FORMAT : QP09 KCE/DEPT.

OF EEE

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

SUBJECT: TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION

YEAR / SEMESTER: II / IV

QUESTION BANK (EE8402)

(Version: 2)

PREPARED BY
[Link], AP/ EEE

T&D 4.1 KCE/EEE/QB/II YR/T&D

FORMAT : QP09 KCE/[Link] EEE

EE8402 TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION L T P C

3 0 0 3

UNIT I TRANSMISSION LINE PARAMETERS 9

Structure of power system. Parameters of single and three phase transmission lines
with single and double circuits - Resistance, inductance and capacitance of solid,
stranded and bundled conductors, Symmetrical and unsymmetrical spacing and
transposition - application of self and mutual GMD; skin and proximity effects - Typical
configurations, conductor types and electrical parameters of EHV lines.

UNIT II MODELLING AND PERFORMANCE OF TRANSMISSION LINES 9

Performance of Transmission lines - short line, medium line and long line – equivalent
circuits, phasor diagram, attenuation constant, phase constant, surge impedance
transmission efficiency and voltage regulation, real and reactive power flow in lines
Power Circle diagrams - Formation of Corona – Critical Voltages – Effect on Line
Performance.

UNIT III MECHANICAL DESIGN OF LINES 9

Mechanical design of OH lines – Line Supports –Types of towers – Stress and Sag
Calculation – Effects of Wind and Ice loading. Insulators: Types, voltage distribution in
insulator string, improvement of string efficiency, testing of insulators.

UNIT IV UNDER GROUND CABILITYS 9

Underground cabilitys - Types of cabilitys – Construction of single core and 3 core

Cabilitys - Insulation Resistance – Potential Gradient - Capacitance of Single-core and
3 core cabilitys- Grading of cabilitys - Power factor and heating of cabilitys– DC cabilitys.

UNIT V DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS 9

Distribution Systems – General Aspects – Kelvin’s Law – AC and DC distributions

Techniques of Voltage Control and Power factor improvement – Distribution Loss
Types of Substations -Methods of Grounding – Trends in Transmission and Distribution:
EHVAC,HVDC and FACTS (Qualitative treatment only).

TOTAL: 45 PERIODS

SIGNATURE OF STAFF INCHARGE HoD/ EEE

T&D 4.2 KCE/EEE/QB/II YR/T&D

FORMAT : QP09 KCE/[Link] EEE

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

COURSE PLAN

Sub. Code : EE8402 Branch / Year / Sem : B.E EEE / II / IV

Sub. Name : Transmission and Distribution Batch : 2019-2023
Staff Name : [Link] Academic Year : 2020-21 (Even)

COURSE OBJECTIVES
1. To study the structure of electric power system and to develop expressions for
the computation of transmission line parameters.
2. To obtain the equivalent circuits for the transmission lines based on distance and
to determine voltage regulation and efficiency.
3. To understand the mechanical design of transmission lines and to analyze
the voltage distribution in insulator strings to improve the efficiency.
4. To study the types, construction of cabilitys and methods to improve
the efficiency.
5. To study about distribution systems, types of substations, methods of grounding,
EHVAC, HVDC and FACTS.

TEXT BOOKS
T1. [Link] , I.J. Nagarath, ‘Power System Engineering’, Tata McGraw-Hill
Publishing Company limited, New Delhi, Second Edition, 2008.
T2. [Link], ‘Electrical Power Systems’, New Age International (P) Limited,
Publishers, 4th Edition, 2005.
T3. S.N. Singh, ‘Electric Power Generation, Transmission and Distribution’, Prentice
Hall of India Pvt. Ltd, New Delhi, 2005.

REFERENCE BOOKS
R1. [Link], [Link], ‘Power System Analysis and Design’ New Delhi, 7th Revised
Edition, 2014.
R2. Hadi Saadat, ‘Power System Analysis,’ Tata McGraw Hill Edition, 2005.
R3. [Link] , Rohit Mehta, ‘Principles of Power System ’, S. Chand, New Delhi,
Revised Multicolor Edition, 2013.

