Chapter-7

[Number System and Logic gate]

⇒ Number System
1) Decimal Number System ⇒ Base 10 (0-9)

2) Binary Number System ⇒ Base 2 (0, 1)

• Digits 0 and 1 are called bits and 8 bits together form a byte.

3) Octal Number System ⇒ Base 8 (o- 7)

Base 16 (0-9, A- f)
4) Hexadecimal Number System ⇒
• It is an alpha-numeric system.

⇒ Types of value
1) Base value
• Total number of diagits in-a number system.

• ex- Base value of Binary number system is 2 as total no. of digits are 2 (i. e. 0, 1)

2) Positional value
• The right most digit wilylhave a positional value of 0, the second right digit will
have a positional value of 1, the third right digit will have a positional value of 2
and so on.....

• Example in the number, 5467 positional value of 7 is 0, positional value of 6 is 1,

positional value of 4 is 2, positional value of 5 is 3.

3) Face Value
• It is the actual value of the number.
• Example - face value of digit 6 in number 5467 is 6 and so on....
⇒ Number System Conversion

1) Decimal to binary (25) = (?)

10 2

2 25 I

2 12 O Answer is (11001).

2 6 O

2 3 I

2 l 1
O

2) Decimal to Octal
(128710 = (? 78
8 128 0

16 Answer is (200) 8
8

8 2

3) Decimal to Hexadecimal (128),0 = (?) 16

16 128 O

16 8 8 Answer is (80) 16
O

4) Binary to Decimal (110112 = (?) 10

= (1×23)+(1×22) + 0×2' )#20

= 8 + 4 ⟂ 0 + 1

Answer is (13) 10
5) Binary to octal
( 11 0 1) 2 - = ( ? ) 8
0 0 1 1 0 /
Answer is (15)8
1 5

Table 1

6) Binary to Hexadecimal
l 10 1) 2 - ( ? ) /6

0 0 1 1 / 0 1 Answer is (3D) 1 0

3 13 = D

Table 2
 7) Octal to Binary (See table 1)

(35/8 = (?),
we know, 3 = 011
5 = 101

Hence answer is101110112 = (1110112

8) Octal to decimal
(22/8 = (?) 10

= (2×8') + (2×80)
Answer is (18) 10
= 16 + 2 = (18),

9) Octal to Hexadecimal
• Convert octal to a binary number (2278 = (?) 16
As 2 =(01012

h
So 22 = 010010 = (1001012
Answer is (c)"
• Convert binary to hexadecimal

00010010
we know 1121,= C
1 2

10) Hexadecimal to Binary (See table 2) (6 B) 16 = (2) 2

6 B

0110 1011 Hence Answer is (1101011)z

11) Hexadecimal to Octal (See table 2) 65 C) 16 = (18

6 5 c

0710 0101 1100

11 01011100 Hence Answer is (3134) 8

3 4
3

12) Hexadecimal to Decimal (121/16=1%0

= 1×104+4×10') + (✗ 16°) Answer is (289) 10
= 256 + 32 + 1 =/289310