Unit 3.

1 Animal groups

1. bird /bɜːd/ (noun) – an animal with feathers and wings, most can fly – chim
2. mammal /ˈmæml/ (noun) – an animal that gives birth to live babies and feeds them with
milk – động vật có vú
3. amphibian /æmˈfɪbiən/ (noun) – an animal that lives both in water and on land – lưỡng
cư
4. reptile /ˈreptaɪl/ (noun) – a cold-blooded animal that lays eggs and has dry scaly skin
– bò sát
5. insect /ˈɪnsekt/ (noun) – a small animal with six legs and usually wings – côn trùng
6. fish /fɪʃ/ (noun) – a cold-blooded animal that lives in water and has gills – cá
7. gill /ɡɪl/ (noun) – the organ fish use to breathe underwater – mang
8. fur /fɜːr/ (noun) – soft thick hair that covers the bodies of some animals – lông (mềm,
dày)
9. scales /skeɪlz/ (noun) – small hard plates covering the skin of fish and reptiles – vảy
10. fins /fɪnz/ (noun) – parts that help fish swim – vây cá
11. shell /ʃel/ (noun) – a hard outer covering of some animals like turtles or snails – vỏ, mai
12. feathers /ˈfeðəz/ (noun) – soft light things that cover a bird’s body – lông vũ
13. habitat /ˈhæbɪtæt/ (noun) – the natural place where an animal or plant lives – môi
trường sống
14. vertebrate /ˈvɜːtɪbrət/ (noun) – an animal with a backbone – động vật có xương sống
15. species /ˈspiːʃiːz/ (noun) – a group of similar animals or plants – loài
16. lay the eggs /leɪ ði eɡz/ (verb phrase) – to produce eggs – đẻ trứng
17. be covered in /ˈkʌvəd ɪn/ (phrase) – to have something over the surface – được bao phủ
bởi
18. protect /prəˈtekt/ (verb) – to keep safe – bảo vệ
19. feed /fiːd/ (verb) – to give food to someone or something – cho ăn
20. lung /lʌŋ/ (noun) – the organ for breathing air – phổi
21. wings /wɪŋz/ (noun) – parts of a bird or insect used for flying – cánh

VOCABULARY PRACTICE
🟢 I. Matching: Match the word to its definition

A B
1. Mammal a. A hard outer covering that protects some animals
2. Feather b. Animal that lives both on land and in water
3. Habitat c. Animal that has fur, gives birth to babies, and produces milk
4. Amphibian d. Body part used by birds to fly
5. Shell e. Place where an animal or plant normally lives
6. Wings f. Soft, light parts that cover a bird's body

🟡 II. Multiple Choice: Choose the best answer

1. A fish breathes through its...

a. lungs
Unit 3. 1 Animal groups

b. gills
c. wings
d. feathers
2. Which animal is covered in scales?
a. Dog
b. Snake
c. Frog
d. Cow
3. Birds usually...
a. drink milk
b. lay eggs
c. have gills
d. eat grass
4. Which of these is an insect?
a. Bat
b. Lizard
c. Bee
d. Duck

🔵 III. Fill in the blanks with the correct word

Choose from: fur, scales, lungs, feed, shell

1. Reptiles like lizards are covered in _______.

2. Mammals usually have _______ to keep them warm.
3. Turtles have a strong _______ to protect their bodies.
4. Humans and most mammals breathe through their _______.
5. Parents in many bird species _______ their young by bringing food.

🔴 IV. Sentence Transformation (Paraphrasing)

Rewrite the sentence using the given word(s).

1. Original: Fish have body parts that help them swim.

Paraphrased using: fins
→ Fish use their _______ to swim.
2. Original: This animal lives in the forest and the river.
Paraphrased using: habitat
→ Its _______ includes both forest and river.
3. Original: Frogs are not birds or mammals.
Paraphrased using: amphibians
→ Frogs are _______.
Unit 3. 1 Animal groups

4. Original: Birds are animals that have bones.

Paraphrased using: vertebrates
→ Birds are _______.

🐾 Reading Comprehension: How Animals Survive in Nature

A. Animal Groups and Backbones

All animals can be sorted into groups based on their body features. Vertebrates are animals with
backbones. This group includes mammals, birds, fish, amphibians, and reptiles. Each type has
different characteristics that help it survive.

B. Body Cover and Breathing

Mammals are usually covered in fur and use lungs to breathe. Birds have feathers and most can
fly with their wings. Fish breathe using gills and have fins to move in the water. Amphibians,
like frogs, can live both on land and in water and may breathe through their skin or
lungs. Reptiles, such as snakes or lizards, have dry scales that cover their bodies.

