Data Sheet

WHITE LED STEP-UP CONVERTER AP3019A

General Description Features

The AP3019A is an inductor-based DC/DC converter • Inherently Uniform LED Current
designed to drive up to eight white LEDs in series for • High Efficiency up to 84%
backlight. Only one feedback resistor is needed to • No Need for External Schottky Diode
control the LED current and obtain required • Output Over-voltage Protection (OVP)
brightness. • Fixed 1.2MHz Switching Frequency
• Uses Tiny 1mm Tall Inductor
A constant frequency 1.2MHz PWM control scheme • Requires Only 0.22µF Output Capacitor
is employed in this IC, which means tiny external
components can be used. Specifically, 1mm tall
inductor and 0.22µF output capacitor for a typical Applications
application is sufficient. Additionally, the Schottky
diode in boost circuit is integrated on this chip. • Cellular Phones
AP3019A also provides a disable pin to ease its use • Digital Cameras
for different systems. • LCD modules
• GPS Receivers
The output over-voltage protection is implemented in • PDAs, Handheld Computers
AP3019A. When any LED is broken or in other
abnormal conditions, the output voltage will be
clamped.

The AP3019A is available in standard SOT-23-6 and

TSOT-23-6 packages.

SOT-23-6 TSOT-23-6

Figure 1. Package Types of AP3019A

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 Data Sheet

WHITE LED STEP-UP CONVERTER AP3019A

Pin Configuration

K/KT Package
(SOT-23-6/TSOT-23-6)

Pin 1 Dot by Marking

SW 1 6 VIN

GND 2 5 VOUT

FB 3 4 CTRL

Figure 2. Pin Configuration of AP3019A (Top View)

Pin Description

Pin Number Pin Name Function

1 SW Switch pin. Connect external inductor

2 GND Ground

3 FB Voltage feedback pin. Reference voltage is 200mV

Shutdown and dimming pin. Connect to 1.8V or higher to enable

4 CTRL device; Connect to 0.5V or less to disable device; Connect to a PWM
signal to achieve LEDs brightness dimming

5 VOUT Output pin. Connect to the cathode of internal Schottky diode

6 VIN Input supply pin. Must be connected to a local bypass capacitor

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 Data Sheet

WHITE LED STEP-UP CONVERTER AP3019A

Functional Block Diagram

Figure 3. Functional Block Diagram of AP3019A

Ordering Information

AP3019A -

Circuit Type G1: Green

Package
K: SOT-23-6 TR: Tape & Reel
KT: TSOT-23-6

Temperature
Package Part Number Marking ID Packing Type
Range
SOT-23-6 -40 to 85°C AP3019AKTR-G1 GAS Tape & Reel

TSOT-23-6 -40 to 85°C AP3019AKTTR-G1 L8E Tape & Reel

BCD Semiconductor's Pb-free products, as designated with "G1" suffix in the part number, are RoHS compliant
and green.

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 Data Sheet

WHITE LED STEP-UP CONVERTER AP3019A

Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 1)

Parameter Symbol Value Unit

Input Voltage VIN 20 V
SW Pin Voltage VSW 38 V
Feedback Voltage VFB 20 V
CTRL Pin Voltage VCTRL 20 V
Thermal Resistance (Junction to
θJA 265 °C/W
Ambient, No Heat Sink)
Operating Junction Temperature TJ 150 °C
Storage Temperature Range TSTG -65 to 150 °C
Lead Temperature (Soldering, 10sec) TLEAD 260 °C
ESD (Machine Model) 250 V
ESD (Human Body Model) 2000 V

Note 1: Stresses greater than those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to
the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions
beyond those indicated under “Recommended Operating Conditions” is not implied. Exposure to “Absolute
Maximum Ratings” for extended periods may affect device reliability.

