University of Science and Technology

Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology

Second Year- Semester 3
IS, IT,CS and ICT Departments
Network and Internet Essentials
Prepared by:
Raghda Ahmed Albadwi
Network and Internet Essentials
Lecture 01
Network Introduction
 Course Description
✓This course provides students with the
foundational knowledge and practical skills
required to understand how computer
networks and the internet function.
✓It introduces core networking concepts,
common internet protocols, network devices,
and the essentials of internet infrastructure.
 Course Objectives
By the end of this course, students will be able to:
✓Understand Networking Fundamentals.
✓Work with Network Devices and Tools.
✓Understand and Apply Internet Protocols.
✓Understand Internet Infrastructure and Services.
Course contents:
✓Network Introduction.
✓Network Models.
✓Network Topology.
✓Network Architecture.
✓Network Addressing.
✓Transmission Media.
Course contents:
✓Interconnection Devices.
✓TCP/IP Model.
✓OSI Model.
✓Internet Introduction.
✓Web and DNS.
Lecture Tips:
✓Network Definition.
✓Network Benefits.
✓Network Components.
✓Network Classification.
 What is a Network?
Network Definition:
✓A network is a group of interconnected
devices to share services and resources.
✓That mean connecting two or more devices
via link to share information and resources.
 Network Benefits
✓ Provide Resource Sharing (Data and hardware) which
reduce equipment costs.
✓ Increase storage capacity.
✓Provide services Allows groups of users to Information
Exchange (e-mail, facebook,twitter…etc)
✓Protect your system if you properly secure the
network.
 Network Components
1. Hardware Components.
2. Software Components
 Network Components
Hardware Components
✓ Computer (Server/Client).
✓ NIC(Network Interface Card):is a computer
hardware component that allows a computer
to connect to a network. Which contains
electronic circuit required to communicate
using a wired (Ethernet) or wireless connection
(wifi).
 Network Components
✓Transmission Media(wire/wireless).
•Wired (Twisted-pair, Coaxial cable, Fiber-optic…etc).
•Wireless (Infrared, Radio, Satellite, Microwave,
Bluetooth…etc).
✓ connection Devices( switch, hub, router…etc).
✓ Peripherals( printer, scanner, Fax machine….etc).
 Network Components
Software Components
✓NOS: Network Operating System:generally
reserved for software that enhances a basic
operating system by adding networking features
(Linux, Windows Server, Novell, Windows XP,
Windows 2000, Windows NT…etc).
✓Network protocols: The rules that govern
computer communication
 Network Classification
There are many fundamentals for classification:
✓Geographical Size(Area).
✓Network Topology.
✓Network Model.
✓Connections.
✓It can be a mixture of more than one type.
 Network Classification
Network classification according to geographical
area:
1. LAN:
A local area network (LAN) is a group of
computers and network communication devices
interconnected within a geographically limited
area, such as a building or a campus.
 Network Classification
LANs are characterized by the following:
➢They transfer data at high speeds (higher bandwidth).
➢They exist in a limited geographical area.
➢Connectivity and resources, especially the
transmission media, usually are managed by the
company running the LAN.
 Network Classification
2. WAN:
A wide area network (WAN) interconnects
LANs. A WAN can be located entirely within a
state or a country, or it can be interconnected
around the world.
 Network Classification
WANs are characterized by the following:
➢They exist in an unlimited geographical area.
➢ Lower bandwidth compared to LANs.
➢They usually interconnect multiple LANs.
➢They often transfer data at lower speeds (lower bandwidth).
➢Connectivity and resources, especially the transmission media,
usually are managed externally to organizations using the WAN.
 WAN Classification
WANs can be further classified into two
categories:
1. enterprise WANs:
An enterprise WAN connects the widely
separated computer resources of a single
organization.
 WAN Classification
2. global WANs:
A global WAN interconnects networks of
several corporations or organizations
(internet).
 Network Classification
3. MAN:
Metropolitan Area Networks(MANs)
A metropolitan area network interconnects users with
computer resources in a geographical area or region
large than that covered by even a large local area
network but smaller than the area covered by wide area
network.
 Network Classification
4. PAN:
A personal area network interconnecting devices
centered on individual person’s workspace.
5. SAN:
A storage area network which provides access to
block level data storage.
 Network Classification
Network classification according to Network
Topology:
1. Bus Topology.
2. Ring Topology.
3. Star Topology.
4. Mesh Topology.
5. Extended Topologies.
 Network Classification
Network classification according to Network
Models:
1. Peer to Peer Model.
2. Client-Server(Server based) Model.
 Network Classification
Network classification according to Connection:
1. Wire Networks.
2. Wireless Networks.
 Assignment 1
What is meant by the following:
✓Hybrid networks.
✓Cellular networks.
✓Network Bandwidth.
Thanks