Array Problems - From Basic to Advanced
1. Reverse an Array
Description: Given an array, reverse it without using extra space.
Input: arr = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
Output: [5, 4, 3, 2, 1]
2. Find Maximum and Minimum in Array
Description: Find the largest and smallest elements in the array.
Input: arr = [10, 4, 7, 2, 9]
Output: Max = 10, Min = 2
3. Two Sum Problem (Two Pointer)
Description: Find indices of two numbers in a sorted array such that they add up to a target.
Input: arr = [2, 3, 4, 7, 11], target = 9
Output: [1, 3] (2 + 7 = 9)
4. Move Zeroes to End
Description: Move all zeroes in the array to the end while maintaining the order of other elements.
Input: arr = [0, 1, 0, 3, 12]
Output: [1, 3, 12, 0, 0]
5. Merge Two Sorted Arrays
Description: Merge two sorted arrays into one sorted array without using extra space.
Input: arr1 = [1, 3, 5], arr2 = [2, 4, 6]
Output: [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]
6. Find Missing Number
Description: Find the missing number in an array containing numbers from 1 to n.
Input: arr = [1, 2, 4, 5], n = 5
Output: 3
7. Subarray with Given Sum
Description: Find a continuous subarray that adds to a given sum.
Input: arr = [1, 4, 20, 3, 10, 5], sum = 33
Output: Subarray [20, 3, 10]
8. Trapping Rain Water (Two Pointer)
Description: Given elevation heights, compute how much water can be trapped after raining.
Input: arr = [0, 1, 0, 2, 1, 0, 1, 3, 2, 1, 2, 1]
Output: 6
9. Kadane's Algorithm
Description: Find the maximum sum subarray in the given array.
Input: arr = [-2, 1, -3, 4, -1, 2, 1, -5, 4]
Output: 6 (Subarray: [4, -1, 2, 1])
10. Longest Consecutive Sequence
Description: Find the length of the longest consecutive elements sequence.
Input: arr = [100, 4, 200, 1, 3, 2]
Output: 4 (Sequence: 1, 2, 3, 4)
11. 3Sum Problem
Description: Find all unique triplets in the array which gives the sum of zero.
Input: arr = [-1, 0, 1, 2, -1, -4]
Output: [[-1, -1, 2], [-1, 0, 1]]
12. Maximum Product Subarray
Description: Find the contiguous subarray within an array which has the largest product.
Input: arr = [2, 3, -2, 4]
Output: 6 (Subarray: [2, 3])
13. Rotate Array
Description: Rotate the array to the right by k steps.
Input: arr = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7], k = 3
Output: [5, 6, 7, 1, 2, 3, 4]
14. Find Duplicate Number
Description: Find the duplicate number in an array of n+1 integers where each integer is between 1
and n.
Input: arr = [3, 1, 3, 4, 2]
Output: 3
15. Sliding Window Maximum
Description: Given an array and window size k, find the maximum in each sliding window.
Input: arr = [1,3,-1,-3,5,3,6,7], k = 3
Output: [3, 3, 5, 5, 6, 7]
