Kamala Education Society’s

Pratibha International School and Jr College

Chinchwad, Pune
PT 1 Test – Set A Answer Key
Std- 12th Subject: Biology ( 044) Total- 35 marks

General Instruction
(i) All questions are compulsory.
(ii) The question paper has five sections and questions. All questions are
compulsory.
(iii) Section–A has 8 questions of 1 mark each; Section–B has 2 questions of 2 marks
each; Section– C has 3 questions of 3 marks each; Section– D has 1 case-based
questions of 4 marks each; and Section–E has 2 questions of 5 marks each.
(iv) There is no overall choice. However, internal choices have been provided in some
questions. A student has to attempt only one of the alternatives in such questions.
(v) Wherever necessary, neat and properly labelled diagrams should be drawn.

SECTION - A
QNO. Question Marks
1. The structure of bilobed anther consists of 1
(a) 2 thecae, 2 sporangia
(b) 4 thecae, 4 sporangia
(c) 4 thecae, 2 sporangia
(d) 2 thecae, 4 sporangia
2. A female undergoing IVF treatment has blocked fallopian tubes. The technique by 1
which the embryo with more than 8 blastomeres will be transferred into the
female for further development is
(a) ZIFT
(b) GIFT
(c) IUT
(d) AI
3. Which of the following hormones is not secreted by the human placenta ? 1
(a) LH
(b) Estrogen
(c) Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (HCG)
(d) Relaxin
4. Identify the layers given in the digaram 1

(a) a-Connective, b- epidermis, c- Sporogenous Tissue , d- Tapetum

(b) a-Epidermis, b- Connective, c- Sporogenous Tissue , d- Tapetum
(c) a-Connective, b- epidermis, c- Tapetum Tissue , d- Sporogenous
(d) a-Connective, b-Tapetum s, c- Sporogenous Tissue , d- epidermis

5. The wall layer of microsporangium which nourishes the pollen grain is: 1
(a) epidermis
(b) endothecium
(c) middle layers
(d) tapetum
6. The biological process involved in the formation of gametes is called______. 1
(a) Oogenesis
(b) Gametogenesis
(c) Spermatogenesis
(d) None of these

7. Which of the following is a primary organ of the female reproductive system? 1

(a) Vagina
(b) Uterus
(c) Ovary
(d) Testes
8. Directions: In the following questions, a statement of assertion is followed by a 1
statement of reason.
Mark the correct choice as:
Assertion : In human male, testes are extraabdominal and lie in scrotal sacs.
Reason : Scrotum acts as thermoregulator and keeps testicular temperature
lower by 2°C for normal spermatogenesis.
(a) If both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct
explanation of Assertion.
(b) If both Assertion and Reason are true but Reason is not the correct
explanation of Assertion.
(c) If Assertion is true but Reason is false.
(d) If both Assertion and Reason are false.
SECTION – B
9. Draw neat label diagram of Sperm 2
ANS:

Or
Draw neat label diagram of T. S of Ather
ANS:

10. What do you think is the significance of reproductive health in a society? 2

ANS: Reproductive health is the total well being in all aspects of reproduction. It includes
physical, emotional, behavioural, and social well being.
Sexually transmitted diseases such as AIDS, gonorrhoea, etc. are transferred from
one individual to another through sexual contact. Hence, it is necessary to create
awareness among people, especially the youth, regarding various reproduction
related aspects as the young individuals are the future of the country and they are
most susceptible of acquiring sexually transmitted diseases.
Creating awareness about the available birth control methods, sexually transmitted
diseases and their preventive measures, and gender equality will help in bringing
up a socially conscious healthy family.
Spreading awareness regarding uncontrolled population growth and social evils
among young individuals will help in building up a reproductively healthy society.
 SECTION – C

11. Write a short note on Fertilization in human reproduction 3

ANS:  Fertilization is the natural life process, which is carried out by the fusion of
both male and female gametes, which results in the formation of a zygote.
 In humans, the process of fertilization takes place in the fallopian tube.
 During this process, semen comprising thousands of sperms are
inseminated into the female vagina during coitus. The sperms move
towards the uterus and reach the opening of the fallopian tube. only a few
sperms will succeed in reaching the opening of the fallopian tube.
 The secondary oocyte releases from the matured Graffian follicle of the
ovary and enters into the fallopian tube, where it is fertilized within 24
hours, after which it is released from the ovary.
 Though surrounded by several sperms, the oocyte is fertilized by a single
sperm. During meiosis-II, the sperm enters the secondary oocyte and
completes the meiosis. After this, the secondary oocyte is known as the egg.
 Both sperm and egg can show their vitality only to a limited period. Sperm
is alive for 48-72 hours in a female reproductive system, whereas the egg
can be fertilized for 24 hours before it is released.

12. Where does the process of mega sporogenesis start in an angiosperm? Describe 3
the process up to the formation of embryo sac?
ANS:
 The female reproductive part of the flower, the gynoecium, may be
monocarpellary or multicarpellary. Each pistil consists of – the stigma
(pollen grains landing site), style (long slender section below stigma) and
the ovary (pistil’s bulged section).
 The ovarian cavity present in the ovary comprises the placenta from where
the megasporangia emerge, commonly referred to as the ovules.
 The ovule consists of the following structures- funicle, hilum, integuments,
micropyle, chalaza, nucellus, embryo sac or the female gametophyte. An
ovule is formed from a megaspore.
 The formation of megaspores from the MMC(megaspore mother cell) is
referred to as megasporogenesis.
 Mostly, one of the four megaspores is functional and develops into the
female gametophyte(embryo sac); the rest are degenerate.
 At maturity, a typical angiosperm embryo sac, although it depicts 8-
nucleated but is 7-celled.