Recommended Operating Conditions

Parameter Symbol Min Max Unit

Operating Temperature Range TOP -40 85 °C
Input Voltage VIN 2.5 16 V
CTRL Pin Voltage VCTRL 16 V

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 Data Sheet

WHITE LED STEP-UP CONVERTER AP3019A

Electrical Characteristics
VIN =3V, VCTRL=3V, TA =25°C, unless otherwise specified.

Parameter Symbol Conditions Min Typ Max Unit

Minimum Operating Voltage VIN (min) 2.5

V
Maximum Operating Voltage VIN (max) 16

IOUT=20mA, 4 LEDs,
Feedback Voltage (Note 2) VFB 188 200 212 mV
TA=-40oC to 85oC

FB Pin Bias Current IFB 35 100 nA

Quiescent Current IQ VFB=VIN, no switching 1.5 2.5 3.2 mA

Shutdown Quiescent Current ISHDN VCTRL=0V 2.0 4.0 6.0 µA

Switching Frequency f 0.9 1.2 1.5 MHz

Maximum Duty Cycle DMAX 90 93 %

D=40% 550
Switch Current Limit (Note 3) ILIMIT mA
D=80% 550

Switch VCE Saturation Voltage VCESAT ISW=250mA 360 mV

Switch Leakage Current VSW=5V 0.01 5 µA

High 1.8
CTRL Pin Voltage VCTRL V
low 0.5

CTRL Pin Bias Current ICTRL 100 µA

OVP Voltage VOV 30 V

Schottky Forward Drop VDROP ID=150mA 0.7 V

VR(reverse voltage)=23V 0.1 4

Schottky Leakage Current
µA
VR(reverse voltage)=27V 150

Soft Start Time t 300 µS

SOT-23-6 60
Thermal Resistance
θJC °C/W
(Junction to Case)
TSOT-23-6 60

Note 2: The bold type specifications of full temperature range are guaranteed by design (GBD).
Note 3: The switch current limit is related to duty cycle. Please refer to Figure 15 for detail.

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 Data Sheet

WHITE LED STEP-UP CONVERTER AP3019A

Typical Performance Characteristics

WLED forward voltage (VF) is 3.45V at IF=20mA, unless otherwise noted.

83 86

82 84

81
82
80
Efficiency (%)

Efficiency (%)
80
79

78 78

77
76

76
O
74 IOUT=20mA, 8 LEDs,TA=25 C
75 VIN=3.6V, IOUT=20mA, 8 LEDs
CIN=1µF, COUT=0.22µF, L=22µH
CIN=1µF, COUT=0.22µF, L=22µH 72
74

73 70
-50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0
o
Junction Temperature ( C) Input Voltage (V)

Figure 4. Efficiency vs. Junction Temperature Figure 5. Efficiency vs. Input Voltage

86 350

85
300
Schottky Forward Current (mA)

84

83 250
Efficiency (%)

82
200
81
150
80

79
100
O
78 VIN=3.6V, IOUT=20mA,TA=25 C
CIN=1µF, COUT=0.22µF, L=22µH 50
77

76 0
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 0 200 400 600 800 1000
LED's Number
Schottky Forward Drop (mV)

Figure 6. Efficiency vs. LED’s Number Figure 7. Schottky Forward Current vs.
Schottky Forward Drop

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 Data Sheet

WHITE LED STEP-UP CONVERTER AP3019A

Typical Performance Characteristics (Continued)

WLED forward voltage (VF) is 3.45V at IF=20mA, unless otherwise noted.

