Example problems:
1. A desk lamp with a luminous flux of 800 lumens is used to illuminate a
small table with an area of 0.5 m². Calculate the illumination level (in
lux) on the table. Ans = 1600 lux
2. A room 8 m × 12 m is lighted by 15 lamps to a fairly uniform
illumination of 100 lux. Calculate the utilization coefficient of the room
given that the output of each lamp is 1600 lumens. Ans = 0.4
3. A light source illuminates a wall with 500 lumens of incident light. If
300 lumens of light are reflected back from the wall, calculate the
reflection factor of the wall. Ans = 0.6
4. A material reflects 65% of the light incident on it. What is the
absorptance of the material? Ans = 0.35
5. A lamp emits a total of 600 lumens, but only 450 lumens reach the
intended area on a workbench. Calculate the utilization factor. Ans =
0.75
6. A brand-new lighting system provides 700 lux of illumination, but due
to dust accumulation, the actual illumination level drops to 500 lux.
Calculate the maintenance factor. Ans = 0.71
7. The maintenance factor of a lighting system is found to be 0.8.
Calculate the depreciation factor. Ans = 0.2
8. An office room needs an illumination level of 400 lux across an area of
100 m². If the utilization factor is 0.7 and the maintenance factor is
0.9, calculate the total lumens required. Ans = 63,492 lm
9. A light bulb produces 1200 lumens of light and consumes 15 watts of
power. Calculate the efficacy (in lumens per watt) of the light bulb.
Ans = 80 lm/w
10. You are tasked with designing the lighting for a new office
room that measures 15 meters by 10 meters (150 m²). The client
wants the room to be illuminated to a level of 500 lux. You are
considering using LED lamps that emit 2000 lumens each. The
lamps are well-focused, with a utilization factor (η) of 0.85, and
the maintenance factor (MF) over time is estimated to be 0.9.
1. How many lumens are required to achieve the desired
illumination in the room, considering the maintenance factor
and utilization factor? Ans = 98,039
2. If each lamp emits 2000 lumens, how many lamps are needed
to achieve the required lumens? Ans = 50 lamps
3. Assume the surface of the room reflects 80% of the light. If the
reflectance is 0.8, what is the absorptance of the room's walls?
Ans = 0.2
11. A conference hall of dimensions 20 m × 25 m requires
an average illumination of 300 lux. The hall has 25 ceiling
lamps, each with a luminous output of 2500 lumens. Given
that the utilization factor is 0.75 and the maintenance factor
is 0.85, calculate the actual illumination level in the hall.
Ans = 79.69
12. A factory floor of 30 m × 40 m requires an illumination
level of 500 lux. To achieve this, LED lamps with an efficacy of
150 lumens/watt are used. The utilization factor is 0.7, and
the maintenance factor is 0.8. Calculate the total wattage
required for this lighting system. Ans = 7142.86 w
13. A room is illuminated by four different light sources: two
lamps of 1200 lumens each and two lamps of 1000 lumens
each. Calculate the total illumination level in a room of area
15 m². Ans = 293.33 lx
14. A high-bay warehouse requires an illumination level of
250 lux. The area is 200 m², and the lighting system includes
lamps with a luminous flux of 3000 lumens each, positioned 8
m above the floor. Considering a utilization factor of 0.6 and a
maintenance factor of 0.9, determine the number of lamps
required. Ans = 31 lamps
15. An outdoor sports field measuring 50 m × 30 m needs an
average illumination of 400 lux. The lighting design includes
floodlights, each emitting 5000 lumens with a utilization factor
of 0.65 and a maintenance factor of 0.85. Calculate the total
number of floodlights needed. Ans 217 floodlights
16. A building lobby requires 200 lux of illumination over an
area of 100 m². There are 10 lamps installed, each emitting
2500 lumens. If the lobby’s utilization factor is 0.8 and the
maintenance factor is 0.75, determine whether the installed
lamps provide adequate illumination. Ans = 150 lx
17. A museum exhibit requires 50 lux over an area of 20 m².
The exhibit lighting system uses lamps of 800 lumens with a
utilization factor of 0.7 and a maintenance factor of 0.9. How
many lamps are required? Ans = 2 lamps
18. A retail store of 300 m² needs an illumination level of
700 lux. LED lights with 1800 lumens each are used, with a
utilization factor of 0.9 and a maintenance factor of 0.8.
Determine the total number of lights required. Ans = 162
lights
19. An underground parking area of 400 m² needs an
illumination level of 75 lux. Using fluorescent lamps of 2000
lumens each, with a utilization factor of 0.6 and a
maintenance factor of 0.7, determine the number of lamps
required. Ans = 36 lamps
20. A laboratory measuring 10 m × 15 m requires an
illumination level of 450 lux. Each fluorescent fixture provides
1800 lumens. The utilization factor is 0.85, and the
maintenance factor is 0.9. How many fixtures are needed?
Ans = 49 fixtures
