Digital Grampanchayat 2024-25

CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION

ABSTRACT

Digital gram panchayat provides online services to the people living in that
panchayat. It helps for the people in that area to easily complete their work which
involves the action of authority of the panchayat people. As everything is made
online people can request their applications from anywhere at any time. After
requesting the Building construction the process will be carried out normally, no
need for the people to go to panchayat office every time for the completion of
work. It saves people time and they can perform their daily work without any
interruption.

1.1 Project Description

The main objective of this application is for better delivery of Citizen Services in the village
through computerization of application. At present in 2023, India is moving towards
Digitalization and the people of using internet are increasing day by day. Digitalization is
not only for urban areas or metropolitan cites, it must be starts with villages. All the
villages are not panchayat as some of them are very small. A gram panchayat is the
cornerstone of a local self-government organisation in India of the panchayat raj system
at the village or small-town level and has a sarpanch as its elected head. There are
2,18,116 panchayats in India against 5.8 lakh villages .According to my research the
number of peoples using social media like Facebook, twitter are gradually increasing in
villages. This application made every gram panchayat in India digitalized specially in
providing services and it also helpful for government to reach every service to every
citizen of villages of the gram panchayat. Gram panchayat is a decentralized institution
managing the application and providing the information about services in the gram
panchayat office.

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The proposed system provides the applications for various services and schemes. It also
provides the application status. E-Services for gram panchayat aim is to provide the
information about the services or schemes and applications for each services of gram
panchayat and it also view and update by the staff of gram panchayat. Gram panchayat
officer will update, delete, create the services .He can view the applications which applied
by the people of villages and he can add the application status like approved, pending,
on process.

1.2 Motivation for Project

The motivation for doing this project was primarily an interest in undertaking a
challenging project in an interesting way. This is project build for villagers those who not
getting information about services and schemes by the state or central government. In
the present scenario the services and schemes are not completely reaching the villagers
and if someone applied for services it much delayed to get benefit from that application.
This project overcome all this disadvantages .This motivated me to build this project.

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CHAPTER 2
LITERATURE SURVEY

2.1 Review of Literature

A literature review is an evaluative report of studies found in the literature related to

selected area. The review describes, summarize, evaluate and clarify this literature. It
gives a theoretical basis for the research. A literature review goes beyond the search for
information and includes the identification and articulation of relationships between the
literature and field of our research.

2.2 Problem Statement

India is a country which has a more number of villages. Indian government has launched
gram panchayat for the development of villages. Government announcing the various
schemes and services for the village peoples. People of villages get the information about
schemes and services only throw print media, electronic media or by visiting to gram
panchayat office. Some services are failure due to lack of information.

2.3 Existing System

In the present scenario, various government services are published in print media and
advertised by the respective departments. It is often difficult for people to get the
relevant information and approach the officials for availing the services. Due to lack of
proper communication among various departments and officials, often the purpose of
the schemes is not achieved. People do not get to know about the schemes and do not
benefit from them.

Application process is doing manual and people do not getting the proper application
status.

Disadvantages

• They get information only throw print media , electronic media and by visiting gram
panchayat office
• They will not get applied application status.

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• The overall process of application and getting benefits from it is too slow.

The officer and staff of gram panchayat will fail to reach a target which giving by
government for each service due to lack of information.

2.4 Proposed System

The Gram Panchayat will have so many functions introducing different kinds of services
like, Application requesting for skill based equipment’s like tailoring machines,
Application for bio gas etc. and the proposed system provide the information about the
services or schemes and application for each services of gram panchayat and it also view
and update by the staff of gram panchayat. So the people can know about services
without entering into the Gram Panchayat office.

Advantages

• They get information by using this system. • They will get status of application
process.
• The overall process of application and getting benefits from it is faster.

• The workload of staff and officer of gram panchayat are reduced.

