“DYNAMIC DATA STRUCTURE VISUALISATION”

PROJECT REPORT (BCS304)

Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of

Bachelor of Engineering
In
Computer Science

Submitted to

Visvesvaraya Technological University

Belagavi – 590018, Karnataka.

Submitted By

Mr. Shivanand Aralikatti 2KE23CS126

Mr. Suhas Gosal 2KE23CS149
Mr. Tanzeel Ahamed 2KE23CS167
Mr. Veeresh Dhamanemath 2KE23CS177

Under the Guidance of

Mrs. Swati M. Sajjan

Department of Computer Science & Engineering
(NBA Accredited)

K. L. E. SOCIETY’S
K. L. E. INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
(Affiliated to VTU, Approved by AICTE and ISO 21001:2018 Certified Institute)
(ALL UG PROGRAMS ARE ACCREDITED BY NBA)
Hubballi-27

2024-2025
 K. L. E. SOCIETY’S
K. L. E. INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
(Affiliated to VTU, Approved by AICTE and ISO 21001:2018 Certified Institute)
(ALL UG PROGRAMS ARE ACCREDITED BY NBA)
Hubballi-27
K.L.E.S
Department of Computer Science & Engineering

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the Mini Project work entitled “Dynamic Data Structure Visualization”
is a Bonafide work carried out by Mr. Shivanand. H. Aralikatti (2KE23CS126), Mr. Suhas. K.
Gosal(2KE23CS149) ,Mr. Tanzeel Ahamed M M (2KE23CS167), Mr. Veeresh Dhamanemath
(2KE23CS177) in partial fulfilment for the award of degree of Bachelor of Engineering in III
Semester, Computer Science and Engineering, K.L.E. Institute of Technology under the
Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belagavi, during the year 2024-2025. It is certified that
all corrections/suggestions indicated for internal assessment have been incorporated in the report
deposited in the department library. The seminar report has been approved as it satisfies the
academic requirements in respect of seminar work prescribed for the said degree.

(Mrs. Swati M. Sajjan) (Dr. Rajesh Y)

Faculty Adivisor HOD

i
 DECLARATION

We, Shivanand. H. Aralikatti (2KE23CS126), Suhas. K. Gosal (2KE23CS149),Tanzeel

Ahamed M M (2KE23CS167), Veeresh Dhamanemath (2KE23CS177), Students of III
Semester B.E at K.L.E Institute of Technology, Hubbali .hereby declare that the project work
has been carried out by us and submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for III
Semester degree of Bachelor of Engineering in Computer Science & Engineering of
Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belgavi during academic year 2023-2024.

Date: 24/12/2024
Place: Hubballi

Name of the Students:

Mr. Shivanand.H

Mr.Suhas K Gosal

Mr. Tanzeel M M

Mr.Veeresh D

ii
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The project report on “Dynamic Data Structure Visualization” is the outcome of guidance, moral
support and devotion bestowed on me throughout our work. For this we acknowledge and express
our profound sense of gratitude and thanks to our guide Mrs. Swati M.Sajjan, we acknowledge
that we have learnt the importance of research and good presentation skills.

We feel deeply indebted to our HOD Dr. Rajesh Y for the constant support and encouragement in
all our endeavors. the academic ambience has helped us to excel in our academics.

We take this opportunity to offer our sincere thanks to our beloved Principal Dr. Manu T.M who
is always keen on enhancing the quality of teaching-learning and always a source of inspiration to
us.We would like to thank our Dean Academics Dr. Yerriswamy T for his constant encouragement
in our academic progress.

I want to extend my appreciation to Mrs. Swati M. Sajjan , our faculty advisor, for their valuable
contributions and guidance throughout the project. Their insights and advice have been crucial in
shaping the success of this endeavor.

Finally, we would like to thank all the staff of the Computer Science department for their valuable
help and support.

iii
 ABSTRACT

This project presents a system for Dynamic data visualization that integrates multiple data
structures, including stacks, queues, and linked lists, to facilitate efficient data manipulation and
representation. The implementation, developed in C, allows users to interactively manage data while
dynamically visualizing the state of these structures in real-time.

The system supports operations on various data structures: Stacks: Users can push, pop, and
view elements, with the stack’s state displayed dynamically. Queues: Circular queue operations,
including enqueue and dequeue, are visualized to highlight real-time changes in the queue. Linked
Lists: Single, circular, and doubly linked lists are supported, with operations such as node insertion,
deletion, and traversal, providing an immediate visual representation of the list’s structure and
connections.

