CHAPTER 2

BASIC SENTENCE STRUCTURE AND ANALYSIS

1. In the sentence: A heavy snowfall has blocked the mountain passes, which of the following correctly identifies the
structure?
A) S + V + SC B) S + V + dO
C) S + V + iO + Do D) S + V + AC
Answer: B
2. What is the main division of a sentence according to traditional grammar?
A) Subject and direct object B) Subject and verb
C) Subject and predicate D) Noun phrase and verb phrase
Answer: C
3. Which element is considered the most important constituent in a sentence?
A) Subject B) Verb
C) Direct object D) Adverbial
Answer: B
4. What is an operator in English grammar?
A) The main verb in a sentence B) The first or only auxiliary verb in the verb phrase
C) Any transitive verb D) The subject of a question
Answer: B
5. What does the acronym NICE in grammar refer to?
A) Nouns, Interjections, Conjunctions, Exclamations
B) Negation, Inversion, Code, Emphasis
C) Nouns, Infinitives, Clauses, Expressions
D) Narratives, Imperatives, Conditionals, Expressions
Answer: B
6. In the sentence "She performs brilliantly on stage," what is the function of "brilliantly"?
A) Direct object B) Subject complement
C) Adverbial D) Object complement
Answer: C
7. Which sentence correctly demonstrates subject-operator inversion?
A) They have finished the project. B) Have they finished the project?
C) They finished the project. D) The project has been finished.
Answer: B
8. How is negation typically formed in English sentences?
A) By putting "no" before the verb B) By putting "not" after the operator
C) By putting "not" before the main verb D) By adding "un-" to the main verb
Answer: B
9. In the sentence "I HAVE finished it," the capitalization demonstrates which NICE property?
A) Negation B) Inversion
C) Code D) Emphasis
Answer: D

10. In the sentence "Karen and Tom haven't seen the movie, but Amy has," what NICE property is demonstrated?
A) Negation B) Inversion
C) Code D) Emphasis
Answer: C
11. What is a dummy operator in English grammar?
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A) A verb that has no meaning
B) The auxiliary "do" introduced to perform operator functions
C) Any word that can be omitted without changing meaning
D) A modal verb like "can" or "would"
Copier**Answer: B**
12. Which feature is NOT characteristic of the subject in a sentence?
A) It typically comes before the verb in declaratives
B) It determines the form of reflexive pronouns in the same clause
C) It always indicates the person performing the action
D) It often controls subject-verb agreement
Copier**Answer: C**
13. How can the subject be identified in a sentence?
A) It is always a pronoun
B) It always comes before any other element
C) It can be identified by applying the inversion test
D) It is always the longest phrase in the sentence
Copier**Answer: C**
14. In the tag question "Amy looks well, doesn't she?" what does "she" refer to?
A) The person asking the question
B) The subject of the main statement
C) The direct object of the main statement
D) Any female person in the conversation
Copier**Answer: B**
15. In "The city lies 225 miles north of Guatemala City," what is the grammatical function of "225 miles north of
Guatemala City"?
A) Direct object
B) Subject complement
C) Adverbial
D) Adverbial complement
Copier**Answer: D**
16. What distinguishes an adverbial complement from an adverbial?
A) Adverbial complements provide more detailed information
B) Adverbial complements are required to complete the meaning of the verb
C) Adverbial complements only appear at the end of sentences
D) Adverbial complements are always prepositional phrases
Copier**Answer: B**
17. In the sentence "This road goes to Madison," what is the function of "to Madison"?
A) Direct object
B) Subject complement
C) Adverbial
D) Adverbial complement
Copier**Answer: D**
18. Which of these sentences demonstrates a different basic sentence structure from the others?
A) The baby was crying.
B) A door opened.
C) The sun is setting.
D) The baby is a girl.
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Copier**Answer: D**
19. What is the structure of "The sentence contains three units"?
A) S + V + SC
B) S + V + dO
C) S + V + iO + dO
D) S + V + AC
Copier**Answer: B**
20. In "I can't reveal any more information," what is the function of "any more information"?
A) Subject complement B) Direct object
C) Indirect object D) Adverbial complement
Copier**Answer: B**
Transitive and Intransitive Verbs
21. What defines a transitive verb?
A) It expresses an action that passes from one person to another
B) It requires a direct object to complete the sentence
C) It can form the passive voice
D) It always needs a subject and an object
Copier**Answer: B**
22. Which sentence contains an intransitive verb?
A) She bought a new car. B) She arrived late.
C) She considered him intelligent. D) She gave him a present.
Copier**Answer: B**
23. In "The fire destroyed the warehouse," what is the semantic role of "the warehouse"?
A) Agent B) Affected object
C) Resultant object D) Eventive object
Copier**Answer: B**
24. Which sentence demonstrates the resultant role of a direct object?
A) He's written an account of his travels. B) She shook her head.
C) I examined the statement carefully. D) They paid me the full amount.
