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14

CHARACTERISTIC DESCRIPTION
1. Vocabulary (Từ vựng):
1.1. Positive Personality Vocabulary (Các từ miêu tả tính cách mang nghĩa tích cực)

Word Meanings Example

adaptable dễ thích nghi Michael can be as adaptable and quick to learn as

/əˈdæptəbl/ anyone else.
adorable đáng yêu What an adorable child!
/əˈdɔːrəbl/
alert tỉnh táo She was alert to the slightest sound.
/əˈlɜːrt/
ambitious tham vọng George is very ambitious. He won't stop until he
/æmˈbɪʃəs/ reaches the top.
brave dũng cảm That boy is so brave. He protected the girl from the
/breɪv/ snake.
calm bình tĩnh That man is always cool and calm.
/kɑːm/
capable có năng lực My secretary is very capable.
/ˈkeɪpəbl/
charming cuốn hút She's a charming person.
/ˈtʃɑːrmɪŋ/
cheerful vui vẻ My son is a cheerful person.
/ˈtʃɪrfl/
confident tự tin She is really confident in herself.
/ˈkɑːnfɪdənt/
cooperative có tính hợp tác I love working with him. He's very cooperative.
/koʊˈɑːpərətɪv/
courageous can đảm I hope he can be more courageous to speak out his
/kəˈreɪdʒəs/ idea.
decisive quyết đoán A manager needs to be decisive.
/dɪˈsaɪsɪv/
determined cương quyết He is a very determined person.
/dɪˈtɜːrmɪnd/
diligent chuyên cần My son is a diligent student.
/ˈdɪlɪdʒənt/
dynamic năng động Teenagers nowadays are very dynamic.
/daɪˈnæmɪk/
encouraging khích lệ You could try being a little more encouraging!
/ɪnˈkɜːrɪdʒ/
energetic năng động You look so energetic today. What happen?
/ˌenərˈdʒetɪk/
enthusiastic nhiệt tình In my class, there is one enthusiastic student.
/ɪnˌθuːziˈæstɪk/
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fair công bằng She has always been scrupulously fair.

/fer/
faithful trung thành He has always been a faithful husband.
/ˈfeɪθfl/
frank thẳng thắn He was very frank about his relationship with that
/fræŋk/ actress.
friendly thân thiện The local people here are very friendly.
/ˈfrendli/
humorous hài hước I like humorous people.
/ˈhjuːmərəs/
generous hào phóng They are so generous to let us stay here for free.
/ˈdʒenərəs/
gentle dịu dàng Men prefer gentle women.
/dʒentl/
helpful hay giúp đỡ He is a kind and helpful person.
/ˈhelpfl/
kind-hearted tốt bụng That is a very kind-hearted man.
/kaɪnd ˈhɑːrtɪd/
knowledgeable thông thái James is so knowledgeable. He seems to know
/nɑːlɪdʒəbl/ everything.
mature trưởng thành My son is 15 years old but he looks so mature.
/məˈtʃʊr/
obedient ngoan ngoãn Teachers like to teach obedient students.
/əˈbiːdiənt/
protective che chở Parents are very protective of their children.
/prəˈtektɪv/
proud tự hào He is a very proud person.
/praʊd/
punctual đúng giờ Employers only want to have punctual employees.
/ˈpʌŋktʃuəl/
quiet yên lặng She is a very quiet person.
/ˈkwaɪət/
romantic lãng mạn Why don't you ever give me flowers? I wish you'd be
/roʊˈmæntɪk/ more romantic.
sensitive nhạy cảm He is a sensitive guy.
/ˈsensətɪv/
thoughtful thấu đáo I've never seen a more thoughtful person like him.
/ˈθɔːtfl/
trustworthy đáng tin cậy My father is a trustworthy person.
/ˈtrʌstwɜːrði/
unbiased khách quan That man is famous for being an unbiased judge.
/ʌnˈbaɪəst/
wise khôn ngoan He is a wise man.
/waɪz/
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1.2. Negative Personality Vocabulary (Các từ miêu tả tính cách mang nghĩa tiêu cực):

Word Meanings Example

aggressive hung hãn He gets aggressive when he's drunk.

/əˈɡresɪv/
arrogant kiêu căng Josh is so arrogant. He thinks he's better than everybody.
/ˈærəɡənt/
boring tẻ nhạt He is a very boring man.
/ˈbɔːrɪŋ/
careless bất cẩn You are so careless.
/ˈkerləs/
clumsy vụng về That boy is so clumsy. He always drops things and
/ˈklʌmzi/ stumbles.
fierce dữ tợn He suddenly looked fierce.
/fɪrs/
foolish đần độn What a foolish man!
/ˈfuːlɪʃ/
forgetful hay quên She has become very forgetful in recent years.
/fərˈɡetfl/
greedy tham lam You are so greedy. You've already had two helpings!
/ˈɡriːdi/
grumpy cộc cằn That old lady is always grumpy.
/ˈɡrʌmpi/
gullible cả tin The advertisement is aimed at gullible young women
/ˈɡʌləbl/ worried about their weight.
ignorant dốt nát He's ignorant about modern technology.
/ˈɪɡnərənt/
jealous đố kỵ That lady is an extremely jealous wife.
/ˈdʒeləs/
lazy lười biếng The lazy students often get bad results.
/ˈleɪzi/
materialistic thực dụng Children today are so materialistic.
/məˌtɪriəˈlɪstɪk/
mean bủn xỉn You are so mean. Don't tease her anymore.
/miːn/
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naughty nghịch ngợm Your son is so naughty!