WEB RESOURCES
W1. [Link]
[Link] (Topic No : 08)
W2. [Link] (Topic No : 15)
W3. [Link] (Topic No: 23)
W4. [Link]
cable-with-common-earth-screen_fig2_224133172 (Topic No: 26)
W5. [Link] (Topic No :38)

T&D 4.3 KCE/EEE/QB/II YR/T&D

 FORMAT : QP09 KCE/[Link] EEE

Teaching No. of Cumulative

Topic Books for
Topic Page No. Methodo Periods No. of
No. Reference
logy Required periods

UNIT I TRANSMISSION LINE PARAMETERS (9+1)

Structure of electric power R1 1-3

1. BB/PPT 1 1
system R3 128-130
Parameters of single and T2 19-34
three phase transmission 44-55
2. BB/PPT 2 3
lines with single and double 203-212
circuits R3 220-226
134-138
3. R,L and C of solid conductors T3 BB/PPT 1 4
163-176
R,L and C of stranded
4. T3 139-144 BB/PPT 1 5
conductors
R,L and C of bundled
5. T3 144-154 VIDEO 1 6
conductors
134-155
Symmetrical and T3
163-176
6. unsymmetrical spacing and BB/PPT 1 7
203-212
transposition R3 220-226
Application of self and mutual
7. R3 212-220 BB/PPT 1 8
GMD
T1
122-123
8. Skin and Proximity effects T3 VIDEO 1 9
155-156
W1
Typical configurations,
conductor types and
9. R3 160-165 PPT 1 10
electrical parameters of EHV
lines

LEARNING OUTCOME
At the end of unit, students should be able to
 Describe the structure of power systems.
 State the significance of transmission lines and their importance.
 Derive the expressions for computation of parameters of transmission lines

MODELLING AND PERFORMANCE OF

UNIT II (9+1)
TRANSMISSION LINES
10 Performance of lines T2 60-62 BB/PPT 1 11
Short line – equivalent
11 R3 230-239 BB/PPT 1 12
circuit and phasor diagram
Medium line – equivalent
12 R3 240-250 BB/PPT 1 13
circuit and phasor diagram
Long line – equivalent
circuit, Attenuation constant R1 89-94
13 PPT 2 15
and Phase constant, Surge R3 251-261
impedance
Transmission efficiency and
14 R3 229-230 VIDEO 1 16
voltage regulation

T&D 4.4 KCE/EEE/QB/II YR/T&D

 FORMAT : QP09 KCE/[Link] EEE
Teaching No. of Cumulative
Topic Books for
Topic Page No. Methodo Periods No. of
No. Reference
logy Required periods
Real and reactive power flow R1 108-110
15 BB/PPT 2 18
in lines W2 NPTEL

16 Power-Circle diagram R1 114-119 BB/PPT 1 19

Formation of Corona -Critical

R1 180-189
17 Voltages – Effect on Line VIDEO 1 20
R3 181-184
Performance

LEARNING OUTCOME
At the end of unit, students should be able to
 Analyze the performance of short, medium and long transmission lines.
 Explain the methods of voltage control in Transmission lines.
 Obtain the real and reactive power flow in transmission lines.

UNIT III MECHANICAL DESIGN OF LINES (9+1)

Mechanical design of
18 R3 159-160 BB/PPT 1 21
transmission line
Line supports, Types of R1 157-161
19 PPT 1 22
towers R3 162-165
20 Sag and tension calculations R3 186-194 VIDEO 3 25
Effects of Wind and Ice
21 R3 192-196 BB/PPT 1 26
loading.
Insulators: Types, voltage
T3 217-218
22 distribution in insulator BB/PPT 1 27
R3 165-167
string,
Improvement of string R3 168-179
23 VIDEO 2 29
efficiency W3
24 Testing of insulators R1 149-151 BB/PPT 1 30

LEARNING OUTCOME
At the end of unit, students should be able to
 Analyze the sag and tension calculations for different weather conditions.
 Describe the major components of substation and its classification.
 Explain the different methods of grounding.

UNIT IV UNDER GROUND CABILITYS (9+1)

Underground cabilitys -
25 R1 204-210 BB/PPT 1 31
Types of cabilitys
Construction of single core R3 265-266
26 PPT 2 33
and 3 core Cabilitys W4
Insulation Resistance ,
Potential Gradient , R1 211-217
27 VIDEO 2 35
Capacitance of Single core R3 273-287
cabilitys

T&D 4.5 KCE/EEE/QB/II YR/T&D

 FORMAT : QP09 KCE/[Link] EEE
Teaching No. of Cumulative
Topic Books for
Topic Page No. Methodo Periods No. of
No. Reference
logy Required periods

Insulation Resistance ,
T1
Potential Gradient - 122-123
28 T3 BB/PPT 2 37
Capacitance of 3 core 155-156
W2
cabilitys
29 Grading of cabilitys R3 280-287 VIDEO 1 38

Power factor and heating of 822-823

30 T1 BB/PPT 1 39
cabilitys
31 DC cabilitys. T1 826 BB/PPT 1 40

LEARNING OUTCOME
At the end of unit, students should be able to
 Describe the voltage distribution in insulator string and methods to improve the
string efficiency.
 Explain the various types of insulators and underground cables.
 Obtain the expressions for capacitance of single core and 3-core belted cables.