Copier**Answer: A**
25. In the sentence "They were having a quarrel," what type of direct object is "a quarrel"?
A) Affected B) Resultant
C) Eventive D) Complementive
Copier**Answer: C**
26. When we turn an active sentence with a transitive verb into a passive sentence, what happens to the direct object?
A) It becomes an adverbial B) It becomes the subject
C) It is omitted D) It becomes a subject complement
Copier**Answer: B**
27. Which of these verbs can function as both transitive and intransitive?
A) Be B) Seem
C) Grow D) Resemble
Copier**Answer: C**
28. In "No cure exists," what kind of verb is "exists"?
A) Linking verb B) Transitive verb
C) Intransitive verb D) Auxiliary verb
Copier**Answer: C**
29. Which of these sentences contains a direct object?
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A) She is a doctor. B) She seems tired.
C) She works in London. D) She knows the answer.
Copier**Answer: D**
30. In "She paid me the full amount," what is the function of "me"?
A) Direct object B) Indirect object
C) Subject complement D) Object complement
Copier**Answer: B**
31. What is the typical order of objects when both a direct and indirect object are present?
A) Direct object, then indirect object B) Indirect object, then direct object
C) Either order is equally common D) It depends on the length of each object
Copier**Answer: B**
32. In the sentence "My friends will save her a seat," the indirect object "her" could alternatively be expressed as:
A) Her will be saved a seat B) For her
C) A seat will be saved by her D) Her seat
Copier**Answer: B**
33. Which sentence has the same structure as "Ruth gave my son a birthday present"?
A) Ruth considered my son intelligent. B) Ruth bought a birthday present.
C) Ruth sent my son to the store. D) Ruth showed my son her collection.
Copier**Answer: D**
34. In "She got herself a cup of tea," what is the function of "herself"?
A) Direct object B) Indirect object
C) Reflexive object D) Subject complement
Copier**Answer: B**
35. When an indirect object is transformed into a prepositional phrase, which preposition is commonly used?
A) By B) With
C) To or for D) In or on
Copier**Answer: C**
36. What is the structure of "His jokes made the audience uneasy"?
A) S + V + dO B) S + V + SC
C) S + V + dO + OC D) S + V + iO + dO
Copier**Answer: C**
37. In the structure S + V + dO + OC, what does the object complement typically do?
A) Further describes the verb B) Identifies or characterizes the direct object
C) Modifies the subject D) Acts as an additional object
Copier**Answer: B**
38. Which sentence contains an object complement?
A) They elected her yesterday. B) They elected her unanimously.
C) They elected her their leader. D) They elected her because of her experience.
Copier**Answer: C**
39. In "The heat has turned the milk sour," what is the function of "sour"?
A) Direct object B) Subject complement
C) Object complement D) Adverbial
Copier**Answer: C**
40. In "You should put the chicken in the freezer," what is the function of "in the freezer"?
A) Direct object B) Object complement
C) Adverbial D) Subject complement
Copier**Answer: B**
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 LINKING VERBS AND COMPLEMENTS
41. What is a linking verb?
A) A verb that connects two clauses B) A verb that requires a direct object
C) A verb that requires a subject complement D) A verb that expresses action
Copier**Answer: C**
42. Which of these verbs typically functions as a linking verb?
A) Make B) Seem
C) Go D) Hit
Copier**Answer: B**
43. In "Sandra is my mother's name," what is the function of "my mother's name"?
A) Direct object B) Subject complement
C) Object complement D) Adverbial complement
Copier**Answer: B**
44. What is the primary purpose of a subject complement in a sentence?
A) To provide additional information about the action
B) To identify or characterize the subject
C) To indicate who receives the action
D) To specify when the action occurred
Copier**Answer: B**
45. Which sentence contains a subject complement?
A) The children were playing in the garden. B) The children seemed happy.
C) The children broke the window. D) The children gave their teacher a gift.
Copier**Answer: B**
46. In "The distinction became quite clear," what type of phrase is "quite clear"?
A) Noun phrase B) Verb phrase
C) Adjective phrase D) Adverb phrase
Copier**Answer: C**
47. Which of these is NOT a common linking verb?
A) Become B) Feel
C) Build D) Remain
Copier**Answer: C**
48. In "Your room must be the one next to mine," what is the function of "the one next to mine"?
A) Direct object B) Subject complement
C) Object complement D) Adverbial
Copier**Answer: B**
49. Which sentence has a structure of S + V + SC?
A) She speaks French fluently. B) She gave him a book.
C) She found the key. D) She became a doctor.
Copier**Answer: D**
50. The subject complement typically appears in what position in a declarative sentence?
A) Before the subject B) Between the subject and verb
C) After the linking verb D) At the beginning of the sentence
Copier**Answer: C**
ADVERBIALS
51. What is the main characteristic of adverbials in a sentence?
A) They are always single words B) They are required elements
C) They are optional elements D) They always describe the verb
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Copier**Answer: C**
52. Which of these is NOT a typical meaning expressed by adverbials?
A) Time B) Manner
C) Agent D) Cause
Copier**Answer: C**
53. In "Unfortunately, no cure exists," what type of adverbial is "unfortunately"?
A) Connective B) Time
C) Evaluation D) Manner
Copier**Answer: C**
54. Which sentence contains an adverbial of manner?
A) They arrived yesterday. B) They spoke quietly.