/ˈnɔːti/
noisy ồn ào You are so noisy. Can't you see I'm studying?
/ˈnɔɪzi/
possessive ích kỷ Jimmy's very possessive about his toys.
/pəˈzesɪv/
rude thô lỗ You are too rude! You must greet people when you see
/ruːd/ them.
selfish ích kỷ It was selfish of him to leave all the work to you.
/ˈselfɪʃ/
snobbish hợm hĩnh I can't stand his snobbish action.
/ˈsnɑːbɪʃ/
stingy keo kiệt You're stingy!
/ˈstɪndʒi/
sulky hay hờn dỗi Sarah had looked sulky all morning.
/ˈsʌlki/
thoughtless khinh suất It's so thoughtless of you to forget her birthday.
/ˈθɔːtləs/
vengeful hay thù hằn He was not a vengeful man.
/ˈvendʒfl/
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READING
Xuan, Thu and Son each are describing a person they know.
Xuan
Ms. Lien is my English teacher and my favorite among all teachers in my school. She is tall and
thin. She has a round face, a high nose and big brown eyes. She’s very beautiful with long brown
hair. She dresses very well, usually better than other teachers. She is quite young, just twenty-six
years old. She is still unmarried.
Thu
My sister is Phuong. She is twenty years old. She is a student. She is short but not fat. Her hair is
short and black. It is very beautiful. She has an oval face with a small nose, full lips and black
eyes. She is very hard-working and careful. She dreams of being a doctor in the future.
Son
This is Mr. Duc, my uncle. He is a hard-working farmer. He is quite old but good-looking. He is
tall and heavy. He has a square face with big eyes and thin lips. His hair is short and gray. Every
day, he gets up early and works on the farm. He is very strong.

Xác định những thông tin dưới đây là đúng (True) hay sai (False).
7.Xuan’s teacher is thin but not tall. 12.Ms. Lien has an oval face with a high
nose.
True False
True False
8.Son’s uncle isn’t very good-looking.
13.Phuong’s eyes are black.
True False
True False
9.Mr. Duc has short gray hair.
14.Mr. Duc has a square face.
True False
True False
10.Phuong has short brown hair.
15.Mr. Duc is a farmer and he is old.
True False
True False
11.Ms. Lien has brown eyes and brown hair.
16.Phuong has an oval face with thin lips.
True False
True False
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LISTENING
Listen and fill ONE word for each blank to complete the sentence.
1. He was ______ of himself for not giving up.
2. It was very ______ of you to send the flowers. Thank you so much!
3. He's such a ______ man! I don't want to talk to him anymore.
4. I was ______ enough to believe what Jeff told me.
5. Children often feel ______ when a new baby arrives.
6. Do you think I'm being ______ by not letting her go?
7. He's so ______! He gives me flowers every day.
8. That ______ man always gives useful advice to anyone in need.
9. Jane is 16 but she's very ______ for her age.
10. Everyone here was very ______ towards me.

Listen and rearrange the words to complete the sentence.

1. My/ is/ grandma/ a/ woman./ grumpy
2. today/ Girls/very/ are/ materialistic.
3. to be/ He's/ successful./ determined
4. No one/ and diligent/ is/ more/ than/ punctual/ Jeff.
5. people./ I/ to/ work/ love/ with/ cooperative
6. encouraging/ Teachers/ be/ should/ students./ towards/ their
7. the keys/ It's/ of/ so/ careless/ to/ you/ forget/ table./ the/ on
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SPEAKING
- Khi miêu tả về tính cách của một ai đó, ta thường nghe thấy người nói dùng các trạng từ có
mức độ khác nhau để miêu tả (so/ very/ quite/ really/ relatively/ a bit/ a little/ slightly).
Ví dụ:
+ He is so capable. He can do anything.
+ John is a bit jealous whenever his girlfriend talks to another guy.
- Khi miêu tả về tính cách một người nào đó, ta thấy người nói hay cho thêm ví dụ về hành động
của người đó để củng cố thêm sự chính xác khi miêu tả của họ.
Ví dụ:
+ Tom is a very hard-working person. He always stays late after work.
+ Peter is very reserved. He never talks about his feeling.
- Ta thấy khi người bản ngữ muốn nói về một tính cách mang tính tiêu cực của một người nào
đó, họ thường dùng ngôn ngữ nhẹ nhàng hoặc phủ định các từ mang nghĩa tích cực để tránh gây
mất lòng với người nghe.
Ví dụ
+ He can be aggressive at times.
– tránh nói "He is aggressive."
+ He is not very smart.
– tránh nói "He is stupid."
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PRACTICE
Describe a character in a book you have read or a film you have seen.
You should say:
Who this character is?
When did you first see/ read about him/ her?
What kind of person is this character?

Example:
I'm especially interested in a character - Sheldon Copper from the Big Bang Theory TV show.
Sheldon is characterized as being highly intelligent (thông minh), but he tends to display
childish qualities (tính cách trẻ con), such as extreme stubbornness (bướng bỉnh), meanness
(xấu tính) and he also believes that he is always in the right.
His intellect (trí tuệ) and obsession (ám ảnh) with logical reasoning (suy luận logic) make
him extremely socially awkward (khó xử về mặt xa hội), often seeming to behave more like a
computer than a human.
In his mannerisms (cách hành xử), Sheldon also shows symptoms associated with obsessive-
compulsive personality disorder (rối loạn nhân cách ám ảnh cưỡng chế), such as knocking
and saying the person's name three times whenever approaching any doors.
Although geeky and cocky (lập dị và tự mãn), Sheldon Cooper still shows that he is loyal
(trung thành) and reliable (đáng tin), he’s the kind of person you can count on (dựa vào/ phó
thác) to show up when he says he will. He is also always worried and concerned overly about
the safety or health of his best friends.