Lesson 1: Motifs and Symbols
Introduction
Motifs and Symbols Introduction
Decorative motifs and symbols are integral elements in art and design, where motifs refer to
recurring patterns or themes used to adorn objects or spaces, while symbols carry deeper
meanings that convey ideas, concepts, or cultural significance. When combined, motifs and
symbols can enhance the aesthetic appeal of a design while also communicating rich narratives
or identities. Whether through geometric patterns, floral designs, or figurative representations,
the use of motifs and symbols allows for a nuanced expression of creativity and meaning,
bridging visual appeal with cultural or historical context. This interplay enriches the viewer's
experience, offering both beauty and insight.
Decorative Motifs and Symbols Classification
MOTIF
A motif is an image, spoken or written word, sound, act, or another visual or structural device
that has symbolic significance. It is used to develop and inform the theme of a literary work.
The concept of a motif is related to a theme, but unlike a theme which is an idea or message, a
motif is a detail that is repeated in a pattern of meaning that can produce a theme while creating
other aspects at the same time.
It is closely related to a theme or a symbol and uses different narrative elements, It is constantly
repeated to represent a dominant or central idea or theme in a work of art. It relates more to
thought which is used to support a theme.
Motifs typically are used in one of three ways:
•A single object that appears multiple times throughout the work with most of the emphasis
placed on the item.
•A collection of related objects that appear multiple times to emphasize the theme.
•A collection of seemingly unrelated items that serve to draw attention to the theme in a subtler
manner.
Classification of Motif The motifs or units of a textile design may be classified as:
•Geometric
•Realistic or Natural
•Stylized
•Abstract
1. Geometric Motif - These motifs include lines in various forms. such as vertical, horizontal,
diagonal and curved.
They form fabric designs, such as stripes, plaids, checks and circles and their associated
designs. Geometric designs lead the eye in the design or pattern that is created by them.
2. Realistic or Natural Motif - Natural motifs portray as direct replicas of things as they exist in
nature, such as flowers on trees, animals in the jungle, human figures and other natural things.
They are also called novelty patterns. As these motifs lack a designer's creativity and require a
three-dimensional platform to copy reality, they do not find wide acceptance in apparel
designing.
3. Stylized Motif - These are simplified variations of natural or man-made objects that are no
longer recognizable. These motifs are full of creativity. as they are the result of a designer's
interpretation of naturally existing things. Stylized motifs are obtained by rearranging the real
objects either by simplifying or exaggerating them to achieve the purpose of the design.
4. Abstract Motif - These are combinations of color, size, and shape without relationship to
natural or man-made objects. They are full of color and interest in the fabric. Abstract implies an
element of impression and a greater freedom that is found in most geometric designs. This type
of design is used in modern art.
SYMBOL
Symbols are objects, pictures, words, or sounds that represent abstract ideas, meanings, or
concepts, facilitating communication and understanding across cultures and history. Derived
from the Greek word "symbolon," symbols convey both revelation and concealment, providing a
common reference point for disparate ideas. They can be representational or abstract, individual
or repeated, and are used to impose power, assert identity, or communicate ideas, particularly
in societies where literacy is limited. Symbols are universal, transcending time, and can be
found in language, names, and various forms of expression, influencing how we interpret and
understand the world around us.
1. Iconograms are illustrative representations. They are iconic signs which, as an illustrative
representation. emphasize the points in common between the signifier and the signified.
2. Pictograms are pictorial representations, such as ISOTYPE. Pictograms are iconic signs
which represent complex facts, not through words or sounds but through visual carriers of
meaning.
3. Cartograms - are topographical complex functions (statistics, etc.) and iconic facts, for
example an atlas or the ground plan of a house.
4. Diagrams are functional representations. They are visual signs which represent
representations, but are more functional carriers that illustrate, for example. a sequence of facts
or functions.
5. Ideograms - represent concepts. Typically. ideograms correspond to the sign as a symbol
which relates to the object or concept referred to, independently of any format identification with
it.
6. Logograms are conceptual representations like writing. They are visual, referential linguistic
signs that do not take the phonetic dimension into consideration.
7. Typograms are typographical representations. A typogram is a sign that is also composed of
a sign. derived from a written repertoire such as the alphabet.
8. Phonograms are phonic representations. A phonogram is a sign that is used to signify
linguistic or other sounds.