Or

ANS: Is sex education necessary in school? Why ?

 Reproductive health is the total well being in all aspects of reproduction. It
includes physical, emotional, behavioural, and social well being.
 Sexually transmitted diseases such as AIDS, gonorrhoea, etc. are
transferred from one individual to another through sexual contact. Hence,
 it is necessary to create awareness among people, especially the youth,
regarding various reproduction related aspects as the young individuals
are the future of the country and they are most susceptible of acquiring
sexually transmitted diseases.
 Creating awareness about the available birth control methods, sexually
transmitted diseases and their preventive measures, and gender equality
will help in bringing up a socially conscious healthy family.
 Spreading awareness regarding uncontrolled population growth and social
evils among young individuals will help in building up a reproductively
healthy society.

13. What is menstrual Cycle? Which hormones regulate menstrual cycle? 3

ANS:  The menstrual cycle is the female reproductive cycle characterized by

cyclic changes in the uterine lining.
 The menstrual cycle is regulated by gonadotropins secreted by the anterior
pituitary (FSH and LH).
 FSH stimulates growth, development, and hormonal secretion of Graafian
follicle and ovum maturation.
 LH stimulates maturation of Graafian follicle and LH surge between 12 to
14 days of cycle stimulates rupture of Graafian follicle and release of ovum
i.e. ovulation. Gonadotropins also stimulate developing follicles to secrete
progesterone and estrogen which in turn prepare the uterus for
implantation and exert negative feedback regulation on the secretion of
gonadotropins after ovulation.
 Or
The figure given below shows 3 sperms A, B and C.
a) Which one of the three sperms will gain entry into the ovum?
b) Describe the associated changes induced by it on P and Q.

a) Sperm A
b) In the figure given, Sperm ‘A’ has come in contact with the zona pellucida layer
(P) of the ovum (Q), it will induce changes in the membrane that will block the
entry of additional sperms (B and C). Thus, it ensures that only one sperm can
fertilise the ovum. The secretions of the acrosome of sperm A will help it to enter
into the cytoplasm of the ovum (Q) through the zona pellucid (P) and the plasma
membrane, this will induce the completion of the meiotic division of the
secondary oocyte (Q). The second meiotic division in Q being unequal will result
in the formation of a second polar body and a haploid ovum. Then, the haploid
nucleus of the sperm ‘A’ and that of the ovum (Q) will fuse together to form a
diploid zygote.

SECTION – D
14. Study the diagram of the female reproductive system given below. Answer the 4
questions based on the diagram.

(i) What does the diagram depict?

(ii) At what stage zygote can be introduced in the fallopian tube in Zygote Intra
Fallopian Transfer (ZIFT)?
 (iii) Mention any two events that are inhibited by the intake of oral
contraceptive pills to prevent pregnancy in humans and explain it.

ANS: (i) The diagram depicts the process of vasectomy and tubectomy.
(ii) 8-celled stage
(iii) Two events that are inhibited by the intake of oral contraceptive pills to
prevent pregnancy in humans are ovulation and implantation.

SECTION – E
15. With the help of neat label diagram describe Male reproductive system in detail. 5
ANS:
Human male reproductive system:
Human male reproductive system consists of testes (primary sex organs),
scrotum, vas deferens, urethra, penis and accessory glands.
1. Testes: A pair of testes lies outside the abdominal cavity of the male. These
testes are the male gonads, which produce male gametes (sperms) and male sex
hormone (Testosterone). Along the inner side of each testis lies a mass of coiled
tubules called epididymis. The Sertoli cells of the testes provide nourishment to
the developing sperms.
2. Scrotum: The scrotum is a loose pouch-like sac of skin which is divided
internally into right and left scrotal sacs by muscular partition. The two testes lie
in the respective scrotal sacs. It also contains many nerves and blood vessels. The
scrotum acts as a thermoregulator organ and provides an optimum temperature
for the formation of sperms. The sperms develop at a temperature of 1-3⁰C lower
than the normal body temperature.
3. Vas deferens:
It is a straight tube which carries the sperms to the seminal vesicles. The sperms
are stored in the seminal plasma of seminal vesicle, which is rich in fructose,
calcium and enzymes. Fructose is a source of energy for the sperm. The vas
deferens along with seminal vesicles opens into ejaculatory duct which expels the
sperm and its secretions from seminal vesicles into the urethra.
4. Urethra:
It is contained inside the penis and conveys the sperms from the vas deferens
which pass through the urethral opening. The accessory glands associated with
the male reproductive system consist of seminal vesicles, prostate gland and
Cowper’s glands. The secretions of these glands form seminal fluid and mixes with
the sperm to form semen. This fluid provides nutrition and helps in the transport
of sperms.
 (i)Explain the formation of placenta after the implantation in a human female.
(ii)Draw a diagram showing human foetus within the uterus and label any four
parts in it.

Formation of placenta :
(i) After implantation, finger-like projections appear on the trophoblast called
chorionic villi.

(ii) Chorionic villi are surrounded by the uterine tissue and maternal blood.

(iii) The chorionic villi and uterine tissue become interdigitated with each other
and jointly form a structural and functional unit between developing embryo
(foetus) and maternal blood called placenta.

16. Given below are certain situations. Analyse the situation and suggest the name of 5
suitable contraceptive device along with mode of action.

ANS: Situation Requirement of contraceptive for - Name of

contraceptive device

1 blocking the entry of sperms Diaphragms

through cervix
2 spacing between children Cu
3 effective emergency contraceptive Oral Pills

4 terminal method to prevent any Tubectomy

more pregnancy in female
5 sterilization in male Vasectomy