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Shearing Strain Example 2.10
SOLUTION:
• A cubic element subjected to a shear stress will
• Determine the average angular
deform into a rhomboid. The corresponding shear
deformation or shearing strain of
strain is quantified in terms of the change in angle
the block.
between the sides,
xy f xy • Apply Hooke’s law for shearing stress
and strain to find the corresponding
shearing stress.
• A plot of shear stress vs. shear strain is similar the A rectangular block of material with
previous plots of normal stress vs. normal strain modulus of rigidity G = 90 ksi is • Use the definition of shearing stress to
except that the strength values are approximately bonded to two rigid horizontal plates. find the force P.
half. For small strains, The lower plate is fixed, while the
upper plate is subjected to a horizontal
xy G xy yz G yz zx G zx
force P. Knowing that the upper plate
where G is the modulus of rigidity or shear modulus. moves through 0.04 in. under the action
of the force, determine a) the average
shearing strain in the material, and b)
the force P exerted on the plate.
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Relation Among E, and G
• Determine the average angular deformation
or shearing strain of the block. • An axially loaded slender bar will
0.04 in. elongate in the axial direction and
xy tan xy xy 0.020 rad
2 in. contract in the transverse directions.
• Apply Hooke’s law for shearing stress and
strain to find the corresponding shearing
stress.
xy G xy 90 103 psi 0.020 rad 1800 psi
• Use the definition of shearing stress to find
the force P.
P xy A 1800 psi 8 in. 2. 5 in. 36 103 lb
P 36.0 kips
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• An axially loaded slender bar will • An axially loaded slender bar will
elongate in the axial direction and elongate in the axial direction and
contract in the transverse directions. contract in the transverse directions.
• An initially cubic element oriented as in • An initially cubic element oriented as in
top figure will deform into a rectangular top figure will deform into a rectangular
parallelepiped. The axial load produces a parallelepiped. The axial load produces a
normal strain. normal strain.
• If the cubic element is oriented as in the
bottom figure, it will deform into a
rhombus. Axial load also results in a shear
strain.
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Relation Among E, and G Relation Among E, and G
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Relation Among E, and G Relation Among E, and G
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Relation Among E, and G Relation Among E, and G
Since εx<<1, thus:
2 - 18
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