Exercise No.
Programs using Functions & Recursions
Problem 4A
Program to find the sum of digits of a given number using recursive function.
Aim
To write a C program to find the sum of digits of a given number using recursive
function
Algorithm & Flowchart
Algorithm for finding Sum of Digits
Step 1: Start
Step 2: Get the input number, n
Step 3: Calculate the sum of digits as:
sum findSumOfDigits(n)
Step 4: Print the value of sum
Step 5: Stop
Algorithm for Recursive Function: findSumOfDigits(n)
Step 1: Start
Step 2: If n=0 Then (Check for the base case)
Step 2.1: Return the value 0
Step 3: Calculate the reminder (last digit), r n%10
Step 4: Calculate the quotient, q n/10
Step 5: Calculate the sum of digit as:
s r + findSumOfDigits(q)
Step 6: Return the value of s
Step 7: Stop
CSE101R01 – Problem Solving & Programming in C Laboratory 18
Sample Input / Output
Test Case 1:
Input
1252
Output
10
Test Case 2:
Input
5964
Output
24
Result
Thus, the program to find the sum of digits of a given number is written, entered,
executed and the results are verified.
CSE101R01 – Problem Solving & Programming in C Laboratory 19
Problem 4B
Menu-driven Program to perform following base conversions using functions
o Decimal to Binary
o Binary to Decimal
o Decimal to Octal
o Octal to Decimal
Sample Input / Output
Input
Decimal input: 12
Binary input: 1011
Octal Input: 17
Output
Binary equivalent of 12 is 1100
Octal equivalent of 12 is 14
Decimal equivalent of 1011 is 11
Decimal equivalent of 17 is 15
Problem 4C
Program to generate prime numbers within a range using function.
Sample Input / Output
Input
Range: 5 to 20
Output
5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19
CSE101R01 – Problem Solving & Programming in C Laboratory 20
Problem 4D
Program to find the value of sin(x) using functions. The sin(x) series is given below
𝑥1 𝑥 3 𝑥 5 𝑥 7
sin(𝑥) = − + − ………
1! 3! 5! 7!
Aim
To write a C program to find the sin(x) value using functions.
Algorithm & Flowchart
Algorithm for finding 𝐬𝐢𝐧(𝒙)
Step 1: Start
Step 2: Assign: 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒙 ← 0, 𝒔𝒊𝒈𝒏 ← 1, 𝒊 ← 1
Step 3: Get the input x (x is in radians), and n (no. of terms)
Step 4: Repeat the following steps until i<2n
𝑝𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟 (𝑥,𝑖)
Step 4.1: 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 ← 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 + 𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑙(𝑖) ∗ 𝑠𝑖𝑔𝑛
Step 4.2: 𝑠𝑖𝑔𝑛 ← 𝑠𝑖𝑔𝑛 ∗ (−1)
Step 4.3: 𝑖 ← 𝑖 + 2
Step 5: Print the value of 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥
Step 6: Stop
CSE101R01 – Problem Solving & Programming in C Laboratory 21
Algorithm for 𝒇𝒂𝒄𝒕𝒐𝒓𝒊𝒂𝒍(𝒊)
Step 1: Start
Step 2: Initialize 𝒇𝒂𝒄𝒕 ← 1, 𝒋 ← 1
Step 3: Repeat the steps until 𝑗 ≤ 𝑖
Step 3.1: 𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑡 ← 𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑡 ∗ 𝑗
Step 3.2: 𝑗 ← 𝑗 + 1
Step 4: Return the value of 𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑡
Step 5: Stop
Algorithm for finding 𝒑𝒐𝒘𝒆𝒓(𝒙, 𝒊)
Step 1: Start the process
Step 2: Initialize 𝒓𝒆𝒔𝒖𝒍𝒕 ← 1, 𝒋 ← 1
Step 3: Repeat the steps until 𝑗 ≤ 𝑖
Step 3.1. 𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑢𝑙𝑡 ← 𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑢𝑙𝑡 ∗ 𝒙
Step 3.2. 𝑗 ← 𝑗 + 1
Step 4: Return the value of 𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑢𝑙𝑡
Step 5: Stop
Sample Input / Output
Input
x=1.57, n=3
Output
sin(1.57)=0.997 (i.e. sin(90o)=1)
Result
Thus, the program to find the value of sin(x) using functions is written, entered,
executed and the results are verified.
CSE101R01 – Problem Solving & Programming in C Laboratory 22
Problem 4E
Program to perform the following task using functions
o Given the coordinates of the points check whether a triangle can be formed
o Given a point check whether it is inside or outside the triangle
Problem Description
Triangle formation
Using the coordinate input P(x1,y1), Q(x2,y2), R(x3,y3) find the length of the
sides.
𝑎+𝑏+𝑐
Calculate semi perimeter using the formula 𝑠 = 2 , where a,b,c are the
length of the sides of triangle.
Calculate 𝑠 − 𝑎, 𝑠 − 𝑏, 𝑠 − 𝑐. If any one of the values is negative then triangle
can’t be formed.
Inside outside test
Get a fourth coordinate S(x4,y4). Calculate the area for triangles PQR, PQS,
PSR and QSR.
Find the sum of area of triangles PQS, PSR, QSR. If the sum is equal to PQR
then the point S lies inside the triangle.
Area of triangle =√𝑠(𝑠 − 𝑎)(𝑠 − 𝑏)(𝑠 − 𝑐)
Sample Input / Output
Input
P(2,3) Q(8,3), R(5,7)
S(9,9)
Output
Triangle PQR can be formed
Point S lies outside the triangle
CSE101R01 – Problem Solving & Programming in C Laboratory 23