2.5 Tools and Appendix Used

2.5.1 Introduction to Java

In this project I have use the java programming language for coding purpose. The reason
behind this is java is a platform independent, secure and robust, compiled and
interpreted language. As I know java is a programming language that was developed by
Sun Microsystems. Java programs run inside Java virtual Machine (JVM), which provides
a platform independent level of processing for java byte codes, into which java source
files are compiled. Java thus avoids tying itself to a particular hardware platform,
operating system vendor, or web server. Furthermore, because java has gained wide
industry acceptance, and because the Java Community Process provides a well-defined

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mechanism for introducing changes into the platform when enough industry support
exists. Java users can be confident that they develop applications on a standard and
flexible platform.
The Java programming language is a high-level language that can be characterized by all
of the following buzzwords:
• Simple

• Architecture neutral

• Object oriented

• Portable
• Distributed

• High performance

• Interpreted

• Multithreaded

• Robust

• Dynamic

• Secure

With most programming languages, you either compile or interpret a program so that
you can run it on your computer. The Java programming language is unusual in that a
program is both compiled and interpreted. With the compiler, first translate a program
into an intermediate language called Java byte codes the platform-independent codes
interpreted by the interpreter on the Java platform. The interpreter parses and runs each
Java byte code instruction on the computer. Compilation happens just once;
interpretation occurs each time the program is executed. The following figure illustrates
how this works. You can think of Java byte codes as the machine code instructions for the
Java Virtual Machine (Java VM). Every Java interpreter, whether it’s a development tool
or a Web browser that can run applets, is an implementation of the Java VM. Java byte
codes help make “write once, run anywhere” possible.

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2.5.2 Java Virtual Machine

The Java virtual machine (JVM) is a software implementation of a computer that executes
programs like a real machine. The Java virtual machine is written specifically for a specific
operating system, e.g. for Linux a special implementation is required as well as for
Windows. Java programs are compiled by the Java compiler into so-called byte code. The
Java virtual machine interprets this byte code and executes the Java program.

• Java Runtime Environment vs. Java Development

The Java Development Kit (JDK) is provided by Sun Microsystems as a basic development
environment for Java. The JDK provides similar facilities to the cc compiler for C
programs, plus a JVM simulator and some additional facilities such as a debugger. To use
the JDK, programs are constructed as ASCII text files (by using an editor, for example).
The program files are compiled, which translates the Java code to JVM byte code in .class
files.

Each public class must be in a file having the class name (case sensitive on UNIX) followed
by a .java suffix. There may be any number of classes defined in a .java file, but the
compiler produces a separate .class file for each class. A file is compiled with the java
command, which is similar to the cc command. A class is executed (or more precisely, the
method main in a class is executed) by the command java with the class name (not the
.class file) as the parameter. Thus, for example, to compile the program in file Hi.java, we
would use the command.

Figure 2.5.1 Java compilation process

It can compile your program into byte codes on any platform that has a Java compiler. The byte
codes can then be run on any implementation of the Java VM. That means that as long as a

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computer has a Java VM, the same program written in the Java programming language
can run on Windows 2000, a Solaris workstation, or on an iMac.

Figure 2.5.2 Platform independence

2.5.3 Java Platform

A platform is the hardware or software environment in which a program runs. As already

mentioned some of the most popular platforms like Windows 2000, Linux, Solaris, and
Mac OS. Most platforms can be described as a combination of the operating system and
hardware.
The Java platform differs from most other platforms in that it’s a software-only platform
that runs on top of other hardware-based platforms.

The Java platform has two components:

• The Java Virtual Machine (Java VM)

• The Java Application Programming Interface (Java API)

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It has already been introduced to the Java VM. It’s the base for the Java platform and is
ported onto various hardware-based platforms.

The Java API is a large collection of ready-made software components that provide many
useful capabilities, such as graphical user interface (GUI) widgets. The Java API is grouped
into libraries of related classes and interfaces; these libraries are known as packages. The
next section, What Can Java Technology Do? Highlights what functionality some of the
packages in the Java API provide.

Java technology will help you do the following:

• Get started quickly: Although the Java programming language is a powerful

object oriented language, it’s easy to learn, especially for programmers already
familiar with C or C++.
• Write less code: Comparisons of program metrics (class counts, method counts,
and so on) suggest that a program written in the Java programming language
can be four times smaller than the same program in C++.
• Write better code: The Java programming language encourages good coding
practices, and its garbage collection helps you avoid memory leaks. Its object
orientation, its JavaBeans component architecture, and its wide-ranging, easily
extendible API let you reuse other people’s tested code and introduce fewer
bugs.
• Develop programs more quickly: your development time may be as much as
twice as fast versus writing the same program in C++. Why? You write fewer lines
of code and it is a simpler programming language than C++.
• Avoid platform dependencies with Java: You can keep your program portable
by avoiding the use of libraries written in other languages.
• Write once, run anywhere: Java programs are compiled into machine-independent
byte codes, they run consistently on any Java platform.
Distribute software more easily: You can upgrade applets easily from a central server.
Applets take advantage of the feature of allowing new classes to be loaded “on the fly,”
without recompiling the entire program.

