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Hyperbolic Functions Course Guide

The Hyperbolic Functions Course Guide covers essential definitions, properties, identities, and applications of hyperbolic functions for A-Level/Further Maths. Key topics include sketches, derivatives, integration, and solving hyperbolic equations and their inverses. The guide also provides strategies for solving problems and examples to illustrate concepts.

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ahmedelhity106
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14 views5 pages

Hyperbolic Functions Course Guide

The Hyperbolic Functions Course Guide covers essential definitions, properties, identities, and applications of hyperbolic functions for A-Level/Further Maths. Key topics include sketches, derivatives, integration, and solving hyperbolic equations and their inverses. The guide also provides strategies for solving problems and examples to illustrate concepts.

Uploaded by

ahmedelhity106
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Hyperbolic Functions Course Guide (A-Level/Further Maths)

Hyperbolic Functions Course Guide (A-Level/Further Maths)

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1. Definitions of Hyperbolic Functions

Must Know:

* sinh x = (e^x - e^{-x}) / 2


* cosh x = (e^x + e^{-x}) / 2
* tanh x = sinh x / cosh x
* coth x = cosh x / sinh x
* sech x = 1 / cosh x, csch x = 1 / sinh x

*-

2. Sketches of Hyperbolic Functions

Key features:

Must Know:

* cosh x is even; sinh x is odd.


* cosh x 1, sinh x
* tanh x 1 as x
* cosh x has a minimum at x = 0 with value 1
* sinh x has origin symmetry and passes through (0,0)
* tanh x has horizontal asymptotes at y = 1

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3. Hyperbolic Identities (incl. Osborns Rule)

Must Know:

* coshx - sinhx = 1
* 1 - tanhx = sechx
* cothx - 1 = cschx
* Osborns Rule: Replace trig identities with hyperbolic versions, changing sinx to sinhx, etc., and
change the sign of any term with both sine and cosine (or sinh and cosh) multiplied.

*-

4. Inverse Hyperbolic Functions (Definitions and Proofs)

Must Know:

* sinhx = ln(x + (x + 1))


* coshx = ln(x + (x - 1)), x 1
* tanhx = ln((1 + x)/(1 - x)), |x| < 1

**Sketches**:
* Inverses reflect original curves in y = x

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5. Solving Hyperbolic Equations

Strategy:

* Use definitions or identities


* Substitute with exponential forms
* Use inverses when isolating sinh x, cosh x, etc.

Examples:
* Solve cosh x = 3:
x = cosh(3) = ln(3 + (9 - 1))

* Solve sinh x = 2:
(e^x - e^{-x}) / 2 = 2 e^{2x} - 4e^x - 1 = 0 x = ln(2 + 5)

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6. Derivatives (with Proofs)

Must Know:

* d/dx sinh x = cosh x


* d/dx cosh x = sinh x
* d/dx tanh x = sechx
* d/dx sech x = -sech x tanh x

Also Learn:

* d/dx coth x = -cschx


* d/dx csch x = -csch x coth x

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7. Derivatives of Inverse Hyperbolic Functions

Must Know:

* d/dx sinhx = 1 / (x + 1)
* d/dx coshx = 1 / (x - 1), x > 1
* d/dx tanhx = 1 / (1 - x), |x| < 1

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8. Integration of Hyperbolic Functions and Inverses (with Proofs)

Must Know:

* sinh x dx = cosh x + C
* cosh x dx = sinh x + C
* sechx dx = tanh x + C
* (1 / (x + 1)) dx = sinhx + C
* (1 / (x - 1)) dx = coshx + C

Also Learn:

* cschx dx = -coth x + C
* coth x dx = ln|sinh x| + C
* csch x dx = ln|tanh(x / 2)| + C

*-

9. Integration Using Trigonometric Substitution

**Tip:** Use when encountering (x + a), (x - a)

* Example: x = a sinh , then use identities to simplify

*-

10. Applications of Integration

Area under curves:

* from a to b of f(x) dx

Volume of revolution about x-axis:

* [a to b] (f(x)) dx
**Example**: Revolve sinh x from x = 0 to x = 1:
* V = (sinh x) dx

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11. Solving Equations Involving Inverses

Example:

* Solve sinh(2x + 1) = 0
* 2x + 1 = sinh(0) = 0 x = -

*-

End of Guide

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