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Notes Machine Learning

Machine learning (ML) is a computer science field that enables systems to learn from data without explicit programming, utilizing data, algorithms, and models. It encompasses supervised learning (predicting outcomes from labeled data), unsupervised learning (discovering patterns in unlabeled data), and reinforcement learning (learning through interaction). The ML process involves data collection, preprocessing, model selection, training, evaluation, and deployment, while also considering issues like overfitting, underfitting, and ethical implications.

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19 views2 pages

Notes Machine Learning

Machine learning (ML) is a computer science field that enables systems to learn from data without explicit programming, utilizing data, algorithms, and models. It encompasses supervised learning (predicting outcomes from labeled data), unsupervised learning (discovering patterns in unlabeled data), and reinforcement learning (learning through interaction). The ML process involves data collection, preprocessing, model selection, training, evaluation, and deployment, while also considering issues like overfitting, underfitting, and ethical implications.

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saarthakas
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## Machine Learning Study Notes

### Introduction to Machine Learning

* **Definition:** Machine learning (ML) is a field of computer science that gives computer systems
the ability to learn from data without being explicitly programmed.

* **Key Concepts:**
* **Data:** The raw material used to train ML models. Can be structured (e.g., tables) or
unstructured (e.g., text, images).
* **Algorithms:** The specific procedures used to learn patterns from data.
* **Models:** The representation of what an algorithm learns. Used to make predictions.

### Types of Machine Learning

* **Supervised Learning:**
* Learns from labeled data (input features and corresponding target variable).
* Goal: To predict the target variable given new input features.
* Examples:
* **Classification:** Predicting a categorical target (e.g., spam/not spam).
* **Regression:** Predicting a continuous target (e.g., house price).

* **Unsupervised Learning:**
* Learns from unlabeled data (input features only).
* Goal: To discover hidden patterns or structures in the data.
* Examples:
* **Clustering:** Grouping similar data points together.
* **Dimensionality Reduction:** Reducing the number of variables while preserving important
information.

* **Reinforcement Learning:**
* Learns through interaction with an environment.
* An agent learns to make decisions to maximize a reward signal.
* Examples:
* Game playing (e.g., AlphaGo).
* Robotics.

### The Machine Learning Process

* **Data Collection:** Gathering relevant data.


* **Data Preprocessing:** Cleaning, transforming, and preparing data for the model.
* **Model Selection:** Choosing an appropriate algorithm based on the problem and data.
* **Training:** Feeding the data to the algorithm to learn the model.
* **Evaluation:** Assessing the model's performance on unseen data.
* **Deployment:** Putting the model into production to make predictions.

### Key Considerations

* **Overfitting:** The model learns the training data too well and performs poorly on unseen data.
* **Underfitting:** The model is too simple and cannot capture the underlying patterns in the data.
* **Bias-Variance Tradeoff:** Balancing the model's ability to generalize (low variance) with its
ability to fit the training data (low bias).
* **Ethical Considerations:** Addressing potential biases and ensuring fairness in ML applications.

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