By combining efficient C-based algorithms with real-time feedback, this project delivers an
interactive and educational tool for understanding fundamental data structures and their behavior,
serving as a powerful resource for students and developers alike.

iv
 CONTENTS

Certificate i

Declaration ii

Acknowledgement iii

Abstract iv

Chapter No. Chapter Name Page No.

1. Introduction 1

2. Methodology 4

3. Outputs 10

4. Conclusion 12

References 13
Dynamic Data Structure Visualization

CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION

1.1 Project Overview:

Data structures form the backbone of computer science, enabling efficient organization,
storage, and manipulation of data. Understanding the behaviour and functionality of these
structures is crucial for solving complex computational problems. This project focuses on
dynamic data visualization, providing a real-time representation of fundamental data structures
such as stacks, queues, and linked lists.

• Project Name: Dynamic Data Structure Visualization

Objective:

The primary objective of this project is to provide an intuitive platform that demonstrates the
functionality of various data structures and algorithms. By enabling interactive exploration and
visualization, the project aims to enhance understanding, promote efficient problem-solving,
and optimize system performance in computational scenarios. The system also integrates error-
handling mechanisms and scalability for advanced use cases.

Key Features:

1) Data Structure Implementations:

• The project implements essential data structures, including stacks, queues, linked
lists, trees, graphs, and hash tables, with detailed explanations of their operations.

2) Interactive Visualizations:

• Provides visual demonstrations of operations such as insertion, deletion, traversal,

and searching in data structures, ensuring better comprehension.
• Algorithm Demonstrations: Includes step-by-step visualization of algorithms such
as sorting (e.g., quick sort, merge sort), searching (e.g., binary search), and graph
traversal

Dept. of C.S.E 1 K.L.E. I.T. Hubballi

Dynamic Data Structure Visualization

3) Graphical User Interface (GUI):

• Featuring a Tkinter-based GUI, the system ensures a seamless and user-friendly

experience for interacting with data structures and algorithms.

4) Real-Time Performance Metrics:

• Displays the time complexity and space complexity of operations for each data
structure and algorithm in real-time.

5) Customization Options:

• Users can customize input data, adjust parameters, and test different scenarios for
various data structures and algorithms.

6) Error Handling and Input Validation:

• Includes mechanisms to handle invalid inputs, preventing runtime errors and

ensuring reliable execution.

7) Scalability for Future Enhancements:

• Designed to support the addition of advanced data structures (e.g., Fibonacci

heaps, tries) and complex algorithms (e.g., dynamic programming solutions).

Benefits:

• Enhanced Learning: Provides students and professionals with an interactive platform

to understand data structures and algorithms intuitively.
• Optimized Problem Solving: Supports users in selecting appropriate data structures
and algorithms for specific computational challenges.
• Improved System Design: Visual insights and performance metrics enable efficient
design and optimization of applications.
•

Dept. of C.S.E 2 K.L.E. I.T. Hubballi

Dynamic Data Structure Visualization

• Error Reduction: Interactive demonstrations minimize the risk of incorrect

implementations, ensuring accurate results.
• User-Friendly Experience: The GUI simplifies the exploration of data structures and
algorithms, making the tool accessible to users with varying levels of expertise.
• Broader Accessibility: Helps bridge the gap between theoretical concepts and practical
implementation, making DSA concepts accessible to students, educators, and
developers.

In essence, the Data Structures and Algorithms project serves as an invaluable tool for
learners, educators, and developers, facilitating a deeper understanding of computational
concepts and their practical applications. The outlined features and benefits highlight its
potential to address modern computational challenges and support innovative problem-solving.

Dept. of C.S.E 3 K.L.E. I.T. Hubballi

Dynamic Data Structure Visualization

CHAPTER 2

METHODOLOGY

2.1 System Requirements of the Project:

➢ Processor:

• Minimum: 1 GHz or faster.

• Recommended: 2 GHz or faster dual core.

➢ Memory (RAM):

• Minimum: 512 MB.

• Recommended: 1 GB or more.

➢ Storage:

• Minimum: 50 MB free space (sufficient for dataset storage and program files).

• Recommended: 500 MB or more (to accommodate larger datasets, libraries, or

additional modules).

➢ Operating systems:

• Windows 7 or later, MACOS, and UBUNTU.

2.2 Software Requirements:

➢ Operating System:

The tool requires a compatible operating system such as Windows 10 or later, macOS,
or a Linux distribution like Ubuntu, which is recommended for GCC compatibility.