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2.5.4 Java Server Pages (JSP)

JSP is a dynamic scripting capability for web pages that allows Java as well as a few special
tags to be embedded into a web file (HTML/XML, etc.). The suffix traditionally ends with
JSP to indicate to the web server that the file is a JSP file. JSP is a server side technology
you can't do any client side validation with it. JSP files actually get compiled into Servlets.

There other very powerful aspects that Java Server Pages provides: An object model:
JSPs are Servlets and as such, they are able to participate in delegation and inheritance
models as well as all of the other OO things that are available.

2.5.5 Android

The Android platform is a software stack for mobile devices including an operating
system, middleware and key applications. Developers can create applications for the
platform using the Android SDK. Applications are written using the Java programming
language and run on Dalvik, a custom virtual machine designed for embedded use, which
runs on top of a Linux kernel. Android is a operating system for smart phones and open-
source development platform for creating mobile applications, run by dalvik virtual
machine. Android developed by google.

Android provides a rich application framework that allows to build new applications for
mobile devices in a java language environment and android operating system based on
the Linux kernel. Some android versions are jelly bean, kit Kat and lollipop

2.5.6 Android Runtime

Android includes a set of core libraries that provides most of the functionality available in
the core libraries of the Java programming language. Every Android application runs in
its own process, with its own instance of the Dalvik virtual machine. Dalvik has been
written so that a device can run multiple VMs efficiently. The Dalvik VM executes files
in the Dalvik
Executable (.dex) format which is optimized for minimal memory footprint. The VM is
register-based, and runs classes compiled by a Java language compiler that have been
transformed into the .dex format by the included "dex" tool. TheDalvik VM relies on the
Linux kernel for underlying functionality such as threading and low-level memory
management. Linux Kernel Android relies on Linux version 2.6 for core system services
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such as security, memory management, process management, network stack, and driver
model. The kernel also acts as an abstraction layer between the hardware and the rest of the
software stack.

Android software development kit (SDK)

• Android SDK is software development kit that used by the developers to create
application for android platform.
• Android SDK includes one or more API’s, programming tools, documentation and
required libraries to build android applications.
• Android SDK separates tools, platform and development environment includes
Eclipse IDE and plug-in ADT and android emulator.

2.5.7 Architecture of Android OS

• Linux Kernel: At the bottom of the layers is Linux kernel. This provides basic system
functionality like process management, memory management, device management
and it is also act as abstraction layer between the hardware and software layer.
• Libraries: It include Web Kit browser engine used to display HTML content, SQLite
database engine used in android data storage, Media framework for recording audio
and video, SSL used for internet security and OpenGL used to render 2D or 3D
graphics content to screen.
• Android Run time: Dalvik Virtual Machine (DVM) is the kind of JVM specially designed
for android to run the android applications. DVM allows multiple instance of virtual
machine to every android application run its own process and memory management.
• Application Framework: It include activity manager for activity life cycle of
application, content providers for data sharing between applications, telephony
manager for all voice calls, location manager for location management using GPS.
Application: It is top layer in architecture and includes several standard applications such
as contacts, web browser etc.

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Figure 2.5.3 Architecture of Android Operating System

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CHAPTER 3
SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS SPECIFICATION

3.1 Introduction

The software requirement Specification is to specify the requirements for the

development of the software. This document specifies the various modules required
to be implemented in the system and the constraints that in which the system is
expected to work. A System Requirement Specification (SRS) – a requirements
specification for a software system – is a complete description of the behaviours of
a system to be developed. It includes a set of use case that describes all the
interactions the users will have with the software. In addition to use case, the SRS
also contains non-functional (or supplementary) requirements. Non-Functional
requirements are requirements which impose constraints on the design or
implementation (such as performance engineering requirements, quality standards,
or design constraints).

3.4 Functional Requirements

The system is proposed to have the following modules:

• User Gram panchayat staff

• Gram panchayat officer

• User: Users are the people of gram panchayat they view services and apply
application for services they provide by gram panchayat and they can view
application status. This android app makes availability of gram panchayat
services and schemes easier for user and they can access information about gram
panchayat services and schemes at any time.