30 3.5

3.0
Shutdown Quiescent Current (µA)

25

Quiescent Current (mA)

2.5
20

2.0

15
1.5
O
10 TA=-50 C
1.0
O
TA=25 C
O
5 TA=25 C TA=100 C
O
0.5

0 0.0
2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16

Input Voltage (V) Input Voltage (V)

Figure 8. Shutdown Quiescent Current vs. Input Voltage Figure 9. Quiescent Current vs. Input Voltage

6.0 1.40

1.35
5.5
1.30
5.0
1.25
Input Current (mA)

Frequency (MHz)

4.5
1.20

4.0 1.15

3.5 1.10

1.05
3.0
1.00
2.5
0.95
2.0
2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 0.90
-50 -25 0 25 50 75 100
Input Voltage (V) o
Junction Temperature ( C)

Figure 10. Input Current in Output Open Circuit Figure 11. Frequency vs. Junction Temperature
vs. Input Voltage

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WHITE LED STEP-UP CONVERTER AP3019A

Typical Performance Characteristics (Continued)

WLED forward voltage (VF) is 3.45V at IF=20mA, unless otherwise noted.

210 0.80

208 0.78

206 0.76
Feedback Voltage (mV)

Schottky Forward Drop (V)

204 0.74

202 0.72

200 0.70

198 0.68

196 0.66

194 0.64
ID=150mA
192 0.62

190 0.60
-50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100
o o
Junction Temperature ( C) Junction Temperature ( C)

Figure 12. Feedback Voltage vs. Figure 13. Schottky Forward Drop vs.
Junction Temperature Junction Temperature

0.50 700

0.45
VR=10V
Schottky Leakage Current (µA)

600
0.40 VR=16V
VR=23V
0.35
Current Limit (mA)

500
0.30

0.25 400

0.20
300
0.15
O
-50 C
0.10 O
200 25 C
O
0.05 100 C

0.00 100
-50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
o
Junction Temperature ( C) Duty Cycle (%)

Figure 14. Schottky Leakage Current vs. Figure 15. Current Limit vs. Duty Cycle
Junction Temperature

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 Data Sheet

WHITE LED STEP-UP CONVERTER AP3019A

Typical Performance Characteristics (Continued)

WLED forward voltage is 3.45V at IF=20mA, unless otherwise noted.

450 1.8
1.7
400 Falling Edge
1.6
1.5
Rising Edge
350

CTRL Pin Voltage (V)

Saturation Voltage (mV)

1.4
300 1.3
1.2
250
1.1

200 1.0
0.9
150
0.8
0.7
100
0.6
50 0.5
50 100 150 200 250 300 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100
Switch Current (mA) O
Junction Temperature ( C)

Figure 16. Saturation Voltage vs. Switch Current Figure 17. CTRL Pin Voltage vs.
Junction Temperature

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 Data Sheet

WHITE LED STEP-UP CONVERTER AP3019A

Application Information

Operation Over Voltage Protection

The AP3019A is a boost DC-DC converter which The AP3019A has an internal open-circuit protection
uses a constant frequency, current mode control circuit. When the LEDs are disconnected from circuit
scheme to provide excellent line and load regulation. or fail open, the output voltage is clamped. The
Operation can be best understood by referring to the AP3019A will switch at a low frequency, and
Figure 3. minimize input current.

At the start of each oscillator cycle, the SR latch is set Soft Start
and switch Q1 turns on. The switch current will The AP3019A has an internal soft start circuit to limit
increase linearly. The voltage on sense resistor is the inrush current during startup. The time of startup
proportional to the switch current. The output of the is controlled by internal soft start capacitor. Please
current sense amplifier is added to a stabilizing ramp refer to Figure 19.
and the result is fed into the non-inversion input of
the PWM comparator A2. When this voltage exceeds
the output voltage level of the error amplifier A1, the IIN
100mA/div
SR latch is reset and the switch is turned off.
VOUT
It is clear that the voltage level at inversion input of 5V/div
A2 sets the peak current level to keep the output in
regulation. This voltage level is the output signal of VFB
error amplifier A1, and is the amplified signal of the 100mV/div
voltage difference between feedback voltage and
VCTRL
reference voltage of 200mV. So, a constant output
2V/div
current can be provided by this operation mode.
Time 100µs/div