C. Reproduction and Protection

Most animals reproduce by laying eggs, especially birds, reptiles, fish, and amphibians. Some
animals, like turtles, lay eggs and protect them by burying them in the sand. Many animals have
special body parts that help them protectthemselves—for example, turtles have a hard shell, and
fish have slippery scales.

D. Insects and Habitats

Insects are not vertebrates. They do not have a backbone. They are small, have six legs, and can
be found in nearly every habitat on Earth. Every species has features to help it find food and
stay safe. Some insects use colors to hide, while others use strong smells or stings.

🧩 Task 1: Heading Matching

Match each paragraph (A–D) with the correct title.

1. ___ Reproduction and Self-Defense

2. ___ Types of Animals with Backbones
3. ___ Where Insects Live
4. ___ How Animals Breathe and What Covers Their Bodies
Unit 3. 1 Animal groups

✅ Task 2: True or False

Write True or False next to each sentence.

1. All vertebrates have lungs to breathe.

2. Fish have scales and use fins to swim.
3. Only mammals lay eggs.
4. Insects have a backbone and fur.
5. Birds use feathers and wings to fly.

✍️Task 3: Fill in the blanks

Use one word from the text to complete the paraphrased sentence.

1. Frogs are a type of ______________ that can live in water and on land.
2. Animals with backbones are called ______________.
3. A turtle’s hard ______________ helps protect its body.
4. Animals that live in different places have adapted to their ______________.
5. A ______________ is a group of animals with shared features.

❓ Task 4: Answer the Questions

1. How do fish breathe and move?
2. What are some ways animals protect themselves?
3. What group of animals does not have a backbone?
4. What is one way insects defend themselves?
5. Which animals usually have fur?

🦎🐠🐦 Reading: Amazing Animals and Their Features

Animals come in many shapes and sizes, and they live in different habitats around the world.
Some animals live in water, while others live on land or in the air. Their bodies are specially
adapted to help them survive in their environment.

A. Mammals and Birds

Unit 3. 1 Animal groups

Mammals are animals that have fur or hair and feed their babies with milk. Most mammals, like
tigers or dolphins, have lungs to breathe air. Birds, on the other hand, have feathers and wings,
which allow many of them to fly. Birds also have lungs and lay eggs, usually in nests.

B. Fish and Amphibians

Fish are animals that live in water. They have gills to breathe and fins to swim. Their bodies are
usually covered in scales. Amphibians, such as frogs, can live both in water and on land. They
usually lay eggs in water and breathe with lungs or through their skin.

C. Reptiles and Insects

Reptiles like snakes and turtles are covered in scales or have a shell. Most reptiles lay eggs on
land. Insects are small invertebrates that have three body parts and six legs. They often live in a
specific habitat, like a garden or forest.

D. Protecting the Young

Some animals protect their young by hiding them or building safe spaces. For example,
mammals feed their babies, while birds stay near the nest to guard their eggs. Every species has
its own way to survive and grow.

📝 TASKS

I. Match the headings to the correct paragraphs (A–D).

1. Animals That Can Live on Land and in Water →

2. How Animals Take Care of Their Babies →
3. Land and Flying Animals with Lungs →
4. Scaled Creatures and Tiny Crawlers →

II. True or False

Write T for true and F for false.

1. Fish breathe with lungs.

2. Birds usually lay eggs.
3. Amphibians can live in water and on land.
4. All insects live in the ocean.
5. Mammals have fur and feed their young with milk.
Unit 3. 1 Animal groups

III. Fill in the blanks using the paraphrased hints

(Choose the correct word from the box below)

fish / feathers / lungs / fins / gills / habitat / scales / protect / fur / shell

1. Birds have wings and __________ that help them fly.

2. Turtles have a hard __________ to keep their body safe.
3. Frogs need a wet __________ to lay their eggs.
4. Salmon are __________ that live in rivers and oceans.
5. Snakes are covered in __________ to help protect their skin.
6. Dolphins use their __________ to breathe air.
7. Fish use __________ instead of lungs to get oxygen.
8. A bear’s thick __________ helps it stay warm in cold places.
9. A bird will often __________ its eggs by staying near the nest.
10. Sharks have __________ that help them move through water.

IV. Answer the questions

1. What body part do birds use to fly?

2. Why do mammals need lungs?
3. Where do amphibians usually lay their eggs?
4. How do insects differ from reptiles?
5. What helps protect a turtle’s body?