EMERGENCY NURSING

PRE HOSPITAL Nursing AMBULANCE MUST KNOWS

Emergency principles ●​ driver (must not leave the
●​ Common sense ambulance)
●​ 90-5-5 ●​ beacons (Lights, Siren,
​ 90 % your safety Ambulance: pabaliktad)
​ 5% patient ●​ patient position (head first)
​ 5% by stander​ ​ Spine board
●​ BSI, Hand washing ​ Backboard
​ Body ●​ number of crew
​ Substance ​ 1 driver
​ Isolation ​ 2 nurse/EMT
●​ Calmness & Patience
●​ Do not treat at the site DISLOCATIONS & FRACTURES
●​ Rescue patient first DISLOCATIONS
●​ Ask help (CHANT) ●​ Misaligned bone from position
​ CASE FRACTURES
​ HELP ●​ Damage to bone integrity
​ ADDRESS
​ NAME NURSING CONSIDERATIONS
​ TELEPHONE ●​ Don't replace/stretch the bone
*There's no such thing as painless ●​ Cold pack
rescue ●​ PMS before/after splinting
​ pulse
●​ EARLY DETECTION. ​ motor
●​ EARLY REPORTING ​ sensory
●​ EARLY RESPONSE *Intact PMS means good circulation
●​ ON SCENE CARE *Bone injury Bandage (Joint-joint
●​ CARE IN TRANSIT Proxy-Dis)
●​ TRANSFER TO DEFINITIVE ●​ Splint (not too tight or too loose)
CARE *Treat the fracture depend on how you
see the fracture
*Basilar skull Fracture: Racoon eyes

Hypothermia
ALL part is giniginaw
●​ Mild
shivering, warm fluid intake
●​ Moderate
no shivering, blanket only
●​ Severe
seizures, blanket
●​ Profound
dead or Dying transport

S, MONDEGA. RN 2025
EMERGENCY NURSING

ACTIONS “MINUTES AFTER THE

FROSTBITE STING
●​ localized destruction of tissue - CURVED TWEEZERS
due to freezing temp
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS FIRE/ BURNS
●​ Waxy appearance (initial) Fire is HOT
●​ Black appearance (late) ●​ Heat is more threatening than
NURSING CONSIDERATIONS: flames.
●​ Soak in warm water untilit turns Fire is DARK
pink to red ●​ Fire isn't bright,it's PITCH
BLACK
FAINTING Fire is DEADLY
Temporary loss of blood in the brain ●​ Smoke and toxic gases kill
●​ Excitement more people than flames
●​ Lack of rest
●​ Low or High temperature ELEMENTS OF FIRE (FIRE
●​ Did not eat TETRAHADRON)

MANAGEMENT
●​ Alert, verbal, pain,
unresponsive, Level of Fuel: Anything na pwede masunog
consciousness
●​ If the face is red, raise the head OBJECTIVES
●​ If the face is pale, raise the tail ●​ RACE/ ARCE
●​ Supine if necessary ●​ AIRWAY
*Sternal Rub: if outside hospital ●​ NEVER REMOVE CLOTHES
​ Instead pour water
BEE STING ●​ THREE MAGIC WORDS
ACTIONS “INITIALLY” AFTER THE ​ Stop, Drop, Roll
STING ●​ MEDS VIA IV
1. SWIPE WITH A CARD ​ If body is burned, body
2.WASH will have paralytic ileus
3. MONITOR AIRWAY ​ Patient has NGT to
decompress

S, MONDEGA. RN 2025
EMERGENCY NURSING

RACE ARCE Volume kung ilang LRS ang

with patient no patient ibigay, weight is yung before pa
siya nasunog. IF PEDIA 2
Rescue Alarm
Goal of Burns
Alarm Rescue
●​ ABC
Contain/Confine Contain/Confine ●​ IV-LRS
●​ Analgesic
Extinguish/Evacu Extinguish/Evacu
●​ ABX (Antibiotics)
ate ate
●​ Temperature
●​ Weight
Assessing Burn Severity
●​ Rule of nine
JELLY FISH STING
Management for jellyfish stings
1.Pour sea water
2.Scrape the tentacles using a card
3.Vinegar/ baking soda
4.Calamine lotion
5.Transport

SNAKE BITE
●​ Assess the bite mark first
●​ Wash
●​ Keep the patient still
Don't use tourniquet.
VENOMOUS NONVENO
MOUS
●​ Rule of Palm
Sugat na sing laki ng palm =1% BITE
MARK

EYES

HEAD

SYMPTOMATIC MANAGEMENT
●​ if it causes muscle spasm- Give
Valium
●​ if it causes tachycardia- Give
digoxin

S, MONDEGA. RN 2025
EMERGENCY NURSING

AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION TRIAGE

GUIDELINES (2023) Definition of Triage
H- Hazard ●​ "Triage is the term derived from
B- Hello French verb trier meaning to
H-Help sort or to choose.”
C-Circulation GREEN NON WALKING
A-Airway URGE WOUNDED
B- Breathing NT

WHEN TO STOP CPR RED EMER ABC

GENT PROBLEM,
●​ Signs of life
SHOCK,MAJO
●​ Turnover to ambulance R ORGAN
●​ Operator exhausted
●​ Physician takes over YELLOW URGE ABC GOOD,
●​ Scene unsafe NT NO SHOCK,
*30 compressions after 2 breaths, EXTREMITIES
5 times in 2 minutes BLACK EXPEC EXPECTED
TANT TO DIE
CHOKING
1.​ CAN YOU COUGH? START SYSTEM
2.​ ENCOURAGE TO COUGH ●​ Simple Triage And Rapid
3.​ BACK BLOWS 5X Treatment
4.​ HEIMLICH 5X ●​ Only one crew will go to impact
REPEAT NUMBERS 3 and 4 site: Team Leader
*Universal Sign: Clenching of neck
Guess the tag!!
1.​ Sprained ankle -G
2.​ Knife on the neck -R
3.​ Decapitated- B
4.​ Gunshot wound on the thigh- R
5.​ Fractured elbow- Y
6.​ Toothache- G
7.​ CSF leak on the ears- R
8.​ Dislocated finger- Y
9.​ Myocardial infarction- R
10.​Impaled object on the cheeks-
R
11.​Basement fire- R
12.​Drowning- R
13.​Stroke- R
14.​DKA- R
15.​Bullet in the head- B

S, MONDEGA. RN 2025
EMERGENCY NURSING

DISASTER
●​ A sudden event that causes
great damage or loss of life
Example:
●​ "200 families lost their homes in
the disaster"
●​ "Disaster struck the minute the
train left the station"
●​ "The COVID pandemic caused
multiple financial disasters”

Questions about disaster

1.​ Who can declare a disaster?
​ mayor governor, president
2.​ Types of disasters?
​ Natural and man made

Man made disasters

●​ HAZMAT(Hazardous materials)
●​ Power disruption & blackout
●​ Nuclear power plant and
nuclear blast
●​ Chemical threat and biological
●​ Weapons
●​ Explosion

FOUR PHASES OF EMERGENCY

MANAGEMENT
PREPAREDNESS - Preparing for what
to do in an emergency
RESPONSE- Responding safely in an
emergency
RECOVERY - Recovering from an
emergency
MITIGATION-Preventing or minimizing
dangerous effects of emergencies

REVERSE TRIAGE
if may disaster yung mga ready to
discharge na pt sa hospital or pwede
nai discharge pauwiin na para ang
mag accommodate sa room is yung
mga red tag or yellow tag from disaster

S, MONDEGA. RN 2025