4.
Using Boolean identities, reduce the given Boolean expression:
F(X, Y, Z) = X′Y + YZ′ + YZ + XY′Z′
Solution:
Given,F(X, Y, Z) = X′Y + YZ′ + YZ + XY′Z′
Using the idempotent law, we can write YZ’ = YZ’ + YZ’
⇒ F(X, Y, Z) = X′Y+(YZ′+YZ′)+YZ + XY′Z′
Now, interchange the second and third term, we get
⇒ F(X, Y, Z) = X′Y+(YZ′+YZ)+(YZ′+XY′Z′)
By using distributive law,
⇒ F(X, Y, Z) = X′Y+Y(Z′+Z)+Z′(Y+XY′)
Using Z’ + Z = 1 and absorption law (Y + XY’)= (Y + X),
⇒ F(X, Y, Z) = X′Y+Y.1+Z′(Y+X)
⇒ F(X, Y, Z) = X′Y+Y+Z′(Y+X) [Since Y.1 = Y ]
⇒ F(X, Y, Z) = Y(X′+1)+Z′(Y+X)
⇒ F(X, Y, Z) = Y.1+Z′(Y+X) [ As (X’ + 1) = 1 ]
⇒ F(X, Y, Z) = Y +Z′(Y+X) [ As, Y.1 = Y ]
⇒ F(X, Y, Z) = Y+YZ’+XZ’
⇒ F(X, Y, Z) = Y(1+Z′)+XZ′
⇒ F(X, Y, Z) = Y.1+XZ′ [Since (1 + Z’) = 1]
⇒ F(X, Y, Z) = Y+XZ′ [Since Y.1 = Y]
Hence, the simplified form of the given Boolean expression is F(X, Y, Z) =
Y+XZ′.
5. Reduce the following Boolean expression: F(P ,Q, R)=(P+Q)
(P+R)
Solution:
Given, F(P ,Q, R)=(P+Q)(P+R)
Using distributive law,
⇒ F(P, Q, R) = P.P + P.R +Q.P + Q.R
Using Idempotent law,
⇒ F(P, Q, R) = P + P.R +Q.P + Q.R
Again using distributive law, we get
⇒ F(P, Q, R) = P(1+R) + Q.P + Q.R
Using dominance law, we can write
⇒ F(P, Q, R) = P + Q.P + Q.R
Again using distributive law, we get
⇒ F(P, Q, R) = (P+1).P+ Q.R
Therefore, using dominance law, we can get the reduced form as follows:
⇒ F(P, Q, R) = 1.P+Q.R
⇒ F(P, Q, R) = P+Q.R
Hence, the reduced form of F(P, Q, R) = (P+Q)(P+R) is F(P, Q, R) = P+Q.R.
Also, check: Distributive Property
6. What is the equivalent expression for the Boolean expression
x’y’z +yz+ xz?
Solution:
Answer: z
Given Boolean expression: x’y’z +yz+ xz
x’y’z +yz+ xz = z(x’y’+y+x)
Now, apply distributive law for the first two terms inside the bracket.
x’y’z +yz+ xz = z[(x’+y) (y+y’)+ x]
x’y’z +yz+ xz = z [(x’ + y) . 1 + x] [Since A+A’ = 1]
x’y’z +yz+ xz = z [x’ + y + x]
Further x+x’ = 1
So, x’y’z +yz+ xz = z(1+y)
Now, using null law, 1+y = 1
x’y’z +yz+ xz = z.1
Now, using identity law, A.1 = A
Therefore, x’y’z +yz+ xz = z.
Hence, the Boolean expression equivalent to x’y’z +yz+ xz is z.
7. What is the simplified sum of product form for the Boolean
expression:
(A + B’ + C’)(A + B’ + C)(A + B + C’)
Solution:
Given Boolean expression: (A + B’ + C’)(A + B’ + C)(A + B + C’)
Now, using the distributive law, we can write
(A + B’ + C’)(A + B’ + C)(A + B + C’) = [(A+B’) + C’C](A + B + C’)
Using AA’ = 0, it becomes
(A + B’ + C’)(A + B’ + C)(A + B + C’) = [(A+B’) + 0](A + B + C’)
Since A + 0 = A,
(A + B’ + C’)(A + B’ + C)(A + B + C’) = (A+B’)(A + B + C’)
(A + B’ + C’)(A + B’ + C)(A + B + C’) = A + B’.(B+C’)
Again, using distributive law
(A + B’ + C’)(A + B’ + C)(A + B + C’) = A + B’B +B’C’
(A + B’ + C’)(A + B’ + C)(A + B + C’) = A + 0 + B’C’
(A + B’ + C’)(A + B’ + C)(A + B + C’) = A + B’C’.
8. Write the reduced form for the Boolean expression (AB’(C+BD)
+ A’B’)C.
Solution:
Given expression: (AB’(C+BD) + A’B’)C
Using distributive law, we can write;
(AB’(C+BD) + A’B’)C = (AB’C + AB’BD +A’B’) C
Since, BB’ = 0
(AB’(C+BD) + A’B’)C = (AB’C + 0 + A’B’)C
(AB’(C+BD) + A’B’)C = (AB’C + A’B’)C
(AB’(C+BD) + A’B’)C = AB’C + A’B’C
Now, take B’C as common,
(AB’(C+BD) + A’B’)C = B’C (A + A’)
(AB’(C+BD) + A’B’)C = B’C (1)
(AB’(C+BD) + A’B’)C = B’C.
Hence, the reduced form of (AB’(C+BD) + A’B’)C is B’C.
9. Reduce the Boolean expression: A = XY + X(Y+Z) + Y(Y+Z)
Solution:
Given: A = XY + X(Y+Z) + Y(Y+Z)
The given Boolean expression can be written as follows:
A = XY + XY + XZ + YY + YZ
Using Idempotent law, Y.Y = Y
Thus, A = XY + XY + XZ + Y + YZ
Again, XY + XY = XY, we get
A = XY + XZ + Y + YZ
A = XY + XZ + Y(1+Z)
Using null law, (i.e., 1+A = 1), we can write
A = XY + XZ + Y.1
Using Identity law, 1.Y = Y.
So, A = XY + XZ + Y
Now, the above form can be written as:
A = Y(1+X) + XZ
A = Y.1 + XZ
A = Y + XZ
Hence, the reduced form of the Boolean expression A = XY + X(Y+Z) +
Y(Y+Z) is A = Y+XZ.
10. Check whether AC + ABC = AC is true or false?
Solution:
Given Boolean expression: AC + ABC = AC
AC (1+B) = AC
Now, using the null law 1+B = 1, the above expression can be written as:
AC.1 = AC
Thus, using the identity law, 1.A = A, the above expression becomes:
AC = AC
Hence, AC + ABC = AC is true.