• Gram panchayat staff: Gram panchayat staff adds and removes the services of
gram panchayat and the staff maintains the reports of application of each
services and they will send application to chief officer of gram panchayat and
they will update application status

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Gram panchayat officer: Gram panchayat officer adds and removes the services of
gram panchayat, they view and send back application, approve and select
applications. They are responsible for developments which undergoes in gram
panchayat offices. They are the one who select the applications which is eligible to
that specified services.

CHAPTER 4
SYSTEM ANALYSIS

System analysis is the examination of the problem. It is concerned with identifying

all the constraints and influences. It deals with the data collections and a detailed
evolution of the present system. The process of the system analysis phase in our
project is composed into following parts:

• Problem Analysis

• Feasibility Study

4.1 Problem Analysis

The study of existing system is the base to create a new system. For the development
of the proposed system we understand the problem of the existing system and
capture the requirements. Depending upon the user requirements appropriate
performance analysis tool is selected for the development of system. The
functionality of the software is specified as per user requirement. The proposed
system also provides a simple and easy to use GUI with customer fonts and colors.

4.2 Feasibility study

Feasibility study is an important phase in requirements engineering process. An
estimate is made of whether the identified user needs may be satisfied using current
software and hardware technologies. The study will decide if the proposed system
will be cost effective and if it can be developed given existing budgetary constraints.
Feasibility study should be relatively cheap and quick. The result should inform the
decision of whether to go ahead with a more detailed analysis.

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4.2.1 System Feasibility

A feasibility analysis is performed to choose the system that meets the performance
requirements at least cost. During product engineering, we concentrate our
attention on three main areas of interest

Three essential considerations are involved in the feasibility analysis.

• Economical Feasibility.
• Operational Feasibility.
• Technical Feasibility.

4.2.2 Economical Feasibility

Economic Feasibility is the most frequently used method for evaluating the effectiveness
of a system more commonly known as cost-benefit analysis. The procedure is to determine
the benefits and savings that are expected from system and compare them with costs. The
system Developed is applicable to any computer hardware shop and the software required
for running
this one are the one which are the basic ones in the system. The application is very
easy to use and does not require any expenditure on the other software’s.

4.2.3 Operational Feasibility

The proposed project is beneficial because it can be turned into an information
system that will meet the organizations operating requirements. Product will be
developed without a real time study of any specific process in any organization.
There could be performance related issues which are not addressed at this point of
development taking into consideration the efforts and costs.

4.2.4 Technical Feasibility

Technical Feasibility concentrates on the existing computer system and to what
extent it can support the proposed system. For example if the current computer is
operating at 80% capacity, then running another application could overload the
system or require additional hardware. This involves financial considerations to
accommodate technical enhancements. The software tools selected provide
technical guarantee of accuracy, reliability, ease of access and data security. Thus

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since both the hardware and software requirements are satisfied it is technically
feasible

CHAPTER 5
SYSTEM DESIGN

5.1 Introduction

The most creative and challenging phase of the system life cycle is system design. The
term design describes a final system and the process by which it is developed. It refers to
the technical specifications that will be applied in implementing the candidate system. It
also includes the construction of programs and program testing. The key question involved
here is “How the problem should be solved”. System design is a solution for the question
of how to approach to the creation of a new system. This important phase is composed of
several steps. It provides the understanding and procedural details necessary for
implementing the system
recommended in the feasibility study. Design of the system is the actual modelling or
prototyping of the function specification document. In other words the analysis is
modelling into a structure a prototype with all its constraints, control requirements,
logins, data security and so on. The design process translates the requirements into
the representation of the software that can be asserts for quality before coding
designs.

• Verification
• Completeness
• Consistency
• Efficiency
• Simplicity

5.2 System Design

System design is the process of defining the architecture, components, modules,

interfaces, and data for a system to satisfy specified requirements. In system design,
the design functions and operations are described in detail, including screen layouts,

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business rules, process diagrams and other documentation. The output of this stage
will describe the new system as a collection of modules or subsystems.

