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Algebra Quick Notes

The document provides a concise overview of key algebra concepts, including basic definitions, laws, identities, linear and quadratic equations, progressions, and inequalities. It outlines essential formulas and properties necessary for understanding algebra. These notes serve as a quick reference for exam preparation.

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40 views2 pages

Algebra Quick Notes

The document provides a concise overview of key algebra concepts, including basic definitions, laws, identities, linear and quadratic equations, progressions, and inequalities. It outlines essential formulas and properties necessary for understanding algebra. These notes serve as a quick reference for exam preparation.

Uploaded by

gs
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Algebra Quick Short Notes

1. Basic Concepts
• Algebra deals with symbols (variables) and rules for manipulating them.
• Constants: Fixed values (e.g., 2, -5, 3/4).
• Variables: Symbols representing unknowns (e.g., x, y, z).
• Algebraic Expression: Combination of variables, constants, and operations (e.g., 2x + 3y - 7).
• Equation: A statement that two expressions are equal (e.g., 2x + 3 = 7).

2. Laws of Algebra
• Commutative Law: a + b = b + a, ab = ba.
• Associative Law: (a + b) + c = a + (b + c), (ab)c = a(bc).
• Distributive Law: a(b + c) = ab + ac.

3. Important Identities
• (a + b)^2 = a^2 + 2ab + b^2
• (a - b)^2 = a^2 - 2ab + b^2
• (a + b)(a - b) = a^2 - b^2
• (x + a)(x + b) = x^2 + (a + b)x + ab

4. Linear Equations
• General form: ax + b = 0
• Solution: x = -b/a (where a ≠ 0).
• For two variables: ax + by + c = 0.

5. Quadratic Equations
• General form: ax^2 + bx + c = 0 (a ≠ 0).
• Discriminant (D) = b^2 - 4ac.
• Roots: x = (-b ± √D) / 2a.
• Nature of Roots: D > 0 → Real & distinct, D = 0 → Real & equal, D < 0 → Imaginary.

6. Progressions
• Arithmetic Progression (AP): a, a+d, a+2d, ...
• nth term: Tn = a + (n-1)d
• Sum of n terms (Sn): n/2 [2a + (n-1)d]
• Geometric Progression (GP): a, ar, ar^2, ...
• nth term: Tn = ar^(n-1)
• Sum of n terms (Sn): a(r^n - 1)/(r-1), if r ≠ 1

7. Inequalities
• If a > b and b > c → a > c (Transitive property).
• If a > b then a + c > b + c.
• If a > b and c > 0 → ac > bc.

These quick notes cover the most important Algebra concepts for exams.

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