C) They will come if possible. D) They sat in the garden.
Copier**Answer: B**
55. In "According to one biologist, two-year-old opossums show the symptoms of advanced old age," what is the
function of "according to one biologist"?
A) Subject B) Direct object
C) Adverbial D) Subject complement
Copier**Answer: C**
56. Connective adverbials primarily function to:
A) Describe how an action is performed
B) Indicate when an action took place
C) Express the speaker's point of view or establish logical connections
D) Show where an action occurred
Copier**Answer: C**
57. Which of these is a connective adverbial?
A) Quickly B) Yesterday
C) However D) Upstairs
Copier**Answer: C**
58. In "As a result, natural selection ends especially early in opossums' lives," what is the function of "as a result"?
A) Subject B) Subject complement
C) Direct object D) Connective adverbial
Copier**Answer: D**
59. Which sentence contains an adverbial of degree?
A) We arrived yesterday. B) We spoke quietly.
C) We liked them very much. D) We traveled by train.
Copier**Answer: C**
60. In "I examined the statement carefully," what is the function of "carefully"?
A) Direct object B) Object complement
C) Adverbial of manner D) Subject complement
Copier**Answer: C**
61. Which sentence contains an adverbial of cause?
A) They voted for her out of a sense of loyalty. B) They voted for her on Tuesday.
C) They voted for her at the town hall. D) They voted for her by raising their hands.
Copier**Answer: A**
62. In "We met our friends before the movie," what is the function of "before the movie"?
A) Direct object B) Subject complement
C) Object complement D) Adverbial
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Copier**Answer: D**
63. A key feature of adverbials is that they are often:
A) Required to complete the sentence B) Mobile within the sentence
C) Limited to single words D) Always derived from adjectives
Copier**Answer: B**
64. In "Perhaps he's out," what is the function of "perhaps"?
A) Subject B) Adverbial commenting on truth value
C) Subject complement D) Direct object
Copier**Answer: B**
65. Which of these sentences contains an adverbial of time?
A) He spoke loudly. B) He worked in London.
C) He arrived yesterday. D) He drove carefully.
Copier**Answer: C**
66. Adverbials that provide a logical connection between sentences are called:
A) Temporal adverbials B) Spatial adverbials
C) Connective adverbials D) Modal adverbials
Copier**Answer: C**
67. In "Luckily, no one was injured," what type of adverbial is "luckily"?
A) Adverbial of manner B) Adverbial of evaluation
C) Adverbial of degree D) Adverbial of cause
Copier**Answer: B**
68. The difference between an adverbial and an adverbial complement is that:
A) Adverbials modify verbs, while adverbial complements modify nouns
B) Adverbials are optional, while adverbial complements are obligatory
C) Adverbials come after the verb, while adverbial complements come before
D) Adverbials refer to manner, while adverbial complements refer to place
Copier**Answer: B**
69. In "The motorway will run right through my garden," what is the function of "right through my garden"?
A) Direct object B) Subject complement
C) Object complement D) Adverbial complement
Copier**Answer: D**
70. Which sentence contains an adverbial complement?
A) She speaks clearly. B) She speaks with a French accent.
C) She lives in Paris. D) She arrived early.
Copier**Answer: C**
ADVANCED SENTENCE ANALYSIS
71. What are the six basic sentence structures identified in the text?
A) S+V, S+V+SC, S+V+dO, S+V+AC, S+V+iO+dO, S+V+dO+OC
B) S+V, S+V+dO, S+V+iO, S+V+AC, S+V+SC, S+V+OC
C) S+V+O, S+V+C, S+V+A, S+V+iO, S+V+dO, S+V+SC
D) S+O+V, S+C+V, S+V+O, S+V+C, S+V+A, S+V+iO+dO
Copier**Answer: A**
72. In the sentence "The managing director paid herself a huge salary," what is the structure?
A) S + V + dO
B) S + V + iO + dO
C) S + V + dO + OC
D) S + V + SC
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Copier**Answer: B**
73. In "Over many centuries, opossums have died at early ages because of accidents and predators," how many adverbials
are there?
A) One B) Two
C) Three D) Four
Copier**Answer: C**
74. What is the structure of "I declared the meeting open"?
A) S + V + dO
B) S + V + dO + A
C) S + V + dO + OC
D) S + V + SC
Copier**Answer: C**
75. Which sentence has the same structure as "The blood turned the river red"?
A) The noise is driving me mad.
B) The committee elected him chairman.
C) The visitors found the museum interesting.
