CONVERSION TABLE

FPS AND METRIC SYSTEM

(TABLE – 1 TO 3)

TABLE – 1

FPS METRIC METRIC FPS

1 inch 25.40 mm = 2.54 cm 1 mm 0.03937 inch

1 feet 30.48 cm = 0.3048 m 1 meter 3.281 ft.
1 mile 1.609 km 1 km 0.6214 mile
1 gallon (UK) 4.546 liter 1 liter 0.22 gallon
1 pound 0. 4536 kg 1 kg. 2.205 lb
1 seer 0.9331 kg 1 kg 1.072 seer
1 mound 37.324 kg 1 kg 85.74 tolas
1 ton 1.016 tonne 1 tonne 0.984 ton = 1000 kg.
1 cwt. 0.508 quintal 1 quintal 1.969 cwt
1 in2 6.452 cm2 1 cm2 0.155 in2
1 ft2 0.093 m2 1 m2 10.764 ft2
 TABLE – 2
CONVERSION FACTOR CONVERSION FACTOR
British Remarks
Metric SI SI Metric British (FPS)
(FPS)
Length 1 in 25.4 mm 25.4 mm 1 mm 1 mm 0.0937 in 1 in = 2.54 cm
1 ft. 0.3048 m 0.3048 m 1 cm 1 cm 0.3937 in
1 yd 0.9144 m 0.9144 m 1m 1m 3.281 ft.
1 mile 1.609 km 1.609 km 1 km 1 km 0.6214 mi
1 mile 1.852 km 1.852 km 1 km 1 km 0.5399 mile
(nautical) (nautical)

Area 1 in2 6.452 cm2 6.452 cm2 1 cm2 1 cm 0.155 in2 1 in2 = 645.2 mm2
1 ft2 0.0929 m2 0.0929 m2 1 m2 1 m2 10.764 ft2 1 acre = 43561ft2 = 4047 m2
1 yd2 0.8361 m2 0.8361 m2 1 m2 1 m2 1.196 yd2 1 km2= 247.105 acres
1 mi2 2.59 km2 2.59 km2 1 km2 1 km 0.3861 mi2 1 hectre = 10000 m2
acre 0.4047 ha 0.4047 ha 1 ha 1 ha 2.471 acre

Volume 1 in3 16.387 cm3 16.387 cm3 1 cm3 1 cm3 0.061 in3 1 ft3 = 6.23901 gal = 28.316
1 ft3 0.02832 m3 0.02832 m3 1 m3 1 m3 35.315 ft3 liters
1 yd3 0.7648 m3 0.7648 m3 1 m3 1 m3 1.308 yd3 1 bushel = 36.37 liters
1 gal (UK) 4.546 liters 4.546 liters 1 liter 1 liter 0.22 gal (UK)
1 gal (US) 3.7854 liters 3.7854 liters 1 liter 1 liter 0.264 gal (US)

Moment of 1 in4 41.623 cm4 41.623 cm4 1 cm4 1 cm4 0.024 in4
Inertia 1 ft4 0.008631 m4 0.008631 m4 1 m4 1 m4 115.86 ft4

Power, 1 hp 0.7457 kw 0.7457 kw 1 kw 1 kw 1.341 hp 1 J = 1 Nm

Work, 1 Btu 1.055 kilo 1.055 kilo 1 kj 1 kj 0.9478 Btu 1 hp = 1.01387 metric hp
Energy, joules joules
Quantity 1 kcl 1 kcl 3.9651 Btu = 1550 ft-lb/sec
of heat 1 W = 1 J/sec

Miscellaneous Units:

1 great gross = 12 gross = 144 dozen

1 quire=24 sheets
1 gross=12 dozen = 144 units
1 ream = 20 quires = 480 sheets
1 dozen=12 units
1 ream printing paper = 500 sheets
1 score=20 units

