Quantum Computing: Opportunities and
Challenges
Abstract:
Quantum computing represents a revolutionary paradigm in computation, leveraging the principles
of quantum mechanics to solve problems that are intractable for classical computers.
This paper explores the current state of quantum computing, its applications, and the challenges
hindering its widespread adoption.
Keywords: Quantum Computing, Qubits, Superposition, Cryptography, Computational Complexity.
Introduction:
Unlike classical computers, which process information in binary form, quantum computers use
qubits that exist in superposition, enabling parallel computation.
This fundamental shift holds promise in fields such as drug discovery, optimization, and artificial
intelligence.
Literature Review:
Research by IBM, Google, and academic institutions has demonstrated quantum supremacy in
limited tasks.
Applications in cryptography (e.g., Shor’s algorithm) highlight both opportunities and threats to
cybersecurity.
Methodology:
The study analyzes peer-reviewed literature, technical reports, and experimental breakthroughs
from 2000 to 2023.
Discussion:
Challenges include error correction, decoherence, and the scalability of quantum processors.
Ethical implications revolve around data security and economic inequality in access to quantum
technology.
Conclusion:
While quantum computing is still in its infancy, it has the potential to transform multiple industries,
provided its technical and ethical challenges are addressed.
References:
- Nielsen, M.A., & Chuang, I.L. (2010). Quantum Computation and Quantum Information.
Cambridge University Press.
- Arute, F., et al. (2019). Quantum supremacy using a programmable superconducting processor.
Nature.
