Physics Formulas and Constants Momentum and Impulse

1st Semester - Mechanics 𝜌 = 𝑚𝑣

∆𝜌 = 𝑚𝑣𝑓 − 𝑚𝑣𝑖
Forces ∆𝜌 = 𝑚(𝑣𝑓 − 𝑣𝑖 )
𝐹 = 𝑚𝑎 ∆𝜌 = 𝐹𝑡
𝑊𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 = 𝑚g 𝜌𝑖 = 𝜌𝑓
𝐺𝑚1 𝑚2
𝐹𝑔 = 𝜌1𝑖 + 𝜌2𝑖 = 𝜌1𝑓 + 𝜌2𝑓
𝑑2 𝑚1 𝑣1𝑖 + 𝑚2 𝑣2𝑖 = 𝑚1 𝑣1𝑓 + 𝑚2 𝑣2𝑓
Kinematics 𝑚1 𝑣1𝑖 + 𝑚2 𝑣2𝑖 = 𝑚(1+2) 𝑣𝑓
𝑑 0 = 𝑚1 𝑣1𝑓 + 𝑚2 𝑣2𝑓
𝑣𝑎𝑣𝑔 =
𝑡
𝑣𝑓 − 𝑣𝑖 Variables
𝑎=
𝑡 𝑎 − 𝑎𝑐𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛
1
𝑑 = 𝑣𝑖 𝑡 + 2 𝑎𝑡 2 𝑎𝑐 − 𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑝𝑒𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑎𝑐𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛
1
𝑑 = 2 (𝑣𝑓 + 𝑣𝑖 )𝑡 𝑑 − 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒
𝐹 − 𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑒
𝑣𝑓 = 𝑣𝑖 + 𝑎𝑡 𝐹𝑐 − 𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑝𝑒𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑒
𝑣𝑓 2 = 𝑣𝑖 2 + 2𝑎𝑑 𝐹𝑔 − 𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑣𝑖𝑡𝑦
𝑣𝑅 = √𝑣𝑥2 + 𝑣𝑦2 𝑔 − 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑣𝑖𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑎𝑙 𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑒 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑦
𝐺 − 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑠𝑎𝑙 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑣𝑖𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑎𝑙 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡
𝐾𝐸 − 𝑘𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑡𝑖𝑐 𝑒𝑛𝑒𝑟𝑔𝑦
Circular Motion ∆𝐾𝐸 − 𝑐ℎ𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒 𝑖𝑛 𝑘𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑡𝑖𝑐 𝑒𝑛𝑒𝑟𝑔𝑦
2𝜋𝑟
𝑣𝑇 = 𝜏 = 𝐹∗𝑑 𝑚 − 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠
𝑇
𝑣𝑇 2 𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒 1 𝑀𝐸 − 𝑚𝑒𝑐ℎ𝑎𝑛𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑒𝑛𝑒𝑟𝑔𝑦
𝑎𝑐 = 𝑇= =
𝑟 𝑐𝑦𝑐𝑙𝑒𝑠 𝑓 𝜌 − 𝑚𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑢𝑚
𝐹𝑐 = 𝑚𝑎𝑐 ∆𝜌 − 𝑖𝑚𝑝𝑢𝑙𝑠𝑒 / 𝑐ℎ𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒 𝑖𝑛 𝑚𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑢𝑚
𝑃 − 𝑝𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟
Energy, Work, and Power 𝑃𝐸 − 𝑝𝑜𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑖𝑎𝑙 𝑒𝑛𝑒𝑟𝑔𝑦
𝑃𝐸 = 𝑚𝑔ℎ 𝑟 − 𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑢𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑐𝑖𝑟𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑚𝑜𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛
1
𝐾𝐸 = 2𝑚𝑣 2 𝑡 − 𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒
𝑀𝐸 = 𝑃𝐸 + 𝐾𝐸 𝑇 − 𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑜𝑑 𝑜𝑓 𝑟𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛
--------------------------- 𝑓 − 𝑓𝑟𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑦 𝑜𝑓 𝑟𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛
𝑊 = 𝐹𝑑 𝑣𝑎𝑣𝑔 − 𝑎𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝑣𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦
𝑊 = 𝑚𝑎𝑑 𝑣𝑖 − 𝑖𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑎𝑙 𝑣𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦
--------------------------- 𝑣𝑓 − 𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑙 𝑣𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦
𝑊 = ∆𝐾𝐸 𝑣𝑇 − 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑖𝑎𝑙 𝑣𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦
𝑊 = 𝐾𝐸𝑓 − 𝐾𝐸𝑖 𝑊 − 𝑤𝑜𝑟𝑘
1 1
𝑊 = (2 𝑚𝑣𝑓 2 ) − (2 𝑚𝑣𝑖 2 )
1
𝑊 = 2 𝑚 (𝑣𝑓 2 − 𝑣𝑖 2 )
---------------------------
𝑃= 𝑡
𝑊 Constants
𝑚
𝑔 = −9.8
𝐹𝑑
𝑠2
𝑃= 𝑚3
𝑡 𝐺 = 6.67𝑥10−11
𝑘𝑔 ∙ 𝑠 2
𝑚𝑎𝑑
𝑃= 𝑡
 𝑐 = 𝜆𝑓
Physics Formulas and Constant Variables
2nd Semester – E&M 𝐵 − 𝑚𝑎𝑔𝑛𝑒𝑡𝑖𝑐 𝑓𝑖𝑒𝑙𝑑 𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ
𝑐 − 𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑒𝑑 𝑜𝑓 𝑙𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡
Heat and Thermodynamics 𝑐𝑝 − 𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑐𝑖𝑓𝑖𝑐 ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡 𝑐𝑎𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦
℉ = (1.8 × ℃) + 32 ℃ − 𝑑𝑒𝑔𝑟𝑒𝑒𝑠 𝐶𝑒𝑙𝑠𝑖𝑢𝑠
℃ = (℉ − 32) ÷ 1.8 𝐸𝑝ℎ𝑜𝑡𝑜𝑛 − 𝑒𝑛𝑒𝑟𝑔𝑦 𝑜𝑓 𝑎 𝑝ℎ𝑜𝑡𝑜𝑛
𝐾 = ℃ + 273 𝑓 − 𝑓𝑟𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑦
𝑄 = 𝑚𝑐𝑝 ∆𝑇 ℉ − 𝑑𝑒𝑔𝑟𝑒𝑒𝑠 𝐹𝑎𝑟ℎ𝑒𝑛ℎ𝑒𝑖𝑡
𝑄 = 𝑚𝑐𝑝 (𝑇𝑓 − 𝑇𝑖 ) 𝐹𝑠𝑝𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑔 − 𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑡𝑐ℎ𝑒𝑑 𝑠𝑝𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑔
𝑄 = 𝑚𝐿𝑓 𝑄 = 𝑚𝐿𝑣 𝐹𝑒 − 𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑟𝑜𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑐 𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑒
𝐹𝐵 − 𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑚𝑎𝑔𝑛𝑒𝑡𝑖𝑐 𝑓𝑖𝑒𝑙𝑑
Waves and SHM ℎ − 𝑃𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑘 ′ 𝑠 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡
1 1 𝐼 − 𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑐 𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑡
𝑇= 𝑓= 𝐾 − 𝐾𝑒𝑙𝑣𝑖𝑛
𝑓 𝑇
𝐹𝑠𝑝𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑔 = 𝑘𝑥 𝑘 − (𝑤𝑎𝑣𝑒𝑠) 𝐻𝑜𝑜𝑘𝑒 ′ 𝑠 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡
𝑚 𝑘 − (𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑟𝑜𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑠) 𝐶𝑜𝑢𝑙𝑜𝑚𝑏 ′ 𝑠 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡
𝑇𝑠𝑝𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑔 = 2𝜋√ 𝐿 − 𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ 𝑜𝑓 𝑝𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑢𝑙𝑢𝑚
𝑘
𝐿𝑓 − 𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑡 ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑓𝑢𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛
𝐿 𝐿𝑣 − 𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑡 ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑣𝑎𝑝𝑜𝑟𝑖𝑧𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛
𝑇𝑝𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑢𝑙𝑢𝑚 = 2𝜋√
𝑔 𝑚 − 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠
𝑣𝑤𝑎𝑣𝑒 = 𝜆𝑓 𝑛 − 𝑖𝑛𝑑𝑒𝑥 𝑜𝑓 𝑟𝑒𝑓𝑟𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛
𝑃 − 𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑐 𝑝𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟
𝑐 𝑞 − 𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑟𝑜𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑐 𝑐ℎ𝑎𝑟𝑔𝑒
𝑛= 𝑄 − ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡 𝑒𝑛𝑒𝑟𝑔𝑦
𝑣𝑤𝑎𝑣𝑒
𝑅 − 𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑐 𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒
𝑛1 𝑠𝑖𝑛θ1 = 𝑛2 𝑠𝑖𝑛θ2 𝑅𝑆 − 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑖𝑛 𝑠𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑒𝑠
𝑅𝑃 − 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑖𝑛 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑒𝑙
Electrostatics 𝑇 − 𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑜𝑑 𝑜𝑓 𝑎 𝑐𝑦𝑐𝑙𝑒
𝑘𝑞1 𝑞2 𝑇𝑖 − 𝑖𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑎𝑙 𝑡𝑒𝑚𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑢𝑟𝑒
𝐹𝑒 = 𝑇𝑓 − 𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑙 𝑡𝑒𝑚𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑢𝑟𝑒
𝑑2
𝑞 = 𝑛𝑒 − ∆𝑇 − 𝑐ℎ𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒 𝑖𝑛 𝑡𝑒𝑚𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑢𝑟𝑒
𝑇𝑝𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑢𝑙𝑢𝑚 − 𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑜𝑑 𝑜𝑓 𝑎 𝑝𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑢𝑙𝑢𝑚
Electric Circuits 𝑇𝑠𝑝𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑔 − 𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑜𝑑 𝑜𝑓 𝑎 𝑠𝑝𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑔
𝑉 𝑣 − 𝑣𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑜𝑓 𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑐 𝑐ℎ𝑎𝑟𝑔𝑒
𝐼=
𝑅 𝑣𝑤𝑎𝑣𝑒 − 𝑣𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑜𝑓 𝑎 𝑤𝑎𝑣𝑒
𝑉 − 𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑡𝑎𝑔𝑒
𝑅𝑆 = 𝑅1 + 𝑅2 + 𝑅3 ⋯ 𝑥 − 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑏𝑟𝑖𝑢𝑚 𝑝𝑜𝑖𝑛𝑡
𝜆 − 𝑤𝑎𝑣𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ
−1
1 1 1 𝜃𝑖 /𝜃𝑟 − 𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑙𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑒/𝑟𝑒𝑓𝑟𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛
𝑅𝑃 = ( + + ⋯)
𝑅1 𝑅2 𝑅3

𝑉2 Constants
𝑃 = 𝐼𝑉 𝑃 = 𝑃 = 𝐼2𝑅
𝑅
9
𝑁 ∙ 𝑚2
𝑘 = 9.0𝑥10
𝐶2
Magnets 𝑚2 ∙ 𝑘𝑔
−34
𝐹𝐵 = 𝑞𝑣𝐵 ℎ = 6.63𝑥10
𝑠
8
𝑚
Nuclear Physics 𝑐 = 3.0𝑥10
𝑠
𝐸𝑝ℎ𝑜𝑡𝑜𝑛 = ℎ𝑓 𝑒 − − 1.6𝑥10−19 𝐶