5.2.1 Use Case Diagram

A use case diagram in the Unified Modelling Language (UML) is a type of

behavioural diagram defined by and created from a Use-case analysis. Its purpose is
to present a graphical overview of the functionality provided by a system in terms of
actors, their goals (represented as use cases), and any dependencies between those
use cases

Use Case Diagram Symbols:-

Symbol Name

Actor

Association

Process

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 Use Case for User

E - Services of Gram
panchayat

Login

Registration

View Services
User

Apply for Services

View Application Status

Fig 5.2.1: User

 Use Case for Staff

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E -Services of Gram
panchayat

Login

View Applicati ons

View Services

Approve / reject
Staff Application

Edit Application

Add Application Status

Fig 5.2.2: Staff

 Use Case for Officer
E - Services of Gram
panchayat

Login

View Applications

Add/Remove services

Officer Approve/reject Application

Add Application Status

Fig 5. 2.3 : Officer

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5.2.2 Sequence Diagram

A sequence diagram in Unified Modelling Language (UML) is a kind of interaction

diagram that shows how processes operate with one another and in what order and
also the flow of logic within your system in a visual manner, enabling you both to
document and validate your logic, and are commonly used for both analysis and
design purposes. Sequence diagrams are the most popular UML artefact for dynamic
modelling, which focuses on identifying the behaviour within your system. Sequence
diagram are made up of following elements

• Lifeline: A Lifeline symbol that consists of a rectangle formatting its head followed
by a dashed vertical line that represents the lifetime of the participant.
• Execution: Execution is interaction fragment which represents a period in the
participant’s lifetime, it is represented by white rectangle on the lifeline.
• Actor: Actor represented by a stick figure, actor are entities that are both
interactive with and external to the system.
• Message: A message is particular communication between Lifelines of an
interaction, represented by a solid line with a lined arrowhead.
• Return message: is a kind of message that represents the pass of information back
to the caller of a corresponded message. It is represented by a dashed line with a
lined arrowhead.

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 User

Fig 5.2.4: Sequence Diagram for User

 Staff

Fig 5.2.5: Sequence Diagram for Staff

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 Officer

Fig 5.2.6: Sequence Diagram for Officer

5.2.3 Activity Diagram

An activity diagram shows the sequence of steps that make up a complex process,
such an algorithm are workflow. An activity diagram shows flow of control, similar
to a sequence diagram but focuses on operations rather than an object. The steps in
an activity diagram are operations, activities from the state model.

Elements of Activity Diagram

Symbol Name Description

Portrays the beginning of a set

Initial Node of actions or activities

Is used to stop all control flows

and object flows in an activity
Final Node
(or action)

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Is used to represent a set of

actions
Activity

shows the sequence of

Control flow execution

is used to represent a test

condition to Ensure that the
control flow or object flow
Decision node only goes down one path

Is used to split behaviour into a

set of parallel/concurrent flows
of activities.
Fork Node

Table 5.1: Elements of Activity Diagram

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 User

Fig 5.2.7: Activity Diagram for User

 Staff

Fig 5.2.8: Activity Diagram for Staff

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 Officer

Fig 5.2.9: Activity Diagram for Office

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5.2. Class
4In software
Diagram engineering,a class diagram in the Unified Modelling
Language(UML) is a type of static structure diagram that describes the structure
of a system by showing the system’s classes, their attributes, operation(or

E-Services of Gram Panchayat

User
User(
Register()
Staff(
)
Officer(
)
)

User Register User Staff Officer

Name: Varchar Adhar no: Id: Id:
E-mail: Varchar Int
Password: Varchar
Password: Password:
Varchar
Adhar No: Int Varchar
View Services
Mobile no: Int Varchar
1 Services
View Varchar
Password: View Services Update
() Services
*Address: ()
Apply Application
* ()View
() applications* ()View applications
Varchar
Varchar View 1 Update () 1 ()Update
User Registration Application
Status
Application
Status Application
Status
Information() ()
() ()
1 *

Fig5.2.10:Class Diagram

5.3 Database Design

5.3.1 Entity–Relation Model
An entity–relationship model (ER model) is a data model for describing the data or
information aspects of a business domain or its process requirements, in an abstract
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way that lends itself to ultimately being implemented in a database such as a

relational database. The main components of ER models are entities (things) and the
relationships that can exist among them.

An ER model is typically implemented as a database. In the case of a relational

database, which stores data in tables, every row of each table represents one
instance of an entity. Some data fields in these tables point to indexes in other tables;
such pointers represent the relationships.

