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sudo hbase master start

sudo hbase regionserver start

Sudo hbase shell

Command Description

hbase shell Start the HBase shell

status Check HBase cluster status

version Display HBase version

whoami Show current HBase user

help List all available commands

help '<command>' Get help for a specific command

exit or quit Exit the HBase shell

2. Table Management Commands

Command Description Example

create 'employee', 'personal',

create Create a new table
'professional'

list List all tables list

describe Show table structure describe 'employee'

Disable a table (required

disable disable 'employee'
for deletion)

enable Enable a table enable 'employee'

is_enabled Check if table is enabled is_enabled 'employee'

is_disabled Check if table is disabled is_disabled 'employee'

alter 'employee', {NAME =>

alter Modify table schema
'salary', VERSIONS => 3}

drop Delete a table drop 'employee'

truncate Delete all table data truncate 'employee'

3. Data Manipulation

Command Description

put '<table>', '<row_key>', '<column_family:column>',

Insert/update data
'<value>'

get '<table>', '<row_key>' Retrieve a row

get '<table>', '<row_key>', {COLUMN => Get a specific

'<column_family:column>'} column

Scan all rows in a

scan '<table>'
table

scan '<table>', {COLUMNS => Scan specific

['<column_family:column>']} columns

scan '<table>', {LIMIT => <n>} Limit scan results

delete '<table>', '<row_key>', '<column_family:column>' Delete a cell

deleteall '<table>', '<row_key>' Delete an entire row

Count rows in a
count '<table>'
table
Minimum Basic Commands:

To add Columnfamily:
Alter ‘table_name’, {NAME=>’new_cf’}
Describe ‘tablename’
Creating a Table using HBase Shell
You can create a table using the create command, here you must specify the table
name and the Column Family name. The syntax to create a table in HBase shell is
shown below.
create ‘<table name>’,’<column family>’

Example

Given below is a sample schema of a table named emp. It has two column families:
“personal data” and “professional data”.

Row key personal data professional data

You can create this table in HBase shell as shown below.

hbase(main):002:0> create 'emp', 'personal data', 'professional
data'
And it will give you the following output.
0 row(s) in 1.1300 seconds
=> Hbase::Table - emp

Verification

You can verify whether the table is created using the list command as shown below.
Here you can observe the created emp table.
hbase(main):002:0> list
TABLE
emp
2 row(s) in 0.0340 seconds
Listing a Table using HBase Shell
list is the command that is used to list all the tables in HBase. Given below is the
syntax of the list command.
hbase(main):001:0 > list
When you type this command and execute in HBase prompt, it will display the list of
all the tables in HBase as shown below.
hbase(main):001:0> list
TABLE
emp
Here you can observe a table named emp.

Disabling a Table using HBase Shell

To delete a table or change its settings, you need to first disable the table using the
disable command. You can re-enable it using the enable command.
Given below is the syntax to disable a table:
disable ‘emp’

Example

Given below is an example that shows how to disable a table.

hbase(main):025:0> disable 'emp'
0 row(s) in 1.2760 seconds

Verification

After disabling the table, you can still sense its existence
through list and exists commands. You cannot scan it. It will give you the following
error.
hbase(main):028:0> scan 'emp'
ROW COLUMN + CELL
ERROR: emp is disabled.

is_disabled

This command is used to find whether a table is disabled. Its syntax is as follows.
hbase> is_disabled 'table name'
The following example verifies whether the table named emp is disabled. If it is
disabled, it will return true and if not, it will return false.
hbase(main):031:0> is_disabled 'emp'
true
0 row(s) in 0.0440 seconds

disable_all

This command is used to disable all the tables matching the given regex. The syntax
for disable_all command is given below.
hbase> disable_all 'r.*'
Suppose there are 5 tables in HBase, namely raja, rajani, rajendra, rajesh, and raju.
The following code will disable all the tables starting with raj.
hbase(main):002:07> disable_all 'raj.*'
raja
rajani
rajendra
rajesh
raju
Disable the above 5 tables (y/n)?
y
5 tables successfully disabled

Enabling a Table using HBase Shell

Syntax to enable a table:
enable ‘emp’

Example

Given below is an example to enable a table.

hbase(main):005:0> enable 'emp'
0 row(s) in 0.4580 seconds

Verification

After enabling the table, scan it. If you can see the schema, your table is successfully
enabled.