UNIT V DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS (9+1)

Distribution Systems General R1 527-528
32 BB/PPT 1 41
Aspects , Kelvin’s law R3 300-308
BB/
33 AC distributions R3 356-370 1 42
EXP
34 DC distributions R3 310-333 VIDEO 2 44
Techniques of Voltage
35 Control and Power factor R3 375-384 BB/PPT 1 45
improvement
Distribution Loss, Types T3 217-218
36 BB/PPT 2 47
of Substations R3 165-167
37 Methods of Grounding T2 157-160 VIDEO 1 48
Trends in T & D: EHVAC, R1 484-497
38 PPT 2 50
HVDC and FACTS W5
LEARNING OUTCOME
At the end of unit, students should be able to
 Discuss the Techniques of Voltage Control and Power factor improvement.
 Explain the major components of substation and the different methods of grounding.
COURSE OUTCOME
Upon completion of the subject, students will be able to:
 Understand the importance and the functioning of transmission line parameters.
 Understand the concepts of Lines and Insulators.
 Acquire knowledge on the performance of Transmission lines.
 Understand the importance of distribution of the electric power in power
system.
 Acquire knowledge on Underground Cabilitys.
 To become familiar with the function of different components used in
Transmission and Distribution levels of power system and modelling of these
components.

T&D 4.6 KCE/EEE/QB/II YR/T&D

FORMAT : QP09 KCE/[Link] EEE

CONTENT BEYOND THE SYLLABUS

Tariff, Desirable characteristics of Tariff and Types of Tariff.

INTERNAL ASSESSMENT DETAILS

ASSESSMENT NUMBER I II MODEL

Topic Nos. 1-13 14-24 1-38
Date

ASSIGNMENT DETAILS

ASSIGNMENT I II
Topic Nos. for reference 1-13 PCE
Deadline

ASSIGNMENT I(20Marks) ASSIGNMENT II(20Marks)

(Before AT-I) (Before AT-II)
Topics for reference
1-13 PCE
Part – A Activity 1:
1. Mention the transmission voltages Mini Project
that are followed in India. Activity 2:
2. What are the advantages of using Case study presentation
bundled conductors? Activity 3:
3. Distinguish between self and mutual Quiz – GATE questions, Technical
GMD. questions
4. Define transposition of lines. Activity 4:
5. Classify overhead transmission lines. Machine Assembly, Identification of
Part – B component
1. Explain the structure of electric Activity 5:
power system in detail. Design events – power system,
2. Derive the expression for the Renewable energy sources
capacitance of a three phase
transmission line with
unsymmetrical spacing.

T&D 4.7 KCE/EEE/QB/II YR/T&D

 FORMAT : QP09 KCE/[Link] EEE
COURSE ASSESSMENT PLAN

CO CO Description Weightage CAT1 CAT2 MODEL ASSIGN.-1 PCE AU

Understand the
importance and the
CO1 functioning of 18%   
transmission line
parameters.
Understand the concepts
CO2 of Lines and Insulators. 18%   
Acquire knowledge on
CO3 the performance of 18%   
Transmission lines.
Understand the
importance of
CO4 distribution of the 12%  
electric power in power
system.
Acquire knowledge on
CO5 6% 
Underground Cabilitys.
To become familiar with
the function of different
components used in
Transmission and
CO6 28%    
Distribution levels of
power system and
modelling of these
components.

COURSE OUTCOME ALLIGNMENT MATRIX – MODEL EXAM SAMPLE QUESTION SET

[Link] Question Marks CO BTL PI

1 List the advantages of using bundled conductors. 2 CO1 L1 1.3.1
Distinguish between overhead system and
2 2 CO1 L4 1.3.1
underground system.
3 Why the control of reactive power is essential for 2 CO3 L1 2.1.2
maintaining a desired voltage profile?
Explain about the physical interpretation of long
4 2 CO2 L2 2.1.1
transmission line equation.
5 What is meant by stringing chart? 2 CO2 L1 1.3.1
6 Illustrate the safety factor of insulator. 2 CO2 L2 1.3.1
7 Compare overhead lines and underground cables. 2 CO5 L2 2.1.1
8 Discuss grading of cable and its types. 2 CO5 L6 1.3.1
9 Classify substation. 2 CO4 L2 1.3.1
10 Examine the various methods of voltage control in 2 CO3 L4 2.1.1
transmission line

T&D 4.8 KCE/EEE/QB/II YR/T&D

 FORMAT : QP09 KCE/[Link] EEE
Determine the inductance per 𝑘𝑚 of a double
circuit 3𝜙 line as shown in figure below. The
transmission line is transposed within each circuit
and each circuit remains same on its own side.
The diameter of each conductor is 15𝑚𝑚.