• ER Diagram Conventions

Symbols Meaning

Entity

Relationship

Attribute

Key Attribute

Table 5.2 ER Notations

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5.3.2 ER Diagram

Fig 5.2.11 Entity-Relation Model

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5.3.3 Database Tables

TABLE: User
Field Name Data Type Constraint Description

ID Int(10) Primary Key User ID generates

Name Varchar(30) Not Null Name of user

Email Varchar(30) Not Null Email of user

Adhar No Int(14) Not Null Adhar number

Mobile No Int(10|) Not Null Mobile number

Address Varchar(50) Not Null Address of user

Log id Int(10) Not Null Login Id

Table 5.3.3: User Detail

TABLE: Login
Field Name Data Type Constraint Description

ID Int(10) Primary Key Login Id

Password Varchar(10) Not Null Password of login id

Login Id Int(10) Not Null No of login id entered

Table 5.3.4: Login Detail

TABLE: User Services

Field Name Data Type Constraint Description

ID Int(10) Primary Key User Service ID

User Id Int(10) Not Null User ID

Service Id Int(10) Not Null Service Id

Table 5.3.5: User Service Detail

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TABLE: User Document

Field Name Data Type Constraint Description

ID Int(10) Primary Key User Document ID

User ID Int(10) Not Null User ID

Document ID Int(10) Not Null Document Id
Table 5.3.10: User Document Detail

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CHAPTER 6
IMPLEMENTATION

6.1 Introduction

Implementation is the stage of the project when the theoretical design is turned into
working system. At this stage the workload of upheaval and impact on existing
practices shift to the user department. If the implementation stage is not carefully
planned and controlled, it can cause chaos, thus it can be considered to be the most
critical stage in achieving new system and in giving the users confidence that the new
system will work and be affective.

Implementation is the stage of the project where the theoretical design is turned
into a working system. At this stage the main work load, the greatest upheaval and
the major impact on the existing system shifts to the user department. If the
implementation is not carefully planned and controlled it can cause chaos and
confusion.

Implementation includes all those activities that take place to convert from the old
system to the new one. The new system may be totally new, replacing an existing
manual or automated system or it may be a major modification to an existing system.
Proper implementation is essential to provide a reliable system to meet the
organization requirements. Successful implementation may not guarantee
improvement in the organization using the new system, but improper installation
will prevent it.

The implementation stage involves following tasks.

• Careful Planning.

• Investigation of system and constraints.

• Design of methods to achieve the changeover.

• Training of the staff in the changeover phase.

• Evaluation of the changeover method.

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6.2 Flow Chart

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CHAPTER 7
SYSTEM TESTING

7.1 Testing Methods

Software Testing is the process of executing a program or system with the intent of
finding Errors .Software testing is any activity aimed at evaluating an attribute or
capability of a program or system and determining that it meets its required results.
Software testing is an empirical investigation conducted to provide stakeholders
with information about the quality of the product or service under test, with respect
to the context in which it is intended to operate. This includes the process of
executing a program or application with the intent of finding software bugs.

The scope of software testing often includes examination of code as well as

execution of that code in various environments and conditions as well as examining
the aspects of code: does it do what it is supposed to do and do what it needs to do.
In the current culture of software development, a testing organization may be
separate from the development team. Information derived from software testing
may be used to correct the process by which software is developed. Testing is more
than just debugging. The purpose of testing can be quality assurance, verification
and validation, or reliability estimation. Testing can be used as a generic metric as
well. Correctness testing and reliability testing are two major areas of testing.
Detecting all of the different failure modes for software is generally infeasible.
Testing is usually performed for the following purposes:

• To improve quality

• For Verification & Validation

For reliability estimation there are basically two types of testing approaches:

 Black-Box testing

Black-Box testing is a testing method in which test data are derived from the
specified functional requirements without regard to the final program structure. It is

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also termed datadriven, input/output driven or requirements-based testing.

Because only the functionality of the software module is of concern, black-box
testing also mainly refers to Functional testing A testing method emphasized on
executing the functions and examination of their input and output data.

 White-Box testing

White-Box testing knowing the internal working of the product, tests can be
conducted to ensure that the internal operation of the product performs
according to specification and all internal components have been adequately
exercised.

 Acceptance Testing

User Acceptance Testing is a critical phase of any project and requires significant
participation by the end user. It also ensures that the system meets the functional
requirements.

