Students having short attendance are required to do this assignment.
1. a. Explain the role of DDL commands in a relational database.
b. Differentiate between DDL and DML commands.
c. Provide examples of DDL commands and their use.
2. a. What is the purpose of DML in a database?
b. Compare and contrast the INSERT, UPDATE, and DELETE commands in SQL.
c. How does a transaction in DML ensure data consistency?
3. a. Describe the basic structure of an SQL SELECT statement.
b. Explain the difference between the WHERE and HAVING clauses in SQL.
c. Provide an example of a nested SQL query and explain its use.
4. a. Define the ACID properties in the context of database transactions.
b. How does the concept of isolation contribute to the ACID properties?
c. Discuss the importance of ACID properties in ensuring data integrity.
5. a. What are SQL joins, and why are they essential in database queries?
b. Differentiate between INNER JOIN and OUTER JOIN with examples.
c. Explain the concept of a self-join in SQL.
6. a. Describe the three-tier architecture of a relational database system.
b. What is the role of the database management system (DBMS) in a database
architecture?
c. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of a distributed database architecture.
7. a. Explain the purpose of E-R diagrams in database design.
b. What are entities and relationships in an E-R diagram?
c. How does cardinality play a crucial role in defining relationships in E-R diagrams?