CO1
11.a. 13 L3 2.1.2
CO6

i) Discuss about the interference of overhead lines 8 CO1 L2 2.1.1

with neighboring communication lines.
11.b.
ii) Draw the diagram of 400 𝑘𝑉 OHL conductors. 5 CO1 L1 3.1.2
A three phase, 50 𝐻𝑧 transmission line, 100 𝑘𝑚
long delivers 20 𝑀𝑊 at 0.9 power factor lagging
at 110 𝑘𝑉. The resistance and reactance of
the line per phase per km are 0.2Ω and 0.4Ω
12.a. respectively. The capacitive admittance is 13 CO3 L3 2.1.2
2.5 x 10-6 siemen/km/phase. Calculate :
(i) The Voltage at sending end
(ii) Efficiency of transmission. Use nominal T
method.
Draw the nominal T circuit of a medium length
transmission line and derive expression for sending
12.b. 13 CO3 L6 1.4.1
end voltage and current. Also draw the respective
phasor diagram.
What are the various properties of insulators? Also
13.a. briefly explain about suspension type and pin type 13 CO2 L5 1.3.1
insulators. Draw the schematic diagram.
(i) Explain different types of insulator. 5 CO2 L2 1.3.1
(ii) A string of five insulator units has mutual
capacitance equal to 10 times the pin to earth
13.b.
capacitance, find voltage distribution across
various units as the per cent of the total voltage 8 CO2 L3 2.2.2
across the string and string efficiency.
The capacitance of a 3-core lead sheathed cable
measured between any two of the conductors with
sheath earthed is 0.19 μF per km. Determine the
14.a. 13 CO5 L5 2.1.2
equivalent star connected capacity and the kVA
required to keep 16 kms of the cable charged when
connected to 20 kV, 50 Hz supply.
(i) Describe the effect of thermal resistance in the 7 CO5 L3 1.3.1
underground cable.
14.b.
(ii) Derive the expression for the most economical 6 CO5 L6 1.3.1
conductor seize in a cable.

T&D 4.9 KCE/EEE/QB/II YR/T&D

 FORMAT : QP09 KCE/[Link] EEE
(i) Draw and explain a ring main distributor 5 CO6 L2 1.3.1
scheme.
(ii) Find the current supplied at points A and B of
the ring main distributor shown in fig, the loads are 8 CO6 L5 2.1.2
at unity power factor.

15.a.

A 2 wire D.C street mains AB, 600m long if fed from

both ends at 220V. Loads of 20A,40A,50A, and 30A
are tapped at distances of 100m,250m,400m and
CO1
15.b. 500m from the end A respectively. If the area of 13 L4 2.1.2
CO6
X-section of distributor conductor is 1 square
centimetre, find the minimum consumer voltage,
Take ρ =1.7 x 10 – 6 Ω -cm.
A 2 wire d.c ring distributor is 300m long and is fed
at 240 v at point A. At point B, 150m from A, A load
of 120 A is taken and at C, 100 m in the opposite
16.a. direction, a load of 80 A is taken. If resistance per 15 CO6 L5 2.1.2
100 m of single conductor is 0.03 Ω. Find :
(i) Current in each section of distributor
(ii) Voltage at points B and C
A cable is graded with three dielectrics of
permittivity’s 4,3 and 2. The maximum permissible
16.b. potential gradient is same and equals to 30kv/cm. 15 CO1 L4 2.1.2
The core diameter is 1.5cm and internal sheath
diameter is 5.5cm. Calculate the working voltage.

ASSESSMENT PAPER QUALITY MATRIX

PART BTL1 BTL2 BTL3 BTL4 BTL5 BTL6
A 1,3,5 4,6,7,9 - 2,10 - 8
11.b.i,13.b.i, 11.a,12.a, 13.a,14.a, 12.b,
B [Link] 15.b
15.a.i [Link],14.b.i [Link] [Link]
C - - - 16.b 16.a -
TOTAL 6 14 23 18 27 12
Distribution 20% 41% 39%

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