➢ Programming Language:

The project is implemented using the C programming language, leveraging its

efficiency and simplicity for creating dynamic visualizations.

Dept. of C.S.E 4 K.L.E. I.T. Hubballi

Dynamic Data Structure Visualization

➢ Development Tools:

Tools like Code::Blocks, Visual Studio Code, or PyCharm serve as the preferred
Integrated Development Environments (IDEs), with a GCC-compatible compiler to
compile the C code effectively.

➢ Libraries:

The visualization leverages standard C libraries like <stdio.h> and <conio.h> (on
Windows) to facilitate ASCII-based console graphics for dynamic representations.

➢ Version Control and Debugging:

Git is used for version control, and GDB serves as a debugging tool to enhance code
reliability. Lightweight text editors such as Notepad++ or Sublime Text can also aid in
the development process.

2.3 Goals and Objectives:

The objective of this project is to develop an interactive tool for dynamic data visualization
that provides real-time insights into the behaviour of fundamental data structures. By allowing
users to visualize operations on stacks, queues, and linked lists, this project bridges the gap
between theoretical understanding and practical implementation.

• Develop an Interactive System: Create a user-friendly system to visualize operations on

common data structures in real-time.
• Visualization of Data Structure Operations: Showcase the changes that occur during
insertion, deletion, traversal, and other operations on stacks, queues, and linked lists
dynamically.
• Enhance Learning: Provide a tool for students and educators to understand data structures
more effectively through dynamic, step-by-step visualization.
• Real-time Feedback: Ensure immediate updates to the visualization as users interact with
the system.

Dept. of C.S.E 5 K.L.E. I.T. Hubballi

Dynamic Data Structure Visualization

2.4 Workflow

1) Implementation of Data Structures:

• Stack: Allow operations like push, pop, and display, highlighting the stack’s top
element dynamically.
• Circular Queue: Demonstrate enqueue and dequeue operations, visualizing the queue's
circular nature.
• Linked Lists: Implement single, circular, and doubly linked lists with visual pointers to
indicate connections between nodes.
2) Dynamic Visualization:
• Develop a mechanism to display the real-time state of data structures using graphical
representations in the console.

3) User Interaction:
• Design a menu-driven interface to facilitate operations on each data structure.
• Provide clear feedback for each action, with corresponding updates in the visualization.
4) Programming Efficiency:
• Optimize C code for smooth and efficient execution of visualization operations.

2.5 Tools and Technologies:

• Programming Language: C
• Development Environment: Code:Blocks, GCC, or any C IDE.
• Console Graphics: ASCII-based visualization for real-time display of operations.

This project aims to create a seamless blend of coding and visualization to enhance the
learning and practical application of data structures, making it an invaluable resource for
students and educators alike.

Dept. of C.S.E 6 K.L.E. I.T. Hubballi

Dynamic Data Structure Visualization

2.6 Algorithm

➢ Step 1: Initialize Data Structures

• Queue: Initialize a circular queue with a fixed size (SIZE = 5), using two
pointers: front and rear.
• Stack: Initialize an empty stack (top = -1).
• Linked Lists: Initialize head pointers for three types of linked lists (single,
circular, and doubly).
➢ Step 2: Main Menu
• Display Main Menu: Show options for different data structure operations
(Stack, Linked Lists, Circular Queue).
• Get User Input: Based on user input, navigate to the corresponding submenu
(Stack, Linked List, or Circular Queue).
➢ Step 3: Stack Operations Menu
• Display Stack Menu: Show options for Push, Pop, Display Stack.
• Get User Input: Based on the input, execute the corresponding operation:
o Push: Add a value to the stack. If the stack is full, print an error.
o Pop: Remove the top element from the stack. If the stack is empty, print
an error.
o Display: Print the current stack with top and bottom indicators.
➢ Step 4: Linked List Operations Menu
• Display Linked List Menu: Show options for Single Linked List, Circular
Linked List, and Doubly Linked List operations.
• Get User Input: Based on input, navigate to the respective list submenu.
➢ Step 5: Single Linked List Operations
• Display Single Linked List Menu: Show options for Append Node, Delete
Node, Display List.
• Get User Input: Based on input, execute the corresponding operation:
o Append Node: Insert a new node with the specified value at the end.
o Delete Node: Remove the first node from the linked list.
o Display: Print the current linked list, showing the node address and data.