is_enabled
This command is used to find whether a table is enabled. Its syntax is as follows:
hbase> is_enabled 'table name'
The following code verifies whether the table named emp is enabled. If it is enabled,
it will return true and if not, it will return false.
hbase(main):031:0> is_enabled 'emp'
true
0 row(s) in 0.0440 seconds

describe
This command returns the description of the table. Its syntax is as follows:
hbase> describe 'table name'
Given below is the output of the describe command on the emp table.
hbase(main):006:0> describe 'emp'
DESCRIPTION
ENABLED

'emp', {NAME ⇒ 'READONLY', DATA_BLOCK_ENCODING ⇒ 'NONE',

BLOOMFILTER
⇒ 'ROW', REPLICATION_SCOPE ⇒ '0', COMPRESSION ⇒ 'NONE', VERSIONS
⇒
'1', TTL true

⇒ 'FOREVER', MIN_VERSIONS ⇒ '0', KEEP_DELETED_CELLS ⇒ 'false',

BLOCKSIZE ⇒ '65536', IN_MEMORY ⇒ 'false', BLOCKCACHE ⇒ 'true'},
{NAME
⇒ 'personal

data', DATA_BLOCK_ENCODING ⇒ 'NONE', BLOOMFILTER ⇒ 'ROW',

REPLICATION_SCOPE ⇒ '0', VERSIONS ⇒ '5', COMPRESSION ⇒ 'NONE',
MIN_VERSIONS ⇒ '0', TTL

⇒ 'FOREVER', KEEP_DELETED_CELLS ⇒ 'false', BLOCKSIZE ⇒ '65536',

IN_MEMORY ⇒ 'false', BLOCKCACHE ⇒ 'true'}, {NAME ⇒ 'professional
data', DATA_BLO

CK_ENCODING ⇒ 'NONE', BLOOMFILTER ⇒ 'ROW', REPLICATION_SCOPE ⇒

'0',
VERSIONS ⇒ '1', COMPRESSION ⇒ 'NONE', MIN_VERSIONS ⇒ '0', TTL ⇒
'FOREVER', K

EEP_DELETED_CELLS ⇒ 'false', BLOCKSIZE ⇒ '65536', IN_MEMORY ⇒

'false', BLOCKCACHE ⇒ 'true'}, {NAME ⇒ 'table_att_unset',
DATA_BLOCK_ENCODING ⇒ 'NO

NE', BLOOMFILTER ⇒ 'ROW', REPLICATION_SCOPE ⇒ '0', COMPRESSION ⇒

'NONE', VERSIONS ⇒ '1', TTL ⇒ 'FOREVER', MIN_VERSIONS ⇒ '0',
KEEP_DELETED_CELLS

⇒ 'false', BLOCKSIZE ⇒ '6

alter
Alter is the command used to make changes to an existing table. Using this
command, you can change the maximum number of cells of a column family, set and
delete table scope operators, and delete a column family from a table.

Changing the Maximum Number of Cells of a Column Family

Given below is the syntax to change the maximum number of cells of a column family.
hbase> alter 't1', NAME ⇒ 'f1', VERSIONS ⇒ 5
In the following example, the maximum number of cells is set to 5.
hbase(main):003:0> alter 'emp', NAME ⇒ 'personal data', VERSIONS
⇒ 5
Updating all regions with the new schema...
0/1 regions updated.
1/1 regions updated.
Done.
0 row(s) in 2.3050 seconds
Existence of Table using HBase Shell
You can verify the existence of a table using the exists command. The following
example shows how to use this command.
hbase(main):024:0> exists 'emp'
Table emp does exist

0 row(s) in 0.0750 seconds

=================================================================
=

hbase(main):015:0> exists 'student'

Table student does not exist

0 row(s) in 0.0480 seconds

Dropping a Table using HBase Shell

Using the drop command, you can delete a table. Before dropping a table, you have
to disable it.
hbase(main):018:0> disable 'emp'
0 row(s) in 1.4580 seconds

hbase(main):019:0> drop 'emp'

0 row(s) in 0.3060 seconds
Verify whether the table is deleted using the exists command.
hbase(main):020:07gt; exists 'emp'
Table emp does not exist
0 row(s) in 0.0730 seconds

drop_all
This command is used to drop the tables matching the “regex” given in the command.
Its syntax is as follows:
hbase> drop_all ‘t.*’
Note: Before dropping a table, you must disable it.