D) All of the above
Copier**Answer: D**
76. In "I must get to work," what type of complement is "to work"?
A) Direct object B) Subject complement
C) Adverbial complement D) Object complement
Copier**Answer: C**
77. In "It's raining," what type of subject is "it"?
A) Agentive B) Affected
C) Dummy subject with no participant D) Characterized
Copier**Answer: C**
78. When analyzing a sentence like "The president has offered substantial concessions but he should not expect much
gratitude," how many direct objects are there?
A) None B) One
C) Two D) Three
Copier**Answer: C**
79. In the sentence "That man is my father," the subject has which semantic role?
A) Agentive B) Affected
C) Identified D) Characterized
Copier**Answer: C**
80. Which sentence has a subject with an agentive role?
A) The water has boiled. B) Martha has switched on the television.
C) Jeremy was my best friend. D) It's too hot.
Copier**Answer: B**
FORM VS. FUNCTION
81. What is the difference between grammatical form and grammatical function?
A) Form refers to word classes, while function refers to roles in a sentence
B) Form refers to meaning, while function refers to structure
C) Form refers to tense, while function refers to voice
D) Form refers to singular/plural, while function refers to male/female
Copier**Answer: A**
82. In "A heavy snowfall and the mountain passes are noun phrases," which aspect of grammar is being described?
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A) Function B) Form
C) Meaning D) Use
Copier**Answer: B**
83. In "A heavy snowfall plays the role of subject," which aspect of grammar is being described?
A) Function B) Form
C) Meaning D) Use
Copier**Answer: A**
84. The statement "Identical forms may have different roles in different sentences" illustrates:
A) The interchangeability of grammar rules B) The distinction between form and function
C) The importance of word order D) The relationship between subject and verb
Copier**Answer: B**
85. In sentence analysis, what is described when we talk about noun phrases, verb phrases, and prepositional phrases?
A) Function B) Form
C) Meaning D) Context
Copier**Answer: B**
86. In sentence analysis, what is described when we talk about subject, direct object, and indirect object?
A) Function B) Form
C) Meaning D) Context
Copier**Answer: A**
87. The same grammatical form (e.g., a noun phrase) can serve different functions in different contexts. This illustrates:
A) The flexibility of English grammar B) The distinction between form and function
C) The complexity of sentence structure D) The importance of context
Copier**Answer: B**
88. In "The mountain passes are now open," and "A heavy snowfall has blocked the mountain passes," the phrase "the
mountain passes" has:
A) The same form and same function in both sentences
B) The same form but different functions
C) Different forms but the same function
D) Different forms and different functions
Copier**Answer: B**
89. The grammatical function of a sentence element depends on:
A) Its position in the sentence B) Its internal structure
C) The role it plays in the particular sentence D) The number of words it contains
Copier**Answer: C**
90. Which pair correctly matches a grammatical form with a possible function?
A) Verb phrase – subject B) Adjective phrase - direct object
C) Noun phrase - subject complement D) Adverb phrase - indirect object
Copier**Answer: C**
Operators and Auxiliaries
91. In "You could have been imagining it," which word is the operator?
A) You B) Could
C) Have D) Been
Copier**Answer: B**
92. Which sentence uses "do" as a dummy operator?
A) He does his homework every day. B) Does he understand the question?
C) He did finish the project on time. D) Do be careful on the stairs.
Copier**Answer: B**
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93. In which sentence is the operator correctly underlined?
A) She has been studying all night. B) She has been studying all night.
C) She has been studying all night. D) She has been studying all night.
Copier**Answer: A**
94. What happens to the operator when forming a question in English?
A) It is placed at the end of the sentence B) It changes to a different form
C) It is placed before the subject D) It is duplicated
Copier**Answer: C**
95. Which sentence demonstrates emphasis through the operator?
A) She never goes to parties. B) She DOES go to parties sometimes.
C) Does she go to parties? D) She doesn't go to parties.
Copier**Answer: B**
96. The main verb "be" differs from other main verbs in that:
A) It cannot form questions B) It cannot be negated
C) It behaves as its own operator D) It cannot express past tense
Copier**Answer: C**
97. In the sentence "It is very expensive," if we want to form a negative, which is correct?
A) It does not be very expensive. B) It not is very expensive.
C) It is not very expensive. D) It doesn't very expensive.
Copier**Answer: C**
98. With the main verb "have," British and American English differ in that:
A) British English tends to use "have" as its own operator, while American English prefers "do" support
B) American English uses "have" only as an auxiliary
C) British English never uses "do" support with "have"
D) American English doesn't use "have" as a main verb
Copier**Answer: A**
99. In "Amy has a daughter," what would be the typical American English question form?
A) Has Amy a daughter? B) Does Amy have a daughter?
C) Is Amy having a daughter? D) Amy has a daughter?
Copier**Answer: B**
100. Which sentence shows the code function of an operator?
A) He won't come to the party. B) Will he come to the party?
C) I will attend the conference, and she will too. D) He WILL come, I'm certain.
