity of
the electron in a hydrogen atom.
35. In a Geiger Marsden experiment, what is the distance of closest approach to the
nucleus of a 7.7 MeV, α-particle before it comes momentarily to rest and reverses
its direction?
36. The electron in a given Bohr orbit has a total energy of – 1.5 eV.
Calculate its a) kinetic energy b) potential energy c) wavelength of emitted light,
when the electron makes a transition to the ground state.
Given: Ground state energy = – 13.6 eV.

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Topic : Nuclei INSIGHT ACADEMY GADAG

2 MARK QUESTIONS
1. What are isotopes? Give an example.
2. What are isobars? Give an example.
3. What are isotones? Give an example.
4. Write the expression for mass defect. Explain the terms.
5. What is nuclear binding energy? Explain.
6. What is meant by binding energy per nucleon/specific binding energy? Explain.
7. Nuclear forces are strongest forces in nature. Why?
8. What are controlled and uncontrolled chain reactions?
9. What is a controlled thermonuclear fusion? Explain.
10. What is the radius of a nucleus of mass number 27? Given R0=1.2 f m.

3 MARK QUESTIONS
11. Write the names and formula of isotopes of hydrogen.
12. Show that 1 atomic mass unit (u) = 1.66 × 10-27 kg
13. How the size of the nucleus is experimentally determined? Explain.
14. Explain Einstein’s mass-energy relation.
15. Draw a graph showing the variation of potential energy as a function of their
separation. What is the significance of negative potential energy in this graph?
16. What is nuclear fission? Explain with example.
17. What is nuclear fusion? Explain with example.
18. Explain the features of binding energy curve.
19. Distinguish between nuclear fission and nuclear fusion.
20. What is a nuclear force? Write any three characteristics of nuclear force.
21. Two nuclei have mass numbers in the ratio 8 : 125. What is the ratio of their
nuclear radii?
22. Calculate the mass defect of oxygen nucleus ( 168𝑂 ) using the following data in
Mev: Mass of proton =1.007825 u; Mass of neutron =1.008665 u; Mass of oxygen
nucleus = 15.995, u
23. Mass defect of chlorine ( 3517𝐶𝑙 ) nucleus is 0.31092 u. Calculate binding energy
and binding energy per nucleon of a chlorine nucleus.
24. Calculate the binding energy per nucleon of the nucleus ( 209 83𝐵𝑖 ), given that
nuclear mass of Bi is 208.980388u, mass of proton = 1.007825u, mass of neutron
= 1.008665u.
25. Calculate energy released in joule when 2 gram of ( U 235 ) undergoes fission
completely as per the following equation.
235 1 141 92
92U + 0n → 56Ba + 36Kr + 3 10n + Energy
Given: rest mass of ( U 235 ) = 235.044u; rest mass of ( Ba141 ) = 140.920u; rest
mass of ( Kr 92 ) = 91.885u; rest mass of ( 10n ) = 1.009u.
26. How long can an electric lamp of 100W be kept glowing by fusion of 2.0 kg
deuterium? The fusion reaction can be taken
2
1H + 21H → 3
2He + 10n + 3.27 MeV

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Topic : Semiconductor Electronics INSIGHT ACADEMY GADAG

2 MARK QUESTIONS
1. Write two advantages of semiconductor devices over vacuum tubes.
2. Explain the formation of energy bands in solid.
3. What is forbidden energy band? Explain
4. What is a semiconductor? Give an example.
5. Name the types of semiconductors.
6. What is an intrinsic semiconductor? Give an example.
7. Draw the energy band diagram of an intrinsic semiconductor.
8. What is meant by doping? What are dopants?
9. Name two types of extrinsic semiconductors.
10. Explain how a hole in a semiconductor is formed?
11. Why majority charge carriers increase on doping a pure semiconductor?
12. Draw the energy band diagram of p-type semiconductor.
13. Draw the energy band diagram of n-type semiconductor.
14. Mention two important processes occur during the formation of p-n junction.
15. Give the circuit symbol of a p-n junction diode. Mention the significance of arrow
in it.
16. What happens to the width of depletion layer of a p-n junction diode when it is
(i) forward biased and (ii) reverse biased?
17. What is the resistance of an ideal diode when (i) forward biased and (ii) reverse
biased?
18. Under what condition does a p-n junction diode work as (i) a closed switch and (ii)
an open switch.

3 MARK QUESTIONS
19. What is the order of the resistivity in a (i) conductor (ii) semiconductor (iii)
insulator.
20. Define valence band, conduction band and energy gap.
21. Classify conductors, semiconductors and insulators on the basis of energy gap.
22. What is the order of the energy gap in a (i) conductor (ii) semiconductor and (iii)
insulator.
23. Distinguish between intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductor.
24. Explain how a p-type semiconductor obtained from an intrinsic semiconductor.
25. Explain how a n-type semiconductor obtained from an intrinsic semiconductor.
26. Distinguish between n-type and p-type type semiconductor.
27. Explain the working of p-n junction diode when it is in forward bias.
28. Explain the working of p-n junction diode when it is in reverse bias.
29. How is forward biasing different from reverse biasing in a p-n junction diode?
30. Define the terms (i) cut in voltage (ii) breakdown voltage and (iii) reverse saturation
current.

5 MARK QUESTIONS
31. Explain the construction and formation of a p-n junction.
32. Draw the I-V characteristics of p-n junction diode and hence discuss the
resistance of the junction in both forward bias and reverse bias conditions.
33. What is rectifier? Describe with a circuit diagram, the working of a semiconductor
diode as a half wave rectifier. Draw input and output waveforms.
34. What is rectification? Describe with a circuit diagram, the working of a
semiconductor diode as a full wave rectifier. Draw input and output waveforms.

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