Test Results: All the test cases mentioned above passed successfully. No defects
encountered.

7.2 Testing Strategies

Different types of testing are :

• Unit Testing

• Integration Testing

• System Testing

7.2.1 Unit Testing

In this testing we test each module individually. Unit testing focuses verification efforts
on the smaller unit of the software design in the module. This is also known as ‘module’
testing. The modules of the system are tested separately. The testing is carried out
during programming stage itself. It is very easy to find error debug the system

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7.2.2 Integration Testing

Once individual program components have been tested, they must be integrated to
create a partial or complete system. This integration process involves building the
system and testing the resultant system for problems that arises from component
integrations. To make it easier to locate errors, we should always use an
incremental approach to system integration and testing.

7.2.3 System Testing

System testing validates software once it has been incorporated into a larger
system. System testing is actually a series of different test whose primary purpose
is to fully exercise the computer-based system.

7.3 Validation

The terms verification and validation are used interchangeably. Verification is the
process of determining whether or not the products of given phase of software
development fulfil the specifications established in the previous phase Validation is
the process of evaluating the software at the end of software development
process; we find how well the software satisfies the requirement specifications.

Functional testing is centred on the following items:

Valid Input : identified classes of valid input must be accepted.

Invalid Input : identified classes of invalid input must be rejected.

Functions : identified functions must be exercised.

Output : identified classes of application outputs must be exercised.

Systems/Procedures : interfacing systems or procedures must be invoked.

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7.4 TEST CASES

SlNO. Description Input Expected Output Actual Output Result

1 Login Valid username Redirect to home Redirect to Pass

/password page home page

2 Registration Fill all the details Window Alert window Pass

form displayed
displaying all
details have been
stored in the
database

3 Registration Blank field An alert window Alert window Pass

form displaying error displayed

message to fill all

the details

4 Create Services Fill all the details Window Alert window Pass
displayed
displaying all
details have been
stored in the
database

5 Delete Services Delete the Services deleted Services deleted Pass

from list from
Services
list

6 Update Services Update the Services Services Update Services Pass

from list
Update from
list

7 Update Update the status Updated status can Updated status Pass
application of application view by user can view by user
status

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8 Update Service Update by That Specified That Specified Pass

services officer updated
updated services
services can
can view by user view by user and
and staff staff

9 Deleted services Service Deleted by That Specified That Specified Pass

officer Deleted services
Deleted services
cant view by
cant view by user
user and staff
and staff

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Table 7.1 Test Cases

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Workflow
The workflow is represented by an arrow. The activity diagram shows the workflow's
direction.

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CONCLUSION
India is a country which has more number of villages. Indian government has launched
gram panchayat for the development of villages. Our governments announcing the
various schemes and services for the village peoples. People of villages get the
information about schemes and services only throw print media, electronic media or by
visiting to gram panchayat office

E-Services for gram panchayat aim is to provide the information about the services or
schemes and by using this they can apply application for each services of gram panchayat.
View and update by the staff and officer of gram panchayat.

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FUTURE ENHANCEMENT
The following features can be implemented as future enhancements:

• We can implement mobile number verification and validation by generating OTP.

• We can implement addhar card number validation.

• We can also include other important information which announced by the

government to reach the people of villagers very frequently.
• We can implement this mobile application to urban areas by adding the urban
services and schemes.
We can implement online payment to gram panchayat

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Bibliography

Reference Books

1. Haseman”Beginning Android Programming”Peach pit Press, 1st Edition.

2. James CSheusl. ”Android Application Development” Course Technology

3. HerbertSchildt”The Complete Reference JAVA “McGraw Hill, 6th Edition

4. IanSommerville “Software Engineering” Person Education Ltd, 9th Edition

5. MichaelBlaha,JamesRumbaugh “OOMD” Person Education Ltd,2nd Edition

6. ElmasriandNavathe “Fundamentals of Database System” Person Education Ltd 5h

Edition

Websites

• http://developer.android.com/guide/index.html

• http://developer.android.com/training/basics/firstapp/index.html

• http://www.codeproject.com/Articles/102065/Android-A-beginner-s-guide

• http://mobile.dzone.com/articles/fundamentals-android-tutorial

• http://mobile.tutsplus.com/tutorials/android/java-tutorial/

• http://panchamitra.kar.nic.in/SM_Details.aspx?op=3

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