Example

Assume there are tables named raja, rajani, rajendra, rajesh, and raju.
hbase(main):017:0> list
TABLE
raja
rajani
rajendra
rajesh
raju
9 row(s) in 0.0270 seconds
All these tables start with the letters raj. First of all, let us disable all these tables using
the disable_all command as shown below.
hbase(main):002:0> disable_all 'raj.*'
raja
rajani
rajendra
rajesh
raju
Disable the above 5 tables (y/n)?
y
5 tables successfully disabled
Now you can delete all of them using the drop_all command as given below.
hbase(main):018:0> drop_all 'raj.*'
raja
rajani
rajendra
rajesh
raju
Drop the above 5 tables (y/n)?
y
5 tables successfully dropped

exit
You exit the shell by typing the exit command.
hbase(main):021:0> exit

Stopping HBase
To stop HBase, browse to the HBase home folder and type the following command.
./bin/stop-hbase.sh
Inserting Data using HBase Shell
Using put command, you can insert rows into a table. Its syntax is as follows:
put ’<table name>’,’row1’,’<colfamily:colname>’,’<value>’

Inserting the First Row

Let us insert the first row values into the emp table as shown below.
hbase(main):005:0> put 'emp','1','personal data:name','raju'
0 row(s) in 0.6600 seconds
hbase(main):006:0> put 'emp','1','personal data:city','hyderabad'
0 row(s) in 0.0410 seconds
hbase(main):007:0> put 'emp','1','professional
data:designation','manager'
0 row(s) in 0.0240 seconds
hbase(main):007:0> put 'emp','1','professional
data:salary','50000'
0 row(s) in 0.0240 seconds
Insert the remaining rows using the put command in the same way. If you insert the
whole table, you will get the following output.
hbase(main):022:0> scan 'emp'

ROW COLUMN+CELL
1 column=personal data:city, timestamp=1417524216501,
value=hyderabad

1 column=personal data:name, timestamp=1417524185058, value=ramu

1 column=professional data:designation, timestamp=1417524232601,

value=manager

1 column=professional data:salary, timestamp=1417524244109,

value=50000

2 column=personal data:city, timestamp=1417524574905,

value=chennai

2 column=personal data:name, timestamp=1417524556125, value=ravi

2 column=professional data:designation, timestamp=1417524592204,

value=sr:engg

2 column=professional data:salary, timestamp=1417524604221,

value=30000

3 column=personal data:city, timestamp=1417524681780, value=delhi

3 column=personal data:name, timestamp=1417524672067,
value=rajesh

3 column=professional data:designation, timestamp=1417524693187,

value=jr:engg
3 column=professional data:salary, timestamp=1417524702514,

value=25000

Updating Data using HBase Shell

You can update an existing cell value using the put command. To do so, just follow
the same syntax and mention your new value as shown below.
put ‘table name’,’row ’,'Column family:column name',’new value’
The newly given value replaces the existing value, updating the row.

Example

Suppose there is a table in HBase called emp with the following data.
hbase(main):003:0> scan 'emp'
ROW COLUMN + CELL
row1 column = personal:name, timestamp = 1418051555, value = raju
row1 column = personal:city, timestamp = 1418275907, value =
Hyderabad
row1 column = professional:designation, timestamp =
14180555,value = manager
row1 column = professional:salary, timestamp =
1418035791555,value = 50000
1 row(s) in 0.0100 seconds
The following command will update the city value of the employee named ‘Raju’ to
Delhi.
hbase(main):002:0> put 'emp','row1','personal:city','Delhi'
0 row(s) in 0.0400 seconds
The updated table looks as follows where you can observe the city of Raju has been
changed to ‘Delhi’.
hbase(main):003:0> scan 'emp'
ROW COLUMN + CELL
row1 column = personal:name, timestamp = 1418035791555, value =
raju
row1 column = personal:city, timestamp = 1418274645907, value =
Delhi
row1 column = professional:designation, timestamp =
141857555,value = manager
row1 column = professional:salary, timestamp = 1418039555, value
= 50000
1 row(s) in 0.0100 seconds

