Science
Chapter 1 and 2
Marks : 60
Time : 2 hr
Q.1 Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) - Choose the correct option. (09 x 1 = 09 Marks)
(i) Which of the following is NOT a type of microorganism?
a) Bacteria
b) Fungi
c) Plants
d) Protozoa
(ii) The process of converting sugar into alcohol by yeast is known as:
a) Pasteurization
b) Fermentation
c) Nitrogen fixation
d) Decomposition
(iii) The disease caused by the female Anopheles mosquito is:
a) Typhoid
b) Measles
c) Malaria
d) Polio
(iv)The practice of growing two or more crops simultaneously on the same field in a definite
pattern is called:
a) Crop rotation
b) Mixed cropping
c) Weeding
d) Broadcasting
(v) Who discovered the vaccine for smallpox?
a) Louis Pasteur
b) Robert Koch
c) Edward Jenner
d) Alexander Fleming
(vi) Paddy is a:
a) Kharif crop
b) Rabi crop
c) Zaid crop
d) Neither Kharif nor Rabi
(vii) Manure is an organic substance obtained from the decomposition of:
a) Chemicals
b) Cattle dung, plant and animal waste
c) Fertilizers
d) Pesticides
(viii) Antibiotics are medicines that:
a) Kill or stop the growth of disease-causing microorganisms.
b) Increase the growth of useful microorganisms.
c) Are used to preserve food.
d) Are vaccines.
(ix) The removal of weeds from the field is called:
a) Sowing
b) Threshing
c) Weeding
d) Harvesting
Q.2 Fill in the Blanks. (5 x 1 = 5 Marks)
(i) Microorganisms can be seen with the help of a __________.
(ii) Blue-green algae fix __________ directly from the air to enhance soil fertility.
(iii) The supply of water to crops at different intervals is called __________.
(iv) Common salt is used to preserve meat and fish to prevent growth of __________.
(v) To protect grains from pests and microorganisms, large scale storage is done in
__________ and granaries.
Q.3 True or False. (5 x 1 = 5 Marks)
(i) Microorganisms are essential for the decomposition of organic waste.
(ii) Rabi crops are sown in the rainy season.
(iii) Penicillin is an antibiotic.
(iv) Fertilizers provide humus to the soil.
(v) Food poisoning can be caused by the consumption of food spoiled by microorganisms.
Q.4 Short Answer Questions (Answer in 2-3 sentences). (8 x 2 = 16 Marks)
(i) Name any two diseases caused by bacteria in humans and two by viruses.
(ii) What is fermentation? Give an example of its use in daily life.
(iii) Differentiate between Kharif and Rabi crops.
(iv) What are weeds? How can they be removed from fields?
(v) Why is irrigation important for crop production?
(vi) List two methods of food preservation commonly used at home.
(vii) What is ploughing? Why is it important in agriculture?
(viii) How do vaccines protect us from diseases?
Q.5 Long Answer Questions (Answer in 4-5 sentences). (Answer any five: 5 x 5 = 25
Marks)
(i) Explain the importance of nitrogen fixation for plant growth. Describe the role of any one
microorganism involved in this process.
(ii) Describe the steps involved in crop production from the preparation of soil to harvesting.
(Mention at least four distinct steps).
(iii) Discuss the harmful effects of microorganisms on humans, plants, and animals. Give one
example for each.
(iv) Compare and contrast fertilizers and manure, highlighting their advantages and
disadvantages.
(v) Explain different modern methods of irrigation. Why are they considered more efficient than
traditional methods?
(vi) What is pasteurization? Explain how it helps in food preservation. Who discovered it?
