Report on Conversion of Binary Codes
Name: Musaib Shaikh
Course: Polytechnic (IT)
Subject: Digital Techniques
Date: [Insert Date]
Submitted to: [Insert Teacher Name]
1. Introduction
In digital electronics, information is represented in binary (0s and 1s). However, for different applications, we
use different types of binary codes like BCD, Gray, Excess-3, and ASCII. The process of changing from one
code to another is called conversion of binary codes. This is useful in digital systems, communication, and
computing for simplification and accuracy.
2. Common Binary Codes
1. Binary Number - Represents data in base-2 (e.g., 1010 = 10 in decimal).
2. BCD (Binary Coded Decimal) - Each digit of a decimal number is represented by 4-bit binary.
Example: 59 -> 0101 1001
3. Gray Code - Only one bit changes between consecutive numbers. Used in error correction and rotary
encoders.
4. Excess-3 Code - Derived by adding 3 to the decimal number and converting it to binary.
5. ASCII Code - 7-bit or 8-bit codes used to represent text characters in computers.
3. Types of Conversions
a) Binary to BCD
Break the binary number into decimal digits and convert each to 4-bit binary.
Example: 45 -> 0100 0101
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Report on Conversion of Binary Codes
b) Binary to Gray
First bit remains the same; each next bit is XOR of previous binary bit and current binary bit.
Example: Binary 1010 -> Gray 1111
c) Gray to Binary
First bit same; each binary bit = previous binary bit XOR current Gray bit.
Example: Gray 1111 -> Binary 1010
d) Binary to Excess-3
Convert decimal to binary, then add 3 and convert that to binary.
Example: Decimal 5 -> Binary 0101 -> Add 3 -> 8 -> 1000
e) ASCII to Binary
Each character is converted to a 7 or 8-bit ASCII binary code.
Example: 'A' -> 1000001
4. Applications
- Microprocessors and Microcontrollers
- Digital Communication
- Memory Storage
- Keyboard encoding
- Error Detection & Correction
5. Advantages of Code Conversion
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Report on Conversion of Binary Codes
- Simplifies digital design
- Helps in compatibility between devices
- Reduces error rate
- Improves communication efficiency
6. Conclusion
Understanding binary code conversion is essential in digital systems. It helps devices communicate
accurately and allows efficient data processing. As an IT student, mastering these conversions builds a
strong foundation for advanced computing.
Signature:
Musaib Shaikh
Date: [Insert Date]
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