Reading Data using HBase Shell

The get command and the get() method of HTable class are used to read data from
a table in HBase. Using get command, you can get a single row of data at a time. Its
syntax is as follows:
get ’<table name>’,’row1’

Example

The following example shows how to use the get command. Let us scan the first row
of the emp table.
hbase(main):012:0> get 'emp', '1'

COLUMN CELL

personal : city timestamp = 1417521848375, value = hyderabad

personal : name timestamp = 1417521785385, value = ramu

professional: designation timestamp = 1417521885277, value =

manager

professional: salary timestamp = 1417521903862, value = 50000

4 row(s) in 0.0270 seconds

Reading a Specific Column

Given below is the syntax to read a specific column using the get method.
hbase> get 'table name', ‘rowid’, {COLUMN ⇒ ‘column
family:column name ’}

Example

Given below is the example to read a specific column in HBase table.

hbase(main):015:0> get 'emp', 'row1', {COLUMN ⇒ 'personal:name'}
COLUMN CELL
personal:name timestamp = 1418035791555, value = raju
1 row(s) in 0.0080 seconds
Deleting a Specific Cell in a Table
Using the delete command, you can delete a specific cell in a table. The syntax
of delete command is as follows:
delete ‘<table name>’, ‘<row>’, ‘<column name >’, ‘<time stamp>’

Example

Here is an example to delete a specific cell. Here we are deleting the salary.
hbase(main):006:0> delete 'emp', '1', 'personal data:city',
1417521848375
0 row(s) in 0.0060 seconds

Deleting All Cells in a Table

Using the “deleteall” command, you can delete all the cells in a row. Given below is
the syntax of deleteall command.
deleteall ‘<table name>’, ‘<row>’,

Example

Here is an example of “deleteall” command, where we are deleting all the cells of
row1 of emp table.
hbase(main):007:0> deleteall 'emp','1'
0 row(s) in 0.0240 seconds
Verify the table using the scan command. A snapshot of the table after deleting the
table is given below.
hbase(main):022:0> scan 'emp'

ROW COLUMN + CELL

2 column = personal data:city, timestamp = 1417524574905, value =

chennai

2 column = personal data:name, timestamp = 1417524556125, value =

ravi

2 column = professional data:designation, timestamp = 1417524204,

value = sr:engg
2 column = professional data:salary, timestamp = 1417524604221,
value = 30000

3 column = personal data:city, timestamp = 1417524681780, value =

delhi

3 column = personal data:name, timestamp = 1417524672067, value =

rajesh

3 column = professional data:designation, timestamp = 1417523187,

value = jr:engg

3 column = professional data:salary, timestamp = 1417524702514,

value = 25000

Scaning using HBase Shell

The scan command is used to view the data in HTable. Using the scan command,
you can get the table data. Its syntax is as follows:
scan ‘<table name>’

Example

The following example shows how to read data from a table using the scan command.
Here we are reading the emp table.
hbase(main):010:0> scan 'emp'

ROW COLUMN + CELL

1 column = personal data:city, timestamp = 1417521848375, value =

hyderabad

1 column = personal data:name, timestamp = 1417521785385, value =

ramu

1 column = professional data:designation, timestamp =

1417585277,value = manager

1 column = professional data:salary, timestamp = 1417521903862,

value = 50000

1 row(s) in 0.0370 seconds

count
You can count the number of rows of a table using the count command. Its syntax is
as follows:
count ‘<table name>’
After deleting the first row, emp table will have two rows. Verify it as shown below.
hbase(main):023:0> count 'emp'
2 row(s) in 0.090 seconds
⇒ 2

truncate
This command disables drops and recreates a table. The syntax of truncate is as
follows:
hbase> truncate 'table name'

Example

Given below is the example of truncate command. Here we have truncated

the emp table.
hbase(main):011:0> truncate 'emp'
Truncating 'one' table (it may take a while):
- Disabling table...
- Truncating table...
0 row(s) in 1.5950 seconds
After truncating the table, use the scan command to verify. You will get a table with
zero rows.
hbase(main):017:0> scan ‘emp’
ROW COLUMN + CELL
0 row(s) in 0.3110 seconds

Versions:
get ‘table_name’, ‘ROW_KEY’,{COLUMN=>’coulumn_family:column’,VERSIONS=>’no of versions to
be displayed’}

Example: