Tab 1
🎓 Advanced IELTS Tense Mastery Guide
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📌 WHY TENSES MATTER IN IELTS
In IELTS Writing Task 1, tenses are crucial for describing graphs, charts, and processes
(especially timelines).
In Task 2 and Speaking, proper use of tense shows your control of grammar, coherence,
and fluency, which are key to achieving Band 7+.
🧩 PART 1: KEY TENSES USED IN IELTS
✅ 1. Present Simple Tense
🔹 Rule:
Used for general facts, opinions, habits, and permanent truths. SUB+V1(S/ES)+OBJ
🔧 IELTS Context:
● Task 2 (opinions/general truth): “Education plays a crucial role in modern society.”
● Speaking: “I usually go to the gym in the evening.”
📝 Examples:
1. Most people prefer traveling by train.
2. The internet connects people globally.
3. Students face high pressure in school.
4. The bar chart shows the percentage of internet users.
5. My hometown lies near the border.
✅ 2. Present Continuous Tense
🔹 Rule:
Used for actions happening right now or developing trends.
SUB+AM/IS/ARE+VERB(ING)+OBJ
🔧 IELTS Context:
● Speaking: “I am studying business administration.”
● Writing Task 1 (live trends): “The number of electric car users is increasing rapidly.”
📝 Examples:
1. Many countries are investing in green energy.
2. People are becoming more aware of climate change.
3. Technology is changing the way we work.
4. The company is expanding its operations.
5. I am preparing for my IELTS exam this month.
✅ 3. Past Simple Tense
🔹 Rule:
Used for completed actions or events in the past. SUB+V2+OBJECT
🔧 IELTS Context:
● Task 1 (past data): “In 2000, the population increased sharply.”
● Speaking: “I visited Italy last year.”
📝 Examples:
1. The price of oil fell dramatically in 2015.
2. He completed his degree in 2020.
3. They introduced the policy two decades ago.
4. I learned to drive when I was 18.
5. The government launched a recycling campaign.
✅ 4. Present Perfect Tense
🔹 Rule:
Used for actions that happened at an unspecified time before now or started in the past
and still relevant. Sub+has/have+v3+obj
🔧 IELTS Context:
● Task 2: “Many people have argued that schools should be reformed.”
● Speaking: “I have studied English for five years.”
📝 Examples:
1. Scientists have discovered a new way to treat cancer.
2. I have never visited Australia.
3. They have introduced new regulations recently.
4. The population has grown rapidly since 2000.
5. I have seen that documentary before.
✅ 5. Future Tenses (Will, Going to, Present Continuous)
🔧 IELTS Context:
● Task 2: Predictions, plans, and hypothetical futures.
● Task 1: Projecting future data.
📝 Techniques & Examples:
🔹 Future Simple (will + base verb):
Used for predictions or promises.
1. Online education will become more common.
2. The trend will continue over the next decade.
3. I believe people will rely more on AI.
4. Traffic will worsen if nothing is done.
5. The number of tourists will rise next year.
🔹 Going to:
Used for future plans or predictions based on present evidence.
1. The government is going to introduce a new policy.
2. People are going to adopt electric cars widely.
3. The team is going to win, based on current form.
4. I am going to attend university abroad.
5. It is going to rain, according to the forecast.
🧠 PART 2: COMPLEX STRUCTURES WITH TENSES
✅ 6. Conditional Tenses (If...would/will/could)
Used for hypothetical or future results.
Zero conditional = present simple = present simple ( Universal / scientific fact)
First conditional = Present simple =Future tense (If you eat too much,you will gain
weight)
Second conditional=Past simple=Would+v1 ( If i had time, I would visit my friends)
Third conditional= Past perfect = would have/could have+ V3 ( If I had earned a lot of
money, I would have bought a ship)
📝 Examples:
1. If governments invested more in healthcare, public health would improve.
2. If students study, they will succeed.
3. If I had more time, I would volunteer more often.
4. If it rained, the event would be canceled.
5. If I had known, I would have prepared better.
✅ 8. Tense Shifts in Essays
For coherence, match tenses to time reference.
Context Tense to Use Example
General truth Present Education plays a vital role.
Simple
Past trend Past Simple The number dropped in 2005.
Recent Present Researchers have found new
developments Perfect results.
Prediction Future Simple Internet use will increase steadily.
📚 PART 3: STUDENT ACTIVITIES
✍️ Activity 1: Identify the Tense
Underline and label the tense used in the following sentences:
1. Many people have adopted a healthier lifestyle.
2. I went to the countryside last month.
3. Electric vehicles will replace fuel-based cars.
4. The number of users is increasing every year.
5. If the government invests, the economy will grow.
🔁 Activity 2: Tense Transformation
Convert the following sentences into the tense asked.
1. (Past Simple) – “Many people study abroad.” →
2. (Future Simple) – “The cost of living increases.” →
3. (Present Perfect) – “The city banned plastic.” →
4. (Passive Voice) – “People speak English worldwide.” →
5. (Conditional) – “I have free time. I join a course.” →
💡 Activity 3: IELTS Chart Sentence Practice
Write 3 sentences using 3 different tenses to describe this sentence from a graph:
“The number of students in 2010 was 3 million. It increased to 5 million by 2020 and is
projected to reach 7 million in 2030.”
🧠 Activity 4: Writing Task 2 Sentence Practice
Use each of the following tenses in one sentence for the topic:
"Technology and Society"
● Present Simple
● Past Simple
● Present Perfect
● Future Simple
● Conditional (Second type)
🎓 FINAL TIPS FOR MASTERING TENSES IN IELTS
● ✅ Use Present Simple for opinions & general truths in Task 2.
● ✅ Use Past Simple when describing specific dates in Task 1.
● ✅ Use Present Perfect to discuss recent trends or experiences.
● ✅ Use Future Simple for predictions and policy suggestions.
● ✅ Practice combining tenses naturally for complex ideas.
Tab 2
🧑🏫 IELTS Classroom Material:
Prepositions (Basic & Advanced)
🎯 Lesson Objectives (ক্লাসের লক্ষ্য)
🔹 শিক্ষার্থীরা basic এবং advanced prepositions এর ব্যবহার শিখবে।
🔹 IELTS Writing & Speaking-এ প্রিপোজিশনের সঠিক ব্যবহার নিশ্চিত করবে।
🔹 ব্যাকরণিক সঠিকতা (Grammatical Range and Accuracy) উন্নত করবে।
🧩 Part 1: Basic Prepositions (বেসিক প্রিপোজিশন)
✅ Definition: Prepositions show the relationship between a noun/pronoun and
another word (often time, place, or direction).
📍 1. Prepositions of Place – in / on / at
🔹 Rule: Used to describe location or position.
Prepositio Use
n
In Inside something (large area, room,
city)
On On a surface
At A point or specific location
📝 Examples:
1. She lives in Dhaka.
2. The book is on the table.
3. We are waiting at the bus stop.
4. There is a pen in the drawer.
5. He is sitting on the chair.
6. I arrived at the office early.
📘 বাংলা নির্দে শনা:
এই অংশে শিক্ষার্থীদের বিভিন্ন স্থান নির্দে শক প্রিপোজিশনের সঠিক ব্যবহার শেখাতে হবে। ছবি বা classroom
objects দেখিয়ে প্রশ্ন করতে পারেন – “Where is the pen?” → “It’s on the desk.”
📍 2. Prepositions of Time – in / on / at
🔹 Rule: Used to refer to specific time or general time periods.
Prepositio Use
n
In Months, years, centuries, long
periods
On Days and dates
At Specific time
📝 Examples:
1. I was born in 1998.
2. She has a meeting on Monday.
3. The train leaves at 9 a.m.
4. We celebrate Eid in May.
5. My birthday is on the 1st of July.
6. He wakes up at sunrise.
📘 বাংলা নির্দে শনা:
এখানে শিক্ষার্থীদের ক্যালেন্ডার, টাইমলাইন ব্যবহার করে বোঝাতে পারেন। বোর্ডে টাইম চার্ট এঁকে “in – on – at”
কোথায় ব্যবহার হয় তা দেখান।
📍 3. Prepositions of Direction – to / into / onto / out of
🔹 Rule: Used to describe movement.
