U.S.N.
B.M.S. College of Engineering, Bengaluru-560019
Autonomous Institute Affiliated to VTU
April 2025 Semester End Make-Up Examinations
Programme: B.E. Semester: V
Branch: Computer Science and Engineering Duration: 3 hrs.
Course Code: 23CS5PCDEV Max Marks: 100
Course: Data Exploration and Visualization
Instructions: 1. Answer any FIVE full questions, choosing one full question from each unit.
2. Missing data, if any, may be suitably assumed.
Important Note: Completing your answers, compulsorily draw diagonal cross lines on the remaining blank
UNIT - I CO PO Marks
1 a) Discuss the generic steps involved in Exploratory data analysis CO1 PO 06
(EDA) process. 1
b) Imagine you are a data analyst working for an educational CO2 PO2 06
institute. You have been given a dataset containing information
about students' performance in various subjects. The dataset
includes the following columns:
pages. Revealing of identification, appeal to evaluator will be treated as malpractice.
Student ID, Name, Gender, Age, Grade: The grade level of the
student (e.g., 10th, 11th), Math Score, Science Score, English
Score, Participation in Extracurricular Activities: Indicates if the
student participates in extracurricular activities (e.g., Yes, No).,
Parent's Education Level.
Classify the types of data in the given dataset and identify their
measurement scales.
c) Demonstrate any four types of analysis that could be done for each CO2 PO2 08
of the following domains using EDA techniques. Justify your
answer.
i. Professional Sports
ii. Healthcare
OR
2 a) Define Exploratory data analysis. Point out the primary aim and CO1 PO1 06
explain the significance of the same.
b) Demonstrate any three types of analysis that could be done for CO2 PO2 06
Marketing domain using EDA techniques. Justify your answer.
c) You have been provided with a dataset from a health and fitness CO2 PO2 08
app that tracks users' activities, dietary habits, and other lifestyle
factors. The goal is to help the company understand different types
of data, including their measurement scales, to improve the design
of the app and offer personalized recommendations. The dataset
includes the following variables:
• User Demographics: Age, Gender, Height, Weight, City.
• Physical Activity Data: Daily Step Count, Hours of Sleep,
Calories Burned, Exercise Frequency.
• Dietary Data: Daily Water Intake, Daily Caloric Intake,
Food Categories.
• Health Metrics: Blood Pressure, Cholesterol Level, Blood
Sugar Level.
• User Feedback: Overall Health Rating, Exercise
Enjoyment Rating, Sleep Quality Rating
Classify the types of data in the given dataset and identify their
measurement scales.
UNIT - II
3 a) Discuss the process of data deduplication and the steps involved CO1 PO1 06
in the same with an example program.
b) Write a Python program to perform the append and concatenation CO1 PO1 06
(with axis=1) operations on the following dataframes. Show the
appropriate output.
data1 = { 'Name': ['Alice', 'Bob', 'Charlie'], 'Age': [25, 30, 35] }
data2 = { 'Name': ['David', 'Eva'], 'Age': [40, 45] }.
c) A retail company has been collecting data from its sales CO2 PO2 08
transactions, which includes the following information.
a. TansactionID: Unique identifier for each transaction.
b. CustomerID: Identifier for the customer who made the
purchase.
c. ProductID: Identifier for the product purchased.
d. Quantity: Quantity of the product purchased in the
transaction.
e. Price: Price per unit of the product.
f. TotalAmount: Total amount for the transaction (Quantity
* Price).
However, some of the records in the dataset are duplicates as
shown below due to system errors, such as customers placing
multiple orders for the same product, or the same transaction being
recorded more than once.
TransactionID CustomerID ProductID Quantity Price TotalAmount
0 1 101 1001 1 20 20
1 2 102 1002 2 15 30
2 3 101 1001 1 20 20
3 4 104 1003 5 30 150
4 5 103 1002 2 15 30
5 6 102 1002 3 15 45
6 7 101 1001 1 20 20
Write a Python program to do the following and show
subsequent output after each step.
a. Identify duplicate rows.
b. Removing Duplicates
c. Instead of simply removing the duplicates, replace
duplicate value by aggregating data such as summing
up the quantities and total amount and average the
prices for the duplicate records.