Figure 19. Soft Start Waveform

VIN=3.6V, 5 LEDs, ILED=20mA

Dimming Control
Two typical types of dimming control circuit are
present as below. First, controlling CTRL Pin voltage
to change operation state is a good choice. Second,
changing the feedback voltage to get appropriate duty
and luminous intensity is also useful.
Figure 18. Typical Application Circuit to Decide R1
(1) Adding a Control Signal to CTRL Pin
LED Current Control Adding a PWM Signal to CTRL pin directly. The
Refer to Figure 18, the LED current is controlled by AP3019A is turned on or off by the PWM signal
the feedback resistor R1. LEDs' current accuracy is when it is applied on the CTRL pin. The typical
determined by the regulator's feedback threshold frequency of this PWM signal can be up to 2kHz.
accuracy and is independent of the LED's forward Please refer to Figure 20.
voltage variation. So the precise resistors are
preferred. The resistance of R1 is in inverse AP3019A
proportion to the LED current since the feedback
reference is fixed at 200mV. The relation for R1 and CTRL
LED current can be expressed as below:
up to 2kHz
200mV
R1 = Figure 20. Dimming Control Using a PWM Signal in
I LED CTRL Pin

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 Data Sheet

WHITE LED STEP-UP CONVERTER AP3019A

Application Information (Continued)

(2) Changing the Effective Feedback Voltage Third, using a logic signal to change the feedback
There are three methods to change the effective voltage. For example, the FB pin is connected to the
feedback voltage. GND through a MOSFET and a resistor. And this
MOSFET is controlled a logic signal. The luminous
First, adding a constant DC voltage through a resistor intensity of LEDs will be changed when the
divider to FB pin can control the dimming. Changing MOSFET turns on or off.
the DC voltage or resistor between the FB Pin and the
DC voltage can get appropriate luminous intensity.
Comparing with all kinds of PWM signal control, this
method features a stable output voltage and LEDs
current. Please refer Figure 21.

Figure 23. Dimming Control Using Logic Signal

Figure 21. Dimming Control Using DC Voltage

Second, using a filtered PWM signal can do it. The

filtered PWM signal can be considered as a varying
and adjustable DC voltage.

Figure 22. Dimming Control Using a Filtered PWM

Voltage

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 Data Sheet

WHITE LED STEP-UP CONVERTER AP3019A

Typical Application

C: X5R or X7R dielectric

L: SUMIDA CDRH5D28R-220NC or equivalent
This circuit can work in full temperature

Figure 24. Typical Application of AP3019A

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 Data Sheet

WHITE LED STEP-UP CONVERTER AP3019A

Mechanical Dimensions

SOT-23-6 Unit: mm(inch)

0°
2.820(0.111)
8°
3.020(0.119)
0.300(0.012) 0.200(0.008)
0.400(0.016)

0.300(0.012)
0.600(0.024)
6 5 4

Pin 1 Dot by Marking

1 2 3
0.700(0.028)REF

0.950(0.037)TYP

0.000(0.000) 0.100(0.004)
1.800(0.071)
0.150(0.006) 0.200(0.008)
2.000(0.079)

0.900(0.035) 1.450(0.057)
1.300(0.051) MAX

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 Data Sheet

WHITE LED STEP-UP CONVERTER AP3019A

Mechanical Dimensions (Continued)

TSOT-23-6 Unit: mm(inch)

0°
2.800(0.110)
8°
3.000(0.118) R0.100(0.004)
MIN

1.500(0.059) 2.600(0.102)
1.700(0.067) 3.000(0.118)
Pin 1 Dot by
Marking

0.370(0.015)
MIN

0.950(0.037) 0.100(0.004)
BSC 0.250(0.010)

1.900(0.075)
BSC 0.250(0.010)
BSC
GAUGE
PLANE

0.700(0.028)
0.900(0.035)

1.000(0.039)
MAX

0.000(0.000)
0.100(0.004) 0.350(0.014)
0.510(0.020)

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 BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited

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