Copier **Answer: C**
STATIVE AND DYNAMIC VERBS
101. Which of these is a characteristic of stative verbs?
A) They refer to actions or events B) They cannot normally occur with the -ing form
C) They always require a direct object D) They typically describe movement
Copier **Answer: B**
102. Which of these verbs is typically stative?
A) Run B) Play
C) Prefer D) Build
Copier **Answer: C**
103. In "I am being a French citizen," the verb "be" is used:
A) Incorrectly, as "be" cannot take -ing form
B) As a dynamic verb expressing behavior rather than state
C) As a linking verb
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D) As an auxiliary
Copier **Answer: B**
104. When stative verbs are used with the -ing form, they typically:
A) Remain stative but change tense
B) Become ungrammatical
C) Are transformed into dynamic verbs expressing events
D) Require a direct object
Copier **Answer: C**
105. In "Their children are being noisy," how is the verb "be" being used?
A) As a stative verb B) As a dynamic verb meaning "behaving"
C) As an auxiliary D) Incorrectly
Copier **Answer: B**
106. Which sentence correctly uses a stative verb?
A) She is resembling her mother more each day. B) She resembles her mother.
C) She is having resembled her mother. D) She does resembling her mother.
Copier **Answer: B**
107. Dynamic verbs differ from stative verbs in that they:
A) Cannot form questions B) Cannot form passive voice
C) Refer to events or actions rather than states D) Must always have a direct object
Copier **Answer: C**
108. Which sentence uses "have" as a dynamic verb?
A) She has two brothers. B) She is having a party next Sunday.
C) She has been happy lately. D) She has owned that car for years.
Copier **Answer: B**
109. The statement "Her books sell well" uses what type of verb?
A) Linking verb B) Dynamic verb
C) Stative verb D) Auxiliary verb
Copier **Answer: B**
110. Which verb is being used dynamically in this list?
A) Know B) Belong
C) Think (as in "I think she's right") D) Talk
Copier **Answer: D**
Subject Types and Semantic Roles
111. In "Martha has switched on the television," what is the semantic role of the subject?
A) Affected B) Identified
C) Agentive D) Characterized
Copier **Answer: C**
112. In "Paul is an excellent student," what is the semantic role of the subject?
A) Agentive B) Affected
C) Identified D) Characterized
Copier **Answer: D**
113. In "Jeremy was my best friend," what is the semantic role of the subject?
A) Agentive B) Affected
C) Identified D) Characterized
Copier **Answer: C**
114. In "They are drowning," what is the semantic role of the subject?
A) Agentive B) Affected
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C) Identified D) Characterized
Copier **Answer: B**
115. In "It's raining," what is the semantic role of the subject?
A) Agentive B) Affected
C) Dummy subject (no participant) D) Characterized
Copier **Answer: C**
116. In "The children dressed themselves," what is the relationship between the subject and the direct object?
A) They refer to different people B) They refer to the same people
C) The subject is agentive and the object is affected D) Both B and C
Copier **Answer: D**
117. In the older child feeds the younger ones," what determines the singular form of the verb "feeds"?
A) The number of the direct object B) The number of the subject
C) The tense of the sentence D) The presence of "the" before "older child"
Copier **Answer: B**
118. Which grammatical feature is NOT controlled by the subject?
A) The form of reflexive pronouns in the same clause B) Subject-verb agreement
C) The position of the verb in declarative sentences D) The choice of prepositions
Copier **Answer: D**
119. In "The protestors were demonstrating," what is the grammatical function of "the protestors"?
A) Direct object B) Subject
C) Indirect object D) Subject complement
Copier **Answer: B**
120. The subject of a sentence in English is characterized by:
A) Always being a noun
B) Always being at the beginning of the sentence
C) Having certain grammatical features like controlling verb agreement
D) Always performing the action of the verb
Copier **Answer: C**
DIRECT AND INDIRECT OBJECTS
121. What is the typical semantic role of a direct object?
A) Agent B) Affected
C) Recipient D) Attribute
Copier **Answer: B**
122. In "She shook her head," what is the semantic role of "her head"?
A) Agent B) Affected object
C) Resultant object D) Eventive object
Copier **Answer: B**
123. In "He's written an account of his travels," what is the semantic role of "an account of his travels"?
A) Affected object B) Resultant object
C) Eventive object D) Attribute
Copier **Answer: B**
124. In "I have made my decision," what is the semantic role of "my decision"?
A) Affected object B) Resultant object
C) Eventive object D) Attribute
Copier **Answer: C**

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125. What is the typical semantic role of an indirect object?
A) Agent B) Recipient
C) Affected D) Attribute
Copier **Answer: B**
126. In "They paid me the full amount," what is the semantic role of "me"?
A) Agent B) Recipient
C) Affected D) Attribute
Copier **Answer: B**
127. In "He bought Sandra a bunch of flowers," what is the semantic role of "Sandra"?
A) Agent B) Recipient
C) Affected D) Attribute
Copier **Answer: B**
128. What happens to the indirect object in a passive transformation?
A) It must be omitted
B) It becomes the subject
C) It can become the subject or be represented by a prepositional phrase
D) It becomes an adverbial
Copier **Answer: C**
129. In "The principal granted Tony an interview," if transformed into passive voice with "Tony" as the subject, which
structure is correct?