OR
4 a) Discuss the importance of random sampling of a dataset. CO1 PO1 06
Differentiate between random sampling with replacement and
without replacement.
b) A retail company has collected data on the ages of its customers CO2 PO2 06
to analyze purchasing behavior across different age groups. To
perform a more meaningful analysis, the company wants to
classify the customers into distinct age groups (bins) rather than
working with individual age values.
The dataset contains the following columns:
• CustomerID: Unique identifier for each customer.
• Age: Age of the customer.
• Spending Amount: Total amount spent by the customer in
the last month.
Write a Python program to categorize customers into predefined
age groups such as "18-25", "26-35", "36-45", etc. and find the
average of their spending behavior within each group.
c) A company collects data from two different sources: one CO2 PO2 08
containing information about its employees, and another
containing the details of the projects that each employee is
working on.
DataFrame- df_employees
EmployeeID Name Department
0 1 Alice HR
1 2 Bob Finance
2 3 Charlie IT
3 4 David Sales
4 5 Eva Marketing
DataFrame- df_projects
EmployeeID ProjectID ProjectName
0 1 101 Project A
1 2 102 Project B
2 4 103 Project C
3 5 104 Project D
4 6 105 Project E
These two data sources need to be merged to gain a complete
picture of each employee and their associated projects.
Analyse the types of joins that needs to performed to do the
following. Write necessary code along with suitable output.
1. If an employee doesn't have a corresponding project, they
will be excluded from the result.
2. A join that returns all rows from the df_employees and the
matching rows from the right df_projects. If there is no
match, the result will contain NaN for columns from the right
DataFrame.
3. A join that returns all rows from the df_projects and the
matching rows from df_employees. If there is no match, the
result will contain NaN for columns from the left DataFrame.
4. A join that returns all rows from both DataFrames, with
matching records from both sides when available. If there is
no match, NaN is filled in for the columns from the
DataFrame without a match.
UNIT - III
5 a) Explain the most common measures for analyzing the distribution CO1 PO1 06
frequency. Demonstrate the same with a Python program.
b) You are a data analyst working for a retail company that tracks CO2 PO2 06
sales data across different regions and products. You have a
dataset containing information about sales figures and profit
margins for various products in different regions.
Data set: 'Region': ['North', 'North', 'South', 'South', 'North',
'South'], 'Product': ['A', 'B', 'A', 'B', 'A', 'B'], 'Sales': [100, 150, 200,
120, 180, 90], 'Profit_Margin': [0.2, 0.3, 0.25, 0.15, 0.18, 0.12]
Write a program to calculate the total sales and maximum profit
margin for each product across all regions.
c) Write a Python program to do the following. CO2 PO2 08
i.Create a dataframe for the following data.
1. Date: The date of the transaction or record.
2. Category: The category of the product sold (e.g.,
Electronics, Clothing, Food).
3. Region: The region where the sale took place (e.g., North,
South, East, West).
4. Sales: The total sales amount for each transaction.
5. Units Sold: The number of units sold in the transaction
ii.Create a pivot table that shows the total Sales by Category and
Region.
iii.Create a cross-tabulation that shows the Units Sold by Category
and Region.
iv.Print the average sales per unit sold for each product category
across different regions.
v.Print the region that has the highest sales for the Electronics
category.
OR
6 a) Illustrate the various characteristics of the time series dataset with CO1 PO1 06
suitable example.
b) As a data analyst for a retail company that wants to understand the CO2 PO2 06
relationship between the amount spent by customers and the time
they spend on the company’s website. This information will aid in
optimizing the website experience and marketing strategies.