📝 Examples:
1. He went to the market.
2. She walked into the room.
3. The cat jumped onto the bed.
4. He came out of the building.
5. They drove to the beach.
6. She threw the paper into the bin.
📘 বাংলা নির্দে শনা:
এখানে বাস্তব অভ্যাস ব্যবহার করে বোঝানো যেতে পারে, যেমন “Go to the door,” “Walk into the class,”
যাতে শিক্ষার্থীরা সহজে মনে রাখতে পারে।
🚀 Part 2: Advanced Prepositions (অ্যাডভান্সড প্রিপোজিশন)
✅ Definition: These include phrasal prepositions, compound prepositions,
and abstract relationships (cause, contrast, concession, etc.)
📍 4. Prepositions of Cause / Reason / Purpose – because of / due to /
owing to / thanks to
🔹 Rule: Used to explain why something happened.
📝 Examples:
1. The match was canceled because of rain.
2. Due to the traffic jam, I was late.
3. He succeeded thanks to his hard work.
4. Owing to the power cut, the class was delayed.
5. Because of the pandemic, schools were closed.
6. Many left early due to bad weather.
📘 বাংলা নির্দে শনা:
IELTS Task 2 তে কারন বা ব্যাখ্যা লেখার সময় এসব structure খুব উপযোগী। “Because” এর পরিবর্তে
ব্যবহার শেখান।
📍 5. Prepositions of Contrast / Concession – in spite of / despite /
although / whereas
🔹 Rule: Used to show contrasting or unexpected results.
📝 Examples:
1. Despite being tired, she continued working.
2. He passed the exam in spite of little preparation.
3. Although it was raining, we went out.
4. Whereas I love coffee, he prefers tea.
5. Despite the high cost, many buy iPhones.
6. In spite of difficulties, she succeeded.
📘 বাংলা নির্দে শনা:
এই structure গুলো IELTS Essay-এ তু লনা বা বিপরীত মতামত দেখাতে অনেক গুরুত্বপূর্ণ। শিক্ষার্থীদের
sentence transformation অনুশীলন করান।
📍 6. Prepositions of Addition / Inclusion – in addition to / as well as /
along with
🔹 Rule: To add or connect ideas.
📝 Examples:
1. In addition to English, he speaks French.
2. She is a writer as well as a teacher.
3. Along with the documents, send a photo.
4. In addition to studying, he works part-time.
5. The company provides housing as well as meals.
6. Along with education, experience is important.
📘 বাংলা নির্দে শনা:
Multiple idea support করতে “and” এর পরিবর্তে এসব ব্যবহার শেখাতে হবে। IELTS Task 2-এর Body
paragraph-এ খুব কাজে লাগবে।
📍 7. Prepositions of Reference / Relation – with regard to / in terms of /
related to / concerning
🔹 Rule: To show relation to a topic or focus.
📝 Examples:
1. With regard to pollution, stricter laws are needed.
2. The data shows improvement in terms of literacy.
3. Concerning the new policy, many are worried.
4. This book is useful with respect to grammar.
5. The manager spoke in relation to the company’s goals.
6. Regarding the issue, a decision will be made soon.
📘 বাংলা নির্দে শনা:
Formal writing (Task 2 Introduction or Body)–এ এসব phrase ব্যবহার খুব প্রফেশনাল ও কার্যকর।
Practice এ paragraph rewriting করতে দিন।
📚 BONUS PRACTICE SECTION (চর্চ ার জন্য)
✍️ Match the Correct Preposition:
Fill in the blanks with suitable prepositions:
1. She arrived ___ the airport at 6 a.m.
2. I succeeded ___ hard work and dedication.
3. The show was canceled ___ the storm.
4. They walked slowly ___ the street.
5. He stayed strong ___ all the challenges.
6. This lesson is ___ IELTS preparation.
🧠 Sentence Transformation:
Convert each simple sentence into a more advanced one using the given preposition:
1. (because of) He failed. He didn’t study. →
2. (in spite of) She is poor. She is happy. →
3. (as well as) He teaches. He writes books. →
4. (with regard to) Pollution is increasing.
