Simplification Formula & Shortcut Chart
1. Basic Identities
(a+b)^2 = a^2 + 2ab + b^2
(a-b)^2 = a^2 - 2ab + b^2
(a+b)(a-b) = a^2 - b^2
(x+y+z)^2 = x^2 + y^2 + z^2 + 2(xy+yz+zx)
(x-y-z)^2 = x^2 + y^2 + z^2 - 2(xy+yz-xz)
2. Cube Identities
(a+b)^3 = a^3 + b^3 + 3ab(a+b)
(a-b)^3 = a^3 - b^3 - 3ab(a-b)
a^3+b^3 = (a+b)(a^2-ab+b^2)
a^3-b^3 = (a-b)(a^2+ab+b^2)
3. Fraction Rules
(a/b) ÷ (c/d) = (a/b) × (d/c)
(a/b) + (c/d) = (ad+bc)/bd
(a/b) - (c/d) = (ad-bc)/bd
4. Percentage & Ratio
x% of y = (x/100) × y
x : y = x/y
a% of b = b% of a
5. Squares & Square Roots
(a+1)^2 = a^2 + 2a + 1
(a-1)^2 = a^2 - 2a + 1
Square root shortcut → use last digit rules
6. Approximations
(100+x)^2 = 10000 + 200x + x^2
(100-x)^2 = 10000 - 200x + x^2
(100+x)(100+y) = 10000 + 100(x+y) + xy
(100-x)(100-y) = 10000 - 100(x+y) + xy
7. Divisibility Rules
By 2 → last digit even
By 3 → sum of digits ÷3
By 5 → last digit 0 or 5
By 9 → sum of digits ÷9
By 11 → (sum odd digits – sum even digits) ÷11
8. Multiplication Shortcuts
95×96 = (100-5)(100-4) = 9120
104×107 = (100+4)(100+7) = 11128