Wind Load Closed Structure
Wind Load Closed Structure
Program Description:
"ASCE710W" is a spreadsheet program written in MS-Excel for the purpose of wind loading analysis for buildings
and structures per the ASCE 7-10 Code. Specifically, wind pressure coefficients and related and required
parameters are selected or calculated in order to compute the net design wind pressures.
1. Worksheet for "MWFRS (Low-Rise)" is applicable for low-rise buildings as defined in Section 26.2.
2. Worksheets for "MWFRS (Any Ht.)", "Wall C&C", and "Roof C&C" are applicable for buildings with mean roof
heights of up to 500 feet.
3. In worksheets for "MWFRS (Any Ht.)", "Wall C&C", and "Roof C&C" the user may opt to utilize user designated
steps in height, 'z', in determining the wind pressure distribution.
4. Worksheets for "MWFRS (Any Ht.)", and "Open Structures" can handle “rigid” as well as
“flexible” buildings and structures. For “rigid” buildings or structures, this program uses the smaller value of
either 0.85 or the calculated value from Section 26.9.3 of the Code for the gust effect factor, 'G'. For “flexible”
buildings or structures, this program calculates the gust effect factor, ‘Gf’, per Section 26.9.4 of the Code
based on the assumed formula for the fundamental period of vibration from Section [Link] of the Code,
where the exponent 'x' in the formula T = Ct*h^x is assumed to be 0.75.
5. Worksheets for "Wall C&C" and "Roof C&C" are applicable for flat roof buildings, gable roof buildings with
roof angles <= 45 degrees, and monoslope roof buildings with roof angles <= 3 degrees.
6. Worksheet for "Open Structures" is applicable for open structures without roofs up to 500 feet
tall. This can be utilized for open process-type structures as well as pipe/utility racks and bridges.
7. This program uses the equations listed in the reference, “Guide to the Use of the Wind Load Provisions of
ASCE 7-02” for determining the external wind pressure coefficients, ‘GCp’, used in the Wall C&C and Roof
C&C worksheets. (Note: a version of this document applicable to the ASCE 7-10 Code was not available
at the time of writing this program.)
8. This program contains numerous “comment boxes” which contain a wide variety of information including
explanations of input or output items, equations used, data tables, etc. (Note: presence of a “comment box”
is denoted by a “red triangle” in the upper right-hand corner of a cell. Merely move the mouse pointer to the
desired cell to view the contents of that particular "comment box".)
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Wall and Roof End Zone Widths 'a' and '2*a' (Fig. 28.4-1):
a= 9.50 ft.
2*a = 19.00 ft.
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MWFRS Wind Load for Load Case A MWFRS Wind Load for Load Case B
Surface GCpf p = Net Pressures (kpa) Surface *GCpf p = Net Pressures (kpa)
(wx1+GCpi) (wx2-GCpi) (wy1+GCpi) (wy2-GCpi)
Zone 1 0.47 -0.08 1.02 Zone 1 -0.45 -1.00 0.10
Zone 2 -0.69 -1.24 -0.14 Zone 2 -0.69 -1.24 -0.14
Zone 3 -0.43 -0.98 0.12 Zone 3 -0.37 -0.92 0.18
Zone 4 -0.37 -0.91 0.18 Zone 4 -0.45 -1.00 0.10
Zone 5 --- --- --- Zone 5 0.40 -0.15 0.95
Zone 6 --- --- --- Zone 6 -0.29 -0.84 0.26
Zone 1E 0.71 0.16 1.26 Zone 1E -0.48 -1.03 0.07
Zone 2E -1.07 -1.62 -0.52 Zone 2E -1.07 -1.62 -0.52
Zone 3E -0.62 -1.16 -0.07 Zone 3E -0.53 -1.08 0.02
Zone 4E -0.54 -1.09 0.01 Zone 4E -0.48 -1.03 0.07
Zone 5E --- --- --- Zone 5E 0.61 0.06 1.16
Zone 6E --- --- --- Zone 6E -0.43 -0.98 0.12
MWFRS Wind Load for Load Case A, Torsional Case MWFRS Wind Load for Case B, Torsional Case
Surface GCpf p = Net Pressure (kpa) Surface GCpf p = Net Pressure (kpa)
(w/ +GCpi) (w/ -GCpi) (w/ +GCpi) (w/ -GCpi)
Zone 1T --- 0.00 0.01 Zone 1T --- -0.01 0.00
Zone 2T --- -0.01 0.00 Zone 2T --- -0.01 0.00
Zone 3T --- -0.01 0.00 Zone 3T --- -0.01 0.00
Zone 4T --- -0.01 0.00 Zone 4T --- -0.01 0.00
Zone 5T --- --- --- Zone 5T --- 0.00 0.01
Zone 6T --- --- --- Zone 6T --- -0.01 0.00
Notes: 1. For Load Case A (Transverse), Load Case B (Longitudinal), and Torsional Cases:
Zone 1 is windward wall for interior zone. Zone 1E is windward wall for end zone.
Zone 2 is windward roof for interior zone. Zone 2E is windward roof for end zone.
Zone 3 is leeward roof for interior zone. Zone 3E is leeward roof for end zone.
