Scribd
Upload
13 views3 pages

Lesson04-Decision Making (If-Statement)

Lesson 4 covers decision structures in Python, which evaluate expressions to produce TRUE or FALSE outcomes. It explains three main constructs: if statements, if...else statements, and nested if statements, providing syntax and examples for each. Additionally, it introduces the elif statement for checking multiple conditions and demonstrates single-line if statements.

Uploaded by

wangombeerick2005
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
13 views3 pages

Lesson04-Decision Making (If-Statement)

Lesson 4 covers decision structures in Python, which evaluate expressions to produce TRUE or FALSE outcomes. It explains three main constructs: if statements, if...else statements, and nested if statements, providing syntax and examples for each. Additionally, it introduces the elif statement for checking multiple conditions and demonstrates single-line if statements.

Uploaded by

wangombeerick2005
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Lesson 4: Decision Structures

Decision structures evaluate multiple expressions, which produce TRUE or


FALSE as the outcome. The following is the general form of a typical decision-
making structure found in most of the programming languages-

Python programming language assumes any non-zero and non-null values as


TRUE, and any zero or null values as FALSE value.

There are three constructs of decision-making statements in Python:

 if statements
 if...else statements,
 nested if statements

if statement

If the conditional expression in an if statement is True, then the block of


statement(s) inside the if statement is executed.

Example 1

age = 20
if age:
print ("Age is true")
print (age)
Example 2

if age < 18:


print ("This is a minor")
print (age)

A. Irungu
if... else statements

An else statement can be combined with an if statement. An else statement


contains a block of code that is executed when the conditional expression in
the if statement is False. The else statement is optional; and there can only be
at most one else statement following an if statement.

Syntax

if expression:
statement(s)
else:
statement(s)
Example

score=int (input ("Enter the score: "))


if score<50:
grade="Fail"
print ("Failed: Score = ", score)
else:
grade="Pass"
print ("Passed: Score = ", score)

elif Statement

The elif statement allows you to check multiple expressions for TRUE and
execute a block of code as soon as one of the conditions evaluates to TRUE;

Syntax

if expression1:
statement(s)
elif expression2:
statement(s)
elif expression3:
statement(s)
else:
statement(s)
Example
score=int (input ("Enter the score: "))
if score<40 and score>=0:
grade="F"
elif score<50:
grade="D"
elif score<60:
grade="C"
elif (score<70):

A. Irungu
grade="B"
elif score<=100:
grade="A"
else:
print ("Invalid Score!")
print ("Score = " + str(score) +", Grade = " + grade)

Nested if statements

An if construct can be included as part of statements inside another if


construct.

Syntax

if expression1:
statement(s)
if expression2:
statement(s)
else
statement(s)
else:
statement(s)
Example
name = input ("Enter your name: ")
if len(name)>5:
print ("Your name has more than 5 characters")
if 'a' in name:
print ("Your name has the vowel a")
else:
print ("Your name does not have the vowel a")
else:
print ("Your name has less than 6 characters")
if 'i' in name:
print ("Your name has the vowel i")
else:
print ("Your name does not have the vowel i")
Single Statement
If the body of an if statement consists of only a single line statement, it can be
written in the same line as the header statement.

Example

if num%3==0:print ("Number is divisible by 3")

A. Irungu

You might also like