Dept. of C.S.E 7 K.L.E. I.T. Hubballi

Dynamic Data Structure Visualization

➢ Step 6: Circular Linked List Operations

• Display Circular Linked List Menu: Show options for Append Node, Delete
Node, Display List.
• Get User Input: Based on input, execute the corresponding operation:
o Append Node: Insert a new node at the end and link it back to the head
to make it circular.
o Delete Node: Remove a node from the circular linked list.
o Display: Print the current circular linked list, showing the circular
connection.
➢ Step 7: Doubly Linked List Operations
• Display Doubly Linked List Menu: Show options for Append Node, Delete
Node, Display List.
• Get User Input: Based on input, execute the corresponding operation:
o Append Node: Insert a new node at the end and properly set both
previous and next pointers.
o Delete Node: Remove the first node, and adjust the previous pointer of
the next node.
o Display: Print the current doubly linked list, showing both previous
and next node addresses.
➢ Step 8: Circular Queue Operations Menu
• Display Circular Queue Menu: Show options for Enqueue, Dequeue, Display
Queue.
• Get User Input: Based on input, execute the corresponding operation:
o Enqueue: Insert a value at the rear of the queue, adjusting the rear
pointer. If the queue is full, print an error.
o Dequeue: Remove a value from the front of the queue, adjusting the
front pointer. If the queue is empty, print an error.
o Display: Print the current circular queue from front to rear.

➢ Step 9: Exit
• If the user selects the option to exit, display a message and terminate the
program.

Dept. of C.S.E 8 K.L.E. I.T. Hubballi

Dynamic Data Structure Visualization

2.7 Flowchart

Dept. of C.S.E 9 K.L.E. I.T. Hubballi

Dynamic Data Structure Visualization

CHAPTER 3

OUTPUTS

Figure 4.1

Figure 4.1 illustrates a menu that provides options for Stack Operations, Linked List Operations, and
Circular Queue Operations. Users can select an operation or choose to exit the program.

Figure 4.2

Figure 4.2 illustrates the Stack Menu, which provides options to perform Push, Pop, Display Stack, or
return to the Main Menu. The visualization shows the current state of the stack, with the topmost
element [5] clearly marked.

Dept. of C.S.E 10 K.L.E. I.T. Hubballi

Dynamic Data Structure Visualization

Figure 4.3

Figure 4.3 illustrates the Linked List Menu, offering options for Single Linked List Operations, Circular
Linked List Operations, Doubly Linked List Operations, or returning to the Main Menu. Users are
prompted to select their desired operation

Figure 4.4 illustrates the Circular Queue Menu, offering options for Enqueue, Dequeue, Display
Queue, or returning to the Main Menu. It displays the current state of the circular queue along
with the front and rear pointers.

Dept. of C.S.E 11 K.L.E. I.T. Hubballi

Dynamic Data Structure Visualization

CHAPTER 4

CONCLUSION

In conclusion, the dynamic data visualization tool demonstrates the effective use of C
programming for creating interactive and engaging visual representations. By leveraging
ASCII-based console graphics and efficient algorithms, the project offers a lightweight yet
powerful solution for visualizing data in real-time. The tool's simplicity and adaptability make
it an ideal choice for environments with minimal resources, while its modular design ensures
easy customization for various applications. This project highlights the potential of combining
programming fundamentals with creative design to deliver impactful and intuitive data
visualization experiences.

Furthermore, the modular architecture of the tool ensures flexibility and scalability, allowing
for easy customization to cater to diverse applications. Its design emphasizes simplicity while
delivering high functionality, making it an ideal choice for educational purposes, system
monitoring, or lightweight graphical interfaces. This project underscores the importance of
creative problem-solving and technical efficiency in developing practical tools for data
visualization

Dept. of C.S.E 12 K.L.E. I.T. Hubballi

Dynamic Data Structure Visualization

REFERENCES

[1] Cormen, T. H., Leiserson, C. E., Rivest, R. L., & Stein, C. (2009). Introduction to
Algorithms (3rd ed.). MIT Press.

• This book provides comprehensive coverage of data structures and algorithms,

including analysis and practical implementation of various data structures.

[2] Knuth, D. E. (1997). The Art of Computer Programming, Volume 1: Fundamental

Algorithms (3rd ed.). Addison-Wesley.
• A classic work on algorithms and data structures by one of the pioneers in computer
science, this book covers foundational data structures and their analysis.

[3] YouTube-

➢ Visualize Data Structures & Algorithms | Log2Base2

[4] Website-

➢ visualising data structures and algorithms through animation - VisuAlgo

Dept. of C.S.E 13 K.L.E. I.T. Hubballi