Name: Muhammed Jemal ID No: GSE/7778/09 Roll number 22
Finite element method of structural analysis Assignment 1 Solution
Assignment 1 Solution
Given Data’s
Solution
1. Drive the governing differential equation of motion (SF)?
The differential equation for the bar is obtained from the equilibrium of internal forces p(x) and external surface loads actin on
the body in the axial (along the x-axis) direction.
Consider equilibrium of a segment of the bar the x-axis as shown in the figure below.
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AAIT 1
Name: Muhammed Jemal ID No: GSE/7778/09 Roll number 22
Finite element method of structural analysis Assignment 1 Solution
Apply equilibrium equation
Rearranging the terms in the above and dividing by ’dx’, yields.
Take the limit of the above equation as dx goes to zero.
This is the equilibrium equation expressed in terms of the internal force p. The stress is given by
From Hook’s law
The governing differential equation is
m
2. Find the analytical (exact) solution of DE, i.e, u(x)=?
Governing differential equation
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AAIT 2
Name: Muhammed Jemal ID No: GSE/7778/09 Roll number 22
Finite element method of structural analysis Assignment 1 Solution
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AAIT 3
Name: Muhammed Jemal ID No: GSE/7778/09 Roll number 22
Finite element method of structural analysis Assignment 1 Solution
3. Use the FEM to determine the numerical solution by dividing the bar into five equal segments (finite elements)
respectively as follows:
2N5 (2 –nodded and 3-noded -5 elements, respectively)
3.1. 2-noded ,5–elements
i. Discretize the element
ii. Select a displacement function and determine the shape functions
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AAIT 4
Name: Muhammed Jemal ID No: GSE/7778/09 Roll number 22
Finite element method of structural analysis Assignment 1 Solution
A
AAIT 5
Name: Muhammed Jemal ID No: GSE/7778/09 Roll number 22
Finite element method of structural analysis Assignment 1 Solution
iii. Strain /displacement and stress/strain relationship
The strain and strain displacement matrix are given by ,and respectively.
From Hooks law
iv. Drive Element Stiffness matrix and equations.
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AAIT 6
Name: Muhammed Jemal ID No: GSE/7778/09 Roll number 22
Finite element method of structural analysis Assignment 1 Solution
*1E3
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AAIT 7
Name: Muhammed Jemal ID No: GSE/7778/09 Roll number 22
Finite element method of structural analysis Assignment 1 Solution
*1E3
Assembled global stiffness matrix is given by
v. Determine the nodal forces on each element
The matrix of the nodal body forces is obtained by adding the contributions from the distributed loading ‘q’ and the point force P.
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AAIT 8
Name: Muhammed Jemal ID No: GSE/7778/09 Roll number 22
Finite element method of structural analysis Assignment 1 Solution
vi. Determine the displacement at each node
F=KU
From the boundary conditions the displacement at x=L is zero=0.
U=K-1*F
The operation is done using GNU Octave and the corresponding displacement values are
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AAIT 9
Name: Muhammed Jemal ID No: GSE/7778/09 Roll number 22
Finite element method of structural analysis Assignment 1 Solution
Once the nodal displacements have been calculated, the displacement field can be obtained by multiplying the shape function with
the displacement fields in metre
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AAIT 10
Name: Muhammed Jemal ID No: GSE/7778/09 Roll number 22
Finite element method of structural analysis Assignment 1 Solution
3.2. 3-noded ,5–elements
i. Discretize the element
ii. Select a displacement function and determine the shape functions
The displacement functions can be determined using the Lagrange’s interpolation
a. Element 1
b. Element 2
c. Element 3
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AAIT 11
Name: Muhammed Jemal ID No: GSE/7778/09 Roll number 22
Finite element method of structural analysis Assignment 1 Solution
d. Element 4
e. Element 5
iii. Strain /displacement and stress/strain relationship
The strain and strain displacement matrix are given by ,and respectively.
From Hooks law
a. Element 1
b. Element 2
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AAIT 12
Name: Muhammed Jemal ID No: GSE/7778/09 Roll number 22
Finite element method of structural analysis Assignment 1 Solution
c. Element 3
d. Element 4
e. Element 5
iv. Drive Element Stiffness matrix and equations.
a. Element 1
b. Element 2
c. Element 3
d. Element 4
e. Element 5
v. Assembled global stiffness matrix
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AAIT 13
Name: Muhammed Jemal ID No: GSE/7778/09 Roll number 22
Finite element method of structural analysis Assignment 1 Solution
vi. Determine the nodal forces on each element
The matrix of the nodal body forces is obtained by adding the contributions from the distributed loading ‘q’ and the point force P.
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AAIT 14
Name: Muhammed Jemal ID No: GSE/7778/09 Roll number 22
Finite element method of structural analysis Assignment 1 Solution
vii. Determine the displacement at each node
F=KU
From the boundary conditions the displacement at x=L is zero=0.
U=K-1*F
The operation is done using GNU Octave and the corresponding displacement values are
A
AAIT 15
Name: Muhammed Jemal ID No: GSE/7778/09 Roll number 22
Finite element method of structural analysis Assignment 1 Solution
Once the nodal displacements have been calculated, the displacement field can be obtained by multiplying the shape function with
the displacement fields
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AAIT 16
Name: Muhammed Jemal ID No: GSE/7778/09 Roll number 22
Finite element method of structural analysis Assignment 1 Solution
4. Lisa solution with 5 elements, each having uniform area at the center
Inputs
2.12E+1
E= 1 N/m2
P= 220000 N
q= 2200 N/m
X(m) A(m2)
0.00205
0.22 1
0.00348
0.66 1
0.00372
1.1 1
0.00396
1.54 9
0.00422
2.52 5
Bar modeling in LISA
The displacements in x direction and tensile force obtained from LISA are tabulated as shown below.
Node X(m) Y Z Displacement in X (mm)
1 0 0 0 -1.086381737
2 0.44 0 0 -0.731401066
3 1.32 0 0 -0.505286559
4 1.76 0 0 -0.491640765
5 2.2 0 0 -0.290238296
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AAIT 17
Name: Muhammed Jemal ID No: GSE/7778/09 Roll number 22
Finite element method of structural analysis Assignment 1 Solution
Tensile Force
Node X(m) Y Z (N)
1 0 0 0 220078.4
2 0.44 0 0 221568
3 .88 0 0 223136
4 1.32 0 0 224704
5 1.76 0 0 226272
5. Compute the TPE of each case
2-Noded (5-element)
Now that we have derived the bar stiffness matrix by using the theorem of minimum
potential energy, we can observe that the strain energy U.
Using the above expression the strain energy is computed using GNU OCTAVE.
U = 0.041744 kNm
3-Noded (5-element)
Now that we have derived the bar stiffness matrix by using the theorem of minimum
potential energy, we can observe that the strain energy U.
Using the above expression the strain energy is computed using GNU OCTAVE.
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AAIT 18
Name: Muhammed Jemal ID No: GSE/7778/09 Roll number 22
Finite element method of structural analysis Assignment 1 Solution
[Link] code is done for ploting
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AAIT 19
Name: Muhammed Jemal ID No: GSE/7778/09 Roll number 22
Finite element method of structural analysis Assignment 1 Solution
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AAIT 20
