CUTTING EDGE ADVANCED: MODULE 6
nr derivations definitions / synonyms opposites
1. doggedness (n) the quality of being determined and not giving up hesitance, weakness
easily; tenacity, perseverance, determination
dogged (adj.) tenacious, determined, resolute half- hearted, hesitant,
tentative
doggedly (adv.) persistently, resolutely half- heartedly,
hesitantly
2. prenuptial (adj.) existing or occurring before marriage
prenuptial a legal document that is written before a man and a
agreement (n) woman get married, in which they agree things
such as how much money each will get if they
divorce
3. paranoid (adj.) afraid or suspicious of other people and believing trusting
that they are trying to harm you, in a way that is
not reasonable; overly suspicious, irrationally
anxious
paranoiac (n) / someone who is paranoid
paranoid (n)
paranoia (n) a mental illness in which a person may wrongly
believe that other people are trying to harm them
4. charitable (adj.) helping people who are poor or in need; kind and uncharitable, mean,
sympathetic in the way you judge people; harsh
humanitarian, generous, big-hearted
charitably (adv.) kindly, especially when you are judging other uncharitably
people
charity (n) kindness, humanitarianism, generosity unkindness
5. flash (v) shine very brightly for a short time; sparkle,
glimmer, gleam
flashy (adj.) glittery, ostentatious plain, understated
flashily (adv.)
flashiness (n)
6. miser (n) a person who loves money and hates spending it; spendthrift
scrooge, penny-pincher
miserly (adj.) stingy, thrifty generous
7. lavish (v) give a lot of sth, often too much, to sb/sth economize
lavishly (adv.)
lavishness (n)
lavish (adj.) large in amount, or impressive, and usually costing economical
a lot of money; extravagant, luxurious,
sumptuous
8. ingenious (adj.) very suitable for a particular purpose and resulting uncreative,
from clever new ideas; (of a person) having a lot of unimaginative
clever new ideas and good at inventing things;
creative, inventive, clever
1
ingenuity (n)
ingeniously (adv.)
9. suspicious (adj.) belief or feeling that somebody has done sth trusting, trustful
wrong; suspecting or being suspected; doubtful,
skeptical, mistrustful
suspiciously (adv.)
suspicion (n) cautious distrust; intuition, hunch certainty
10. elude (v) manage to avoid or escape from sb/sth, especially
in a clever way; if sth eludes you, you are not able
to achieve remember or understand it
elusive (adj.) difficult to find, remember or understand; clear, understandable,
difficult to capture; evasive; incomprehensive attainable
11. commute (v) travel regularly by bus, train, car, between your
place of work and your home
commutable (adj.)
. commuter (n) a person who travels into a city to work each day,
usually from quite far away
12. budding (adj.) beginning to develop or become successful; withering, dying,
promising, developing, flowering shrinking
bud (n) a small lump that grows on a plant and from which
a flower, leaf or stem develops; flower or leaf that
is not fully open
bud (v) form a bud
13. subordinate (v) treat sb/sth as less important than sb/sth else;
subjugate
subordinate (adj.) inferior, lesser, minor superior, senior
subordinate (n) a person who has a position with less authority and
power than somebody else in an organization;
assistant, junior, second in command
subordination (n)
14. legacy (n) money or property that is given to you by sb when
they die; inheritance, heritage
15. dysfunctional (adj.) not working normally or properly
dysfunction (n)
16. offspring (n) a person’s child or children; the young of an
animal; baby, child, young
17. scald (v) burn oneself or part of one’s body with very hot freeze
liquid or steam; burn, scorch, sear
scalding (adj.) extremely hot, boiling, burning cold
scald (n) burn
18. unanimous (adj.) a vote, decision or agreement in which all the split, divided
people involved agree about sth; like-minded,
united, undivided
unanimously (adv.) in complete agreement, unitedly, concertedly
2
19. plummet (v) fall suddenly and quickly from a high level or rise, soar, increase
position; drop, fall, decrease
plummet (n) a steep and rapid fall or drop
20. expend (v) use or spend a lot of time, money or energy; pay save, conserve
out, disburse, consume
expense (n) money spent on sth
Word pairs. Write compound or complex sentences with each word in the following word pairs
to show the difference in meaning between them. No simple sentences allowed.
1. devise (v)/ device (n)
2. access (v)/ excess (adj.)
3. brand (v/ n)
Paraphrasing
1. Although most celebrities’ lavish taste for luxury is exemplified in their collection of flashy
jewelry regardless of expense, the superstars usually stand out for their charitable nature.
2. The jury unanimously found the paranoid defendant who had deliberately poured scalding water
on his disabled wife and youngest offspring, guilty.
Proverbs
1. Take care of the pennies and the pounds will take care of themselves. = If you take care of
little things one at a time, they can add up to big things
2. A good name is better than riches. = A good reputation is worth more than any amount of
money.
3. Neither a borrower nor a lender be. = do not lend or borrow money from a friend, because if
you do so, you will lose both your friend and your money.
4. Money is the root of all evil. = Money is the main cause of wrongdoing and problems. The love
of money is sadly the primary cause of many terrible things that happen in the world.
5. Fortune knocks at least once at every man’s gate. = Opportunity comes to everyone at least
once, and when it does come we should seize it, for Opportunity seldom knocks twice.