TABLE – 3
 CONVERSION FACTOR CONVERSION FACTOR
Remarks
British
Metric SI SI Metric British (FPS)
(FPS)
Mass 1 gr. 0.0648 gm 0.0648 gm 1 gm 1 gm 15.432 gm 1 lb = 0.486 seer
1 oz 28.349 gm 28.349 gm 1 gm 1 gm 0.0353 oz 1 kg = 1.072 seer
(avoir) 0.4536 kg 0.4536 kg 1 kg 1 kg 2.205 lbs = 85.74 tolas
1 lb
(avoir)
Conc. 1 lb 0.4536 kg 4.4482 N 1N 0.102 kg 0.2248 lb 1 kg = 2.2046 lb
load/force, 1 kip 453.6 kg 4.4482 kN 1 kN 101.96 kg 224.81 lb = 9.807 N
mass, weight 1 ton 1.016 tonne 9.964 kN 1 kN 101.96 kg 2.007 cwt 1 tonne = 10 quintal
(1016 kg) = 1000 kg
1 cwt 50.80 kg 0.4982 kN = 26.7923 mound
1 kg = 0.01968 cwt
1 ton = 2200 lb
=907.2 kg.
Linear loads 1 lb/in 0.01786 kg/mm 0.17512 1 N/mm 0.102 kg/mm 5.71 lb/in 1 kg/m = 9.80 N/m
(load per unit 1 lb/ft. 1.488 kg/m N/mm 1 kN/m 101.96 kg/m 68.52lb/ft. = 0.672 lb/ft.
length) 1 kip/ft. 1488.19 kg/m 0.0146 kN/m 1 kN/m 0.102 tonne/m 0.031 ton/ft
1 ton/ft 3.333 tonne/m 14.5939 kN/m
32.69 kN/m

Surface 1 lb/in2 0.0703 kg/cm2 6.895 kN/m2 1 mN/m2 10.15 kg/m2 145.038 lb/in2 1 kg /c m2 =
loads 1 lb/ft. 2 4.883 kg/m2 47.8803 1 kN/m2 101.92 kg/m2 20.885 lb/ft2 2048.312lb/ft2
(load per unit 1 kip/ft2 4883 kg/m2 kN/m2 1 kN/m2 0.102 tonne/ 0.00933 1 kg/cm2 = 1 atom
area) 1 ton/ft2 10.937 tonne /m2 47.8803 m2 ton/ft2 1 kg/m2 = 0.205 lb/ft2
kN/m2
107.14 kN/m2

Density 1 lb/in3 0.0000277 0.00027N/ 1 N/mm3 0.1021 kg/mm3 3703.70 lb/in3 1 kg/m3 = 0.0624 Ib/ft3
(unit weight) 1 lb/ft3 kg/mm3 mm3 1 kN/m3 101.92 kg/m3 6.361 lb/ft3
1 ton/ft3 16.02 kg/m3 0.1572 kN/m3 1 kN/m3 0.102 0.0028 ton/ft3
35.90 tonne/m3 352.08 kN/m3 tonne/m3

Stress, 1 lb/in2 0.703 kg/cm2 6.895 kPa 1 mPa 10.15 kg/cm2 145.038 lb/in2 MPa = MN/m2 = N/mm2 =
modulus of 1 kip/in2 70.3078 kg/cm2 6.895 mPa 1 kPa 101.92 kg/m2 20.885 lb/ft2 1000 kN/m2
elasticity, 1 lb/ft2 4.883 kg/m2 47.8803 Pa 1 Pa = 1N/m2
pressure 1 kN = 224.809 lbs
1 kg/cm2 = 14.223 lb/in2
1 ft. of water = 2.989 kPa

Moment/ 1 lb-in 11.5214 kg-mm 112.98 N-mm 1 N-mm 0.102 kg-mm 0.0088lb-in
Torque 1 lb-ft 0.1383 kg-m 1.3558 N-m 1 N-m 0.102 kg-m 0.738 lb-ft
1 kip-ft 138.3 kg-m 1.3558 kN-m 1 kN-m 0.102 tonne-m 0.3293 ton-ft
1 ton-ft 0.31 tonne-m 3.037 kN-m

Velocity/ 1 ft/sec 0.3048 m/sec 0.3048 m/sec 1 m/sec 1 m/sec 3.281 ft/sec
Speed 1 1.609 km/sec 1.609 km/sec 1 km/sec 1 km/sec 2237.42 mi/hr
mile/sec 0.4470 m/sec 0.4470 m/sec
1 mile/hr
Acceleration 1 ft/sec2 0.3048 m/sec2 0.3048 1 m/sec2 1 m/sec2 3.281 ft/sec2
m/sec2

Temperature 1 degree Fahrenheit (0F) = (t0-32)/1.8 degree Celsius (0C)

(Celsius)