A) Tony was granted by the principal an interview.
B) Tony was granted an interview.
C) An interview was granted Tony by the principal.
D) Tony granted an interview by the principal.
Copier **Answer: B**
130. Which sentence correctly demonstrates the question form when asking about an indirect object?
A) What did Ruth give my son? B) Who did Ruth give a birthday present?
C) Who did Ruth give a birthday present to? D) To whom Ruth gave a birthday present?
Copier **Answer: C**
Object Complements
131. The object complement typically has which semantic role?
A) Agent B) Recipient
C) Affected D) Attribute
Copier **Answer: D**
132. In "The sun has turned our curtains yellow," what is the semantic role of "yellow"?
A) Agent B) Recipient
C) Affected D) Attribute
Copier **Answer: D**
133. Which sentence contains an object complement?
A) They found a solution to the problem. B) They found the solution quickly.
C) They found the solution unsatisfactory. D) They found that the solution worked.
Copier **Answer: C**
134. What is the structure of "I keep my car outside the house"?
A) S + V + dO B) S + V + dO + A
C) S + V + dO + OC D) S + V + iO + dO
Copier **Answer: C**

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135. In "I have made David my assistant," the phrase "my assistant" functions as:
A) Direct object B) Indirect object
C) Subject complement D) Object complement
Copier **Answer: D**
136. The structure S + V + dO + OC parallels which other structure?
A) S + V + dO B) S + V + SC
C) S + V + iO + dO D) S + V + AC
Copier **Answer: B**
137. In "They elected her their leader," how does "their leader" relate to "her"?
A) It identifies or characterizes "her" B) It is something received by "her"
C) It is something affected by "her" D) It modifies the verb "elected"
Copier **Answer: A**
138. Which sentence has the same structure as "I declared the meeting open"?
A) I opened the meeting formally. B) I declared my intentions clearly.
C) I considered the meeting important. D) I attended the meeting regularly.
Copier **Answer: C**
139. In "He stuck his hands in his pockets," what is the function of "in his pockets"?
A) Adverbial B) Direct object
C) Object complement D) Subject complement
Copier **Answer: C**
140. The relationship between direct object and object complement can be demonstrated by paraphrasing. "The heat has
turned the milk sour" can be paraphrased as:
A) The milk has turned sour. B) The heat is sour.
C) The milk is sour. D) The heat has turned sour.
Copier **Answer: C**
Sentence Structure Patterns
141. Which of these is NOT one of the six basic sentence structures identified in the text?
A) S + V B) S + V + SC
C) S + V + OC D) S + V + dO + OC
Copier **Answer: C**
142. The sentence "Someone is talking" illustrates which basic structure?
A) S + V B) S + V + SC
C) S + V + dO D) S + V + AC
Copier **Answer: A**
143. The sentence "My parents are living in Chicago" illustrates which basic structure?
A) S + V B) S + V + SC
C) S + V + dO D) S + V + AC
Copier **Answer: D**
144. The sentence "I feel tired" illustrates which basic structure?
A) S + V B) S + V + SC
C) S + V + dO D) S + V + AC
Copier **Answer: B**
145. The sentence "We have finished our work" illustrates which basic structure?
A) S + V B) S + V + SC
C) S + V + dO D) S + V + AC
Copier **Answer: C**

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146. The sentence "She has given me the letter" illustrates which basic structure?
