Department of ME, KITSW
U18ME XXX - MACHINE TOOLS AND METAL CUTTING
CDTXX - LECTURE SUMMARY
CDTXX
Topics Covered
Fundamentals and Classification of Machine Tools, their importance, and applications in modern
manufacturing.
Motivation
Machine tools are the backbone of manufacturing industries. Understanding their classification helps
in selecting the appropriate machine for various operations, ensuring productivity,
cost-effectiveness, and quality. This knowledge is vital for engineers working in production, design,
and maintenance sectors.
Lecture Learning Outcomes (LLOs):
After completion of this lecture, you should be able to...
LLO1 - On topic 1: Identify the different types of machine tools based on their operating principles.
LLO2 - On topic 2: Discuss the major classifications and subcategories of machine tools.
LLO3 - On topic 3: Explain the criteria for selecting machine tools in manufacturing.
LLO4 - On topic 4: List the practical applications of different types of machine tools.
Lecture Summary - Key Takeaways
Classification of Machine Tools
Machine tools are broadly classified based on the type of operation they perform and their working
principle:
1. Based on Primary Function:
- Turning Machines (e.g. lathe)
- Milling Machines
- Drilling Machines
- Grinding Machines
- Shaping, Planing, Slotting Machines
- Boring Machines
- Sawing Machines
2. Based on Level of Automation:
- Conventional Machine Tools
- Semi-automatic Machine Tools
- Automatic Machine Tools
- CNC (Computer Numerical Control) Machines
- DNC (Direct Numerical Control) Machines
3. Based on Production Type:
- Single-purpose Machines
- Multi-purpose Machines
- Special-purpose Machines
4. Based on Control System:
- Manual Operated
- Mechanically Automated
- Numerically Controlled
5. Other Classification Criteria:
- Portability: Portable vs. Stationary
- Axis Configuration: 2-axis, 3-axis, 5-axis, etc.
- Energy Source: Hydraulic, Pneumatic, Electric
Advantages of Classifying Machine Tools
- Simplifies machine selection for specific operations
- Facilitates systematic study and training
- Enhances productivity by matching tools with tasks
- Aids in design and layout planning in manufacturing systems
Limitations
- Some machines overlap in classification
- Continuous technological advances blur distinctions
- Special-purpose machines may not fit neatly into categories
Applications
- Lathe Machines: Used in automotive shaft and pin manufacturing.
- Milling Machines: Essential in mold and die industries.
- Grinding Machines: Surface finishing in aerospace and defense sectors.
- CNC Machines: Used across industries for precision machining.
- Drilling Machines: Used in construction, metalworking, and electronics.
Lecture Level Practice Problems (LLPs)
To test whether you achieved the learning outcomes of this lecture, you should be able to solve the
following LLPs:
- LLP1 (on LLO1): Name any five types of machine tools based on primary function.
- LLP2 (on LLO2): Classify machine tools based on automation level.
- LLP3 (on LLO3): What factors affect the selection of machine tools in a production plant?
- LLP4 (on LLO4): Match each machine tool type with its application in real-world manufacturing.
Prepared by: Dr. U. Shrinivas Balraj, Professor, Dept of ME, KITSW