UNIT WEIGHT OF DIFFERENT ENGINEERING MATERIALS AND

WEIGHT OF DIFFERENT STEEL SECTIONS
(TABLE – 4 TO 8)
 TABLE – 4
UNIT WEIGHT OF ENGINEERING MATERIALS
Unit Weight of Different Materials Unit Weight of M.S. Flat Bars**
Unit weight Size Weight
Materials
lb/cft kg/cum inch mm* lb/rft kg/meter
Asphalt 66 1057
¾ x 1/8 20 x 3 0.32 0.471
Aluminium 165 2643
¾ x 3/16 20 x 5 0.48 0.785
Bamboo 25 400
¾x¼ 20 x 6 0.64 0.942
Bitumen 65 1040
1 x 1/8 25 x 3 0.43 0.589
Brass 534 8552
1 x 3/16 25 x 5 0.64 0.981
Bricks 69 1110
1x¼ 25 x 6 0.85 1.178
Brick ballast 60-70 960-1120
1 ¼ x 1/8 30 x 3 0.53 0.707
Brick chips 80-110 1280-1760
1 ¼ x 3/16 30 x 5 0.80 1.178
Brick work 120 1922
1¼x¼ 30 x 6 1.06 1.413
Cast iron 450 7207
1 ½ x 1/8 40 x 3 0.64 0.942
Cement 90 1440
1 ½ x 3/16 40 x 5 0.96 1.570
Cement concrete 140 2240
1½x¼ 40 x 6 1.28 1.884
Clay ( dry to wet) 115-130 1840-2080
2 x 3/3/16 50 x 5 1.28 1.9625
Coal (loose) 50 800
2x¼ 50 x 6 1.70 2.335
Copper 556 8905 UNIT WEIGHT OF M.S. SOLID SQUARE BARS
Earth (compacted & damp) 100 1600 Size Weight
Earth (dry & loose) 90 1440 inch mm* lb/rft kg/meter
Garjan timber 45-50 720-800
½x½ 12 x 12 0.851 1.130
Gravel 90 1440
¾x¾ 20 x 20 1.914 3.140
Lead 710 11371
1x1 25 x 25 3.403 4.906
Lime concrete 120 1920 UNIT WEIGHT OF M.S. Z-SECTION
Lime (slaked to fresh) 40-60 640-960 Size Weight
Lime stone 150 2400 inch mm* lb/rft kg/meter
Macadam (tar) 140 2242
¾ x ¾ x ¾ x 1/8 20 x 20 x 20 x 3 0.851 1.272
Marble 169 2707
¾ x ¾ x ¾ x 3/16 20 x 20 x 5 1.196 1.963
Mild steel 490 7850
1 x 1 x 1/8 25 x 25 x 3 1.170 1.625
Pebbles 90 1440
1 x 1 x 3/16 25 x 25 x 5 1.675 2.551
Plain concrete 144 2300 UNIT WEIGHT OF M.S. ANGLE
Reinforced cement concrete 150 2400 Size Weight
Sal wood 60-65 960-1040 inch mm* lb/rft kg/meter
Sand (dry to wet) 100-120 1600-1920
¾ x ¾ x 1/8 20 x 20 x 3 0.585 0.871
Shingles 90 1440
¾ x ¾ x 3/16 20 x 20 x 5 0.837 1.374
Silver 656 10506
¾x¾x¼ 20 x 20 x 6 1.063 1.601
Stone ballast 100 1600
1 x 1 x 1/8 25 x 25 x 3 0.798 1.107
Sundari wood 55-65 880-1040
1 x 1 x 3/16 25 x 25 x 5 1.156 1.766
Surki 80 1280
1x1x¼ 25 x 25 x 6 1.489 2.072
Surki mortar 85-120 1360-1920
1 ½ x 1 ½ x 1/8 40 x 40 x 3 1.223 1.813
Tar 90 1440
1 ½ x 1 ½ x 3/16 40 x 40 x 5 1.794 2.944
Teak wood 45-55 720-880
1½x1½x¼ 40 x 40 x 6 2.339 3.485
Water at 40 C 62.45 1000
2 x 2 x 3/16 50 x 50 x 5 2.432 3.729
Wrought iron 480 7688
2x2x¼ 20 x 20 x 6 3.190 4.427
2½x2½x¼ 65 x 65 x 6 4.041 5.840
3x3x¼ 75 x 75 x 6 4.891 6.782
3 x 3 x 5/16 75 x 75 x 8 6.048 8.918
** Unit weight with respect to FPS measurements of materials
* Measurements in soft conversion