A) S + V + dO B) S + V + SC
C) S + V + iO + dO D) S + V + dO + OC
Copier **Answer: C**
147. The sentence "You have made me very happy" illustrates which basic structure?
A) S + V + dO B) S + V + SC
C) S + V + iO + Do D) S + V + dO + OC
Copier **Answer: D**
148. Which verb can be used in different sentence structures depending on its meaning?
A) Be B) Have
C) Grow D) All of the above
Copier **Answer: D**
149. In "It smells" and "It smells sweet," the verb "smell" functions as:
A) An intransitive verb in both sentences
B) A transitive verb in both sentences
C) An intransitive verb in the first and a linking verb in the second
D) A linking verb in the first and an intransitive verb in the second
Copier **Answer: C**
150. The sentence "She caught me off my guard" illustrates which basic structure?
A) S + V + dO B) S + V + SC
C) S + V + iO + dO D) S + V + dO + OC
Copier **Answer: D**
ADVANCED CONCEPTS
151. What does the grammatical form refer to in the analysis of sentences?
A) The position of elements in a sentence
B) The structure of phrases based on their main word
C) The meaning conveyed by elements
D) The function of elements in a specific context
Copier **Answer: B**
152. What does the grammatical function refer to in the analysis of sentences?
A) The position of elements in a sentence
B) The structure of phrases based on their main word
C) The meaning conveyed by elements
D) The role elements play in a particular sentence
Copier **Answer: D**
153. In "In the garden stood a small cottage," what is unusual about the sentence structure?
A) The subject comes after the verb B) The verb is missing
C) The adverbial functions as subject D) There is no direct object
Copier **Answer: A**
154. What is the structure of "I have a cold"?
A) S + V + dO B) S + V + SC
C) S + V + iO + dO D) S + V + OC
Copier **Answer: A**
155. "Middle verbs" like "have" in "I have a cold" or "lack" in "He lacks courage" resemble transitive verbs but differ
from them in that:
A) They cannot form passive voice B) They cannot take direct objects
C) They are always stative D) They can only be used in present tense
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Copier **Answer: A**
156. The tag question test for identifying the subject works because:
A) The tag question must agree with the tense of the main verb
B) The pronoun in the tag question refers back to the subject
C) The tag question must use the same verb as the main statement
D) The tag question always comes at the end of the sentence
Copier **Answer: B**
157. In "Amy looks well, doesn't she?" what does the structure of the tag question tell us?
A) "Amy" is the subject of the main statement B) "Well" is an adverbial
C) "Looks" is a linking verb D) All of the above
Copier **Answer: A**
158. Which sentence would NOT be used to test whether "Every kind of medical equipment" is the subject?
A) Was every kind of medical equipment in short supply?
B) Every kind of medical equipment was in short supply, wasn't it?
C) What was in short supply?
D) Every kind of medical equipment was in short supply.
Copier **Answer: C**
159. In "The most important constituent of the predicate is the verb," what is the grammatical function of "the most
important constituent of the predicate"?
A) Subject B) Direct object
C) Subject complement D) Adverbial
Copier **Answer: A**
160. In imperatives like "Help!" or "Look!" what is unique about the sentence structure?
A) The verb comes first B) The subject is absent
C) There is no direct object D) The verb is always in present tense
Copier **Answer: B**
GRAMMATICAL CONCEPTS AND TERMS
61. What is the meaning of the asterisk () in "Has blocked the mountain passes a heavy snowfall"?
A) The sentence is archaic B) The sentence is grammatically incorrect
C) The sentence is a question D) The sentence is emphatic
Copier **Answer: B**
162. What is the term for words like "I," "you," "she," "he," "they"?
A) Pronouns B) Articles
C) Prepositions D) Auxiliaries
Copier **Answer: A**
163. What is a reflexive pronoun?
A) A pronoun that refers to the speaker B) A pronoun that ends in -self or -selves
C) A pronoun used in questions D) A pronoun that refers to a previously mentioned noun
Copier **Answer: B**
164. In "I hurt myself badly," what type of pronoun is "myself"?
A) Personal pronoun B) Possessive pronoun
C) Reflexive pronoun D) Demonstrative pronoun
Copier **Answer: C**
165. What is the relationship between the subject and a reflexive pronoun in the same clause?
A) They refer to different entities B) They refer to the same entity
C) The reflexive pronoun must be plural D) The reflexive pronoun must be singular
Copier **Answer: B**
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166. What is the relationship between active and passive voice?
A) They express different tenses
B) They express different aspects
C) They express different perspectives on the same action
D) They express different moods
Copier **Answer: C**
167. In the transformation from active to passive voice, what happens to the subject of the active sentence?
A) It becomes the direct object
B) It becomes the indirect object
C) It is represented by a phrase introduced by "by" or it is omitted
D) It becomes the subject complement
Copier **Answer: C**
168. What is the difference between a phrase and a clause?
A) A phrase is shorter than a clause
B) A phrase contains a noun while a clause contains a verb
C) A phrase does not contain a subject-verb unit while a clause does
D) A phrase is formal while a clause is informal
Copier **Answer: C**
169. What is the term for the words like "herself," "ourselves," "themselves"?
A) Reciprocal pronouns B) Reflexive pronouns
C) Demonstrative pronouns D) Interrogative pronouns
Copier **Answer: B**
170. What is a declarative sentence?
A) A sentence that asks a question B) A sentence that gives a command
C) A sentence that makes a statement D) A sentence that expresses emotion
Copier **Answer: C**
SPECIFIC SENTENCE ELEMENTS
171. In English, what typically happens to the form of most verbs in the present tense when the subject is singular and
third person?
A) The verb takes an -ed ending B) The verb takes an -s ending
C) The verb takes an -ing ending D) The verb remains in base form
Copier **Answer: B**
172. In "The older child feeds the younger ones," what form feature of the verb "feeds" is controlled by the subject?
A) Person and number B) Tense
C) Voice D) Mood
Copier **Answer: A**
173. Which pronouns have a distinctive form when they function as subject?
A) This, that, these, those B) I, he, she, they
C) My, his, her, their D) Myself, himself, herself, themselves
Copier **Answer: B**
174. In "She knows me well," what is the form of "me"?
A) Subject form B) Object form
C) Possessive form D) Reflexive form
Copier **Answer: B**
175. Which sentence has a pronoun in subject form?
A) Her brother arrived late. B) I met them yesterday.