Zone 4 is leeward wall for interior zone. Zone 4E is leeward wall for end zone.
Zones 5 and 6 are sidewalls. Zone 5E & 6E is sidewalls for end zone.
Zone 1T is windward wall for torsional case Zone 2T is windward roof for torsional case.
Zone 3T is leeward roof for torsional case Zone 4T is leeward wall for torsional case.
Zones 5T and 6T are sidewalls for torsional case.
2. (+) and (-) signs signify wind pressures acting toward & away from respective surfaces.
3. Building must be designed for all wind directions using the 8 load cases shown below. The
load cases are applied to each building corner in turn as the reference corner.
4. Wind loads for torsional cases are 25% of respective transverse or longitudinal zone load values.
Torsional loading shall apply to all 8 basic load cases applied at each reference corner.
Exception: One-story buildings with "h" <= 30', buildings <= 2 stories framed with light frame
construction, and buildings <=2 stories designed with flexible diaphragms need not be
designed for torsional load cases.
5. Per Code Section 28.4.4, the minimum wind load for MWFRS shall not be less than 16 psf.
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Low-Rise
Buildings
h <= 60'
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Normal to Ridge Wind Load Tabulation for MWFRS - Buildings of Any Height
Surface z Kz qz Cp p = Net Design Press. (kpa)
(ft.) (psf) (wx1+GCpi) (wx2-GCpi)
Windward Wall 0 0.57 21.13 0.80 0.46 0.92
15.00 0.57 21.13 0.80 0.46 0.92
20.00 0.62 22.95 0.80 0.52 0.97
25.00 0.67 24.46 0.80 0.57 1.02
30.00 0.70 25.76 0.80 0.61 1.07
35.00 0.73 26.92 0.80 0.65 1.10
For z = hr: 40.00 0.76 27.97 0.80 0.68 1.14
Notes: 1. (+) and (-) signs signify wind pressures acting toward & away from respective surfaces.
2. Per Code Section 27.1.5, the minimum wind load for MWFRS shall not be less than 16 psf.
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Parameters Used in Both Item #2 and Item #3 Calculations (from Table 26.9-1):
a^ = 0.143
b^ = 0.84
a(bar) = 0.250
b(bar) = 0.45
c= 0.30
l= 320 ft.
e(bar) = 0.333
z(min) = 30 ft.
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Figure 6-9 - Design Wind Load Cases of MWFRS for Buildings of All Heights
Case 1: Full design wind pressure acting on the projected area perpendicular to each principal axis of
the structure, considered separately along each principal axis.
Case 2: Three quarters of the design wind pressure acting on the projected area perpendicular to each
principal axis of the structure in conjunction with a torsional moment as shown, considered
separately for each principal axis.
Case 3: Wind pressure as defined in Case 1, but considered to act simultaneously at 75% of the
specified value.
Case 4: Wind pressure as defined in Case 2, but considered to act simultaneously at 75% of the
specified value.
Notes: 1. Design wind pressures for windward (Pw) and leeward (PL) faces shall be determined in
accordance with the provisions of Section 27.4.1 and 27.4.2 as applicable for buildings
of all heights.
2. Above diagrams show plan views of building.
3. Notation:
Pwx, Pwy = Windward face pressure acting in the X, Y principal axis, respectively.
PLx, PLy = Leeward face pressure acting in the X, Y principal axis, respectively.
e (ex, ey) = Eccentricity for the X, Y principal axis of the structure, respectively.
MT = Torsional moment per unit height acting about a vertical axis of the building.
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Notes: 1. (+) and (-) signs signify wind pressures acting toward & away from respective surfaces.
2. Width of Zone 5 (end zones), 'a' = 16.80 ft.
3. Per Code Section 30.2.2, the minimum wind load for C&C shall not be less than 16 psf.
4. References : a. ASCE 7-10, "Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures".
b. "Guide to the Use of the Wind Load Provisions of ASCE 7-02"
by: Kishor C. Mehta and James M. Delahay (2004).
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Notes: 1. (+) and (-) signs signify wind pressures acting toward & away from respective surfaces.
2. Width of Zone 2 (edge), 'a' = 16.80 ft.
3. Width of Zone 3 (corner), 'a' = 16.80 ft.
4. For monoslope roofs with q <= 3 degrees, use Fig. 30.4-2A for 'GCp' values with 'qh'.
5. For buildings with h > 60' and q > 10 degrees, use Fig. 30.6-1 for 'GCpi' values with 'qh'.
6. For all buildings with overhangs, use Fig. 30.4-2B for 'GCp' values per Sect. 30.10.
7. If a parapet >= 3' in height is provided around perimeter of roof with q <= 10 degrees,
Zone 3 shall be treated as Zone 2.
8. Per Code Section 30.2.2, the minimum wind load for C&C shall not be less than 16 psf.
9. References : a. ASCE 7-02, "Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures".
b. "Guide to the Use of the Wind Load Provisions of ASCE 7-02"
by: Kishor C. Mehta and James M. Delahay (2004).
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q <= 7 deg. 7 deg. < q <= 27 deg. 27 deg. < q <= 45 deg.
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