1. What type of analysis technique can be applied?
2. Write a panda’s code to explore the relationship between the
time spent on the website (in minutes) and the amount spent by
customers (in dollars) to derive insights for the retail company.
c) We have a dataset with information about employees in an CO2 PO2 08
organization. The dataset includes Employee ID, Department,
Training Hours (hours spent in training during the last quarter),
Job Performance Score (a composite score based on efficiency,
quality of work, and job satisfaction), and Job Satisfaction (on a
scale from 1 to 10).
Employee Department Training Job Job
ID Hours Performance Satisfaction
Scores
101 Sales 40 85 8
102 Marketing 50 90 9
103 HR 20 75 7
104 IT 60 92 9
a. Write a Python program to do the following.
i. Create a data frame for the data shown.
ii. Find the correlation between Training Hours and Job
Performance Score for each department.
iii. Find the overall correlation between Training Hours and
Job Performance Score across all departments.
b. Interpret the output for the given queries.
i. Find the correlation between Training Hours and Job
Performance Score for each department.
ii. Find the overall correlation between Training Hours and
Job Performance Score across all departments.
UNIT - IV
7 a) Illustrate the linear scale and logarithmic scale with respect to axes CO1 PO1 06
representation. Explain how the following data points could be
represented using both the scales.
1,3.16,10,31.6,100
b) Consider the following monthly sales dataset for 4 regions (North, CO2 PO2 06
South, East, West) across 6 months (January to June). The dataset
contains the total sales in dollars for each region each month.
Identify the various plots and charts that are could be used to
visualize the given data under following circumstances. Justify
your answer.
i. To compare the total sales in each region across the
months.
ii. To show individual data points for each month's sales
across regions.
iii. To visualize the sales performance across regions and
months in a more holistic way, where colour intensity
represents sales volume.
c) Explore the various plots and charts used to visualize associations CO2 PO2 08
among two or more quantitative variables. Analyze the
visualization strategies that could be adopted to address the
following relationships.
i. Relationship of two variables.
ii. Same types of variables with two different types of
scales, position and size.
iii. More than three to four quantitative variables.
OR
8 a) List the limitations of Histogram and Density Plot. Explain how 06
these limitations are handled using Empirical Cumulative 1 1
Distribution Functions with an example.
b) Consider a business scenario where a company wants to analyze CO2 PO2 06
the revenue composition across different product categories.
Propose a specific visualization method that breaks down revenue
proportions, highlighting the parts of the total. Justify your choice
and explain how this visualization could guide decision-making
within the company.
c) Describe how confidence intervals are used to convey uncertainty 08
in curve fits. What information do confidence intervals provide, 1 1
and how can they be visually integrated into a curve fit
visualization?
UNIT - V
9 a) Write a Python program to sort an array of words from longest to 06
1 1
shortest length.
b) Consider the following data set. CO2 PO2 06
data = {
'Name': ['Alice', 'Bob', 'Charlie', 'David', 'Eve'],
'Age': [24, 27, 22, 32, 29],
'City': ['New York', 'Los Angeles', 'Chicago', 'Houston'],
'Score': [85, 90, 78, 88, 92] }
Write python code by creating a dataframe of the above dataset to
do the following.
i. Access the first name
ii. Select Name and City from first three rows.
iii. Print rows where age>25
c) Write a Python program that demonstrates how to create an CO2 PO2 08
Employee database with ID, Name, Age, Department as attributes
using SQLite, insert data into it and then transfer the data into a
Pandas dataframe.
OR
10 a) Write a Python program demonstrating how to reshape the data CO1 PO1 06
using melt() and pivot() methods. Illustrate the purpose of the
same.
b) Write a Python program demonstrating the use of Web APIs and CO2 PO2 06
processing the retrieved data using pandas.
c) Write a Python program to create a Student dataframe with ID, CO2 PO2 08
Name, Age, Grade and Score. Find the missing values if any and
fill the same using mean, mode and median for whichever data
applicable. Justify your choice of filling the missing values.
******