C) She lives in London. D) Give it to him.
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Copier **Answer: C**
176. In the sentence "The children dressed themselves," what determines the form of "themselves"?
A) The direct object B) The verb
C) The subject D) The tense
Copier **Answer: C**
177. In "The subject determines the form of reflexive pronouns that appear in the same clause," what is the function of
"that appear in the same clause"?
A) Subject B) Direct object
C) Relative clause modifying "pronouns" D) Adverbial
Copier **Answer: C**
178. In "You can look at yourself in the mirror," what determines the choice of "yourself" rather than "myself" or
"themselves"?
A) The verb "look" B) The preposition "at"
C) The subject "you" D) The object "mirror"
Copier **Answer: C**
179. In "She paid me the full amount," if we wanted to use a reflexive pronoun instead of "me," and keep "she" as the
subject, which would be correct?
A) She paid I the full amount. B) She paid herself the full amount.
C) She paid me herself the full amount. D) She herself paid the full amount.
Copier **Answer: B**
180. In transforming "The police called the bomb-disposal squad" to passive voice, which is correct?
A) The bomb-disposal squad called the police. B) The bomb-disposal squad was called by the police.
C) The police was called by the bomb-disposal squad. D) The police were called the bomb-disposal squad.
Copier **Answer: B**
PRACTICAL SENTENCE ANALYSIS
181. Identify the structure of "Analysts predict several years of diminished business."
A) S + V + dO B) S + V + SC
C) S + V + A D) S + V + iO + dO
Copier **Answer: A**
182. Identify the subject in "Since September, the airline industry has suffered its greatest ever slump in business."
A) Since September B) The airline industry
C) Business D) Its greatest ever slump
Copier **Answer: B**
183. In "After the war, few people could find a job," what is the function of "after the war"?
A) Subject B) Direct object
C) Adverbial D) Subject complement
Copier **Answer: C**
184. What is the operator in "Where have you been hiding?"
A) Where B) Have
C) You D) Been
Copier **Answer: B**
185. Make the following sentence negative: "Protesters were in the streets."
A) Protesters were not in the streets. B) Protesters weren't in the streets.
C) Protesters did not be in the streets. D) Both A and B
Copier **Answer: D**

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186. Turn the following into a yes-no question: "Brain bulk is related to brain ability."
A) Brain bulk is related to brain ability? B) Is brain bulk related to brain ability?
C) Does brain bulk relate to brain ability? D) What is brain bulk related to?
Copier **Answer: B**
187. Identify the subject in "Most people were impressed by President Obama."
A) Most B) People
C) Most people D) President Obama
Copier **Answer: C**
188. Add a tag question to "We met Paul in the library."
A) We met Paul in the library, didn't we? B) We met Paul in the library, haven't we?
C) We met Paul in the library, weren't we? D) We met Paul in the library, don't we?
Copier **Answer: A**
189. In "The tsunami caused widespread destruction," identify the direct object.
A) The tsunami B) Caused
C) Widespread D) Widespread destruction
Copier **Answer: D**
190. Turn the following into a question using "what": "Caroline submitted a poem about her dog to the school
magazine."
A) What did Caroline submit to the school magazine?
B) What Caroline submitted to the school magazine?
C) Caroline submitted what to the school magazine?
D) What did Caroline do?
Copier **Answer: A**
Final Review Questions
191. What is the structure of "Outside, the company sign seems modest"?
A) A + S + V + SC B) S + V + dO
C) S + V + A D) A + S + V + dO
Copier **Answer: A**
192. Identify the subject complement in "The company is a genetic engineering firm."
A) The company B) Is
C) A genetic engineering firm D) Genetic engineering
Copier **Answer: C**
193. In "Opossums frequently appear to be dead," identify all adverbials.
A) Opossums B) Frequently
C) Appear D) To be dead
Copier **Answer: B**
194. Complete the sentence with an adverbial complement: "My parents live _____."
A) Happily B) A happy life
C) In Chicago D) With love
Copier **Answer: C**
195. Identify the indirect object in "Send me your details."
A) Send B) Me
C) Your D) Details
Copier **Answer: B**
196. In "The blood turned the river red," identify the object complement.
A) The blood B) Turned
C) The river D) Red
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Copier **Answer: D**
197. Identify the basic sentence structure of "Salt was the first food seasoning."
A) S + V + dO B) S + V + SC
C) S + V + A D) S + V + iO + dO
Copier **Answer: B**
198. In "The lecturer explained the functions of subjects," what is the meaning role of "the lecturer"?
A) Agentive B) Affected
C) Identified D) Characterized
Copier **Answer: A**
199. In "That man is my father," what is the meaning role of "my father"?
A) Agentive B) Affected
C) Identified D) Attribute
Copier **Answer: C**
200. In "It is much colder today," what is the function of "today"?
A) Subject B) Direct object
C) Subject complement D) Adverbial
Copier **Answer: D**Version 2 sur 2

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