TABLE – 5

WEIGHT OF M.S. TEES PER RFT

Size in inch Weight in Size in inch Weight Size in inch Weight Size in inch Weight in
lbs. in lbs. in lbs. lbs.
1 x 1 x 1/8 0.81 1½x1½x¼ 2.35 2¼x2¼x¼ 3.64 3 x 3 x 3/8 7.20
 1x1x¼ 1.54 1¾x1¾x¼ 2.79 2½x2½x¼ 4.07 3x3x½ 9.38

1 ¼ x 1 ¼ x 3/16 1.50 1 ¾ x 1 ¾ x 3/16 2.11 2 ½ x 2 ½ x 5/16 5.00 3 ½ x 3 ½ x 3/8 8.49

1¼x1¼x¼ 1.88 2x2x¼ 3.21 2 ½ x 2 ½ x 3/8 5.92 3½x3½x½ 11.08

1 ½ x 1 ½ x 3/16 1.81 2 x 2 x 3/8 4.64 3x3x¼ 4.91

TABLE – 6

WEIGHT OF M.S SHEET / PLATE PER SFT.

Thickness in Weight in Thickness in Weight in Thickness in Weight in Thickness
Weight in lbs.
BWG lbs. inch lbs. inch lbs. in inch
24 1.01 1/16 2.55 5/16 12.75 5/8 25.50
22 1.27 1/8 5.10 3/8 15.30 3/4 30.60
20 1.59 3/16 7.65 7/16 17.85 7/8 35.70
18 2.04 1/4 10.20 1/2 20.40 1 40.80

TABLE – 7
CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA AND MASS OF ROUND BAR1

Nominal Size Bar No. Cross-sectional Perimeter in mm Mass per running Length per 100 kg in
(dia in mm) area in mm2 meter in kg meter

1
 4 12.6 12.7 0.099 1010.10

5 19.6 15.71 0.154 644.35

6 2 28.3 18.85 0.222 450.45

7 38.5 21.99 0.302 331.12

8 50.3 25.13 0.395 253.16

10 3 78.5 31.42 0.616 162.34

12 4 113.0 37.70 0.888 112.61

16 5 201.0 50.27 1.579 63.33

20 6 314.0 62.83 2.466 40.55

22 7 380.0 69.11 2.980 33.56

25 8 491.0 78.54 3.854 25.95

28 9 616.0 87.96 4.830 20.70

32 10 804.0 100.53 6.313 15.8

40 1257.0 125.66 9.864 10.14

TABLE – 8

WIRE AND SHEET METAL GAUGES IN DECIMALS OF AN INCH

Name of United States Standard Gauge United States Steel American or Brown New British Imperial or Birmingham or Stubs
Gauge Wire Gauge & Sharpe Wire Birmingham English Legal Iron Wire Gauge
Gauge Standard Sheet Standard Wire Gauge (BWG)
& Hoop Gauge (SWG)
 Principle Use Uncoated Steel Sheets and Light Steel Wire except Non-Ferrous Iron and Steel Wire Strips, Bands, Hoops
Plates Music Wire Sheets and Wire Sheets and and Wire
Hoops
Weight Approximate
Gauge No. Thickness in inch
oz. per sq. ft. thickness in inch
7/0's 0.4960 . 0.6666 0.5
6/0's 0.4615 0.5800 0.625 0.464
5/0's 0.4305 0.5165 0.5883 0.432 0.5
4/0's 0.3938 0.4600 0.5416 0.4 0.454
3/0's 0.3625 0.4096 0.5 0.372 0.425
2/0's 0.3310 0.3648 0.4452 0.348 0.38
0 0.3065 0.3249 0.3964 0.324 0.34
1 0.2830 0.2893 0.3532 0.3 0.3
2 0.2625 0.2576 0.3147 0.276 0.284
3 160 0.2391 0.2437 0.2294 0.2804 0.252 0.259
4 150 0.2242 0.2253 0.2043 0.25 0.232 0.238
5 140 0.2092 0.2070 0.1819 0.2225 0.212 0.22
6 130 0.1943 0.1920 0.1620 0.1981 0.192 0.203
7 120 0.1793 0.1770 0.1443 0.1764 0.176 0.18
8 110 0.1644 0.1620 0.1285 0.157 0.16 0.165
9 100 0.1495 0.1483 0.1144 0.1398 0.144 0.148
10 90 0.1345 0.1350 0.1019 0.125 0.128 0.134
11 80 0.1196 0.1205 0.0907 0.113 0.116 0.12
12 70 0.1046 0.1055 0.0808 0.0991 0.104 0.109
13 60 0.0897 0.0915 0.072 0.0882 0.092 0.095
14 50 0.0747 0.0800 0.0641 0.0785 0.08 0.083
15 45 0.0673 0.0720 0.0571 0.0699 0.072 0.072
16 40 0.0598 0.0625 0.0508 0.0626 0.064 0.065
17 36 0.0538 0.0540 0.0453 0.0556 0.056 0.058
18 32 0.0478 0.0475 0.0403 0.0495 0.048 0.049
19 28 0.0418 0.0410 0.0359 0.044 0.04 0.042
20 24 0.0359 0.0348 0.032 0.0392 0.036 0.035
21 22 0.0329 0.0318 0.0285 0.0349 0.032 0.032
22 20 0.0299 0.0286 0.0253 0.0313 0.028 0.028
23 18 0.0269 0.0258 0.0226 0.0278 0.024 0.025
24 16 0.0239 0.0230 0.0201 0.0248 0.022 0.022
25 14 0.0209 0.0204 0.0179 0.022 0.020 0.020
26 12 0.0179 0.0181 0.0159 0.0196 0.018 0.018
27 11 0.0164 0.0173 0.0142 0.0175 0.0164 0.016
28 10 0.0149 0.0162 0.0126 0.0156 0.048 0.014
29 9 0.0135 0.0150 0.0113 0.0139 0.036 0.013
30 8 0.0120 0.0140 0.01 0.0123 0.024 0.012
31 7 0.0105 0.0132 0.0089 0.011 0.0116 0.01
32 6.5 0.0097 0.0128 0.008 0.0098 0.0108 0.009
33 6 0.0090 0.0118 0.0071 0.0087 0.01 0.008
34 5.5 0.0082 0.0104 0.0063 0.0077 0.0092 0.007
35 5 0.0075 0.0095 0.0056 0.0069 0.0084 0.005
36 4.5 0.0067 0.0090 0.005 0.0061 0.0076 0.004
37 4.25 0.0064 0.0085 0.0045 0.0054 0.0068
38 4 0.0060 0.0080 0.004 0.0058 0.006
39 0.0075 0.0035 0.0043 0.0052
40 0.0070 0.0031 0.0039 0.0048
U.S. Standard Gauge is officially a weight Gauge, in oz. Per sq. ft as tabulated. The approximate thickness shown is the "Manufacturers' Standard" of the
American Iron and Steel Institute, based on steel as weighing 501.81 Ib. per cu. ft. (489.6 true weight plus 2.5% for average over-run in area and thickness).

 Dry volume of concrete, mortar etc. = 1.5 x wet volume(approx.)

 100 maunds of slaked lime or sand or Surki = 225 cft. (2.25 cft. = 1 maund)

 100 cft. of khoa or brick chips required 850 Nos. bricks of size 9.5" x 4.5" x 2.75"

 Standard Bricks (9.5" x 4.5" x 2.75")1000 Nos. = approx. 72 cft. = 2.039 cum = 3172 to 4000 kg.

 1 bag of cement (British) = 1.25 cft. = 50 kg. (BDS EN 197 CEM-I)

 1 Ton of C.I. Sheet (24 B.W.G.) = 10 bundles

  1 bundle =

Size of C.I. sheet No of C.I. sheet Size of C.I. sheet No of C.I. sheet

6' – 0" long 12 Nos . 8' – 0" long 9 Nos

7' – 0" long 10 Nos. 9' – 0" long 8 Nos

10' – 0" long 7 Nos.

 Width of C.I. Sheet = 32 inch

 950 rft. of barbed wire (12 B.W.G.) = 1 cwt.

 200 Nos. of 2.5" long nails = 1 seer

 1 gallon of plastic emulsion paint / synthetic enamel paint covers 300 sft. of new surface (approx.)

 1 gallon of distemper covers 250 sft. of new surface (approx.)

 1 drum (40 kg) of snowcem covers 2070 square meters . (approx.)

 100 cft masonry brick work requires 1100 nos standard bricks (size 9.5" x 4.5" x 2.75") with 0.25” thickness
of mortar.

Brick Soling:

 Single brick flat soling requires : 300 Nos. bricks per % sft. (Brick size 9.5" x 4.5" x 2.75")

 Double brick flat soling requires : 600 Nos. bricks per % sft. (Brick size 9.5" x 4.5" x 2.75")

 Herringbone bond (HBB) brick soling requires : 500 Nos. bricks pre % sft. (Brick size 9.5" x 4.5" x 2.75")

 Brick on end edging requires : 250 Nos. bricks per % rft. (Brick size 9.5" x 4.5" x 2.75")