Analyzing Discrete Probability Distributions:
Expected Value, Missing Probabilities, and Standard Deviation
University Of The People
MATH 1280-01 - Introduction To Statistics
Sonal Patel - Instructor
Wednesday, 11 December 2024
1
Question 1. Complete the missing probability.
The sum of all probabilities must be 1. To find the missing probability add
up all the available sums and minus the total from 1.
0.12 + 0.18 + 0.30 + 0.15 + 0.10 + 0.05 = 0.90
1 - 0.90 - 0.10
(x=4) is 0.10
P
(Grant, 2022)
Question 2. What is the expected value from the table?
E(x) = (0⋅0.12) → 0
+ (1⋅0.18) 0.18
+
+ (2⋅0.30) + 0.60
+ (3⋅0.15) + 0.45
+ (4⋅0.10) + 0.40
+ (5⋅0.10) + 0.50
+ (6⋅0.05) + 0.30
= 2.43
xpected Value = 2.43
E
(Grant, 2022)
Question 3. Find the standard deviation.
x P(x) x · P(x) (x - μ)^2 · P(x)
0 0.12 0 ⋅ 0.12 = 0 (0 - 2.43)^2 · 0.12 → 5.9049 ⋅ 0.12 = 0.7086
1 0.18 1 ⋅ 0.18 = 0.18 (1 - 2.43)^2 · 0.18 → 2.0449 ⋅ 0.18 = 0.3681
2 0.30 2 ⋅ 0.30 = 0.60 (2 - 2.43)^2 · 0.30 → 0.1849 ⋅ 0.30 = 0.0555
3 0.15 3 ⋅ 0.15 = 0.45 (3 - 2.43)^2 · 0.15 → 0.3249 ⋅ 0.15 = 0.0487
4 0.10 4 ⋅ 0.10 = 0.40 (4 - 2.43)^2 · 0.10 → 2.4649 ⋅ 0.10 = 0.2465
5 0.10 5 ⋅ 0.10 = 0.50 (5 - 2.43)^2 · 0.10 → 6.6049 ⋅ 0.10 = 0.6605
6 0.05 6 ⋅ 0.05 = 0.30 (6 - 2.43)^2 · 0.05 → 12.7449 ⋅ 0.05 = 0.6372
2
0.7086 + 0.3681 + 0.0555 + 0.0487 + 0.2465 + 0.6605 + 0.6372 = 2.7249
_ ______
= √2.7249 =1.65
σ
he standard deviation is 1.65
T
(Illowsky, 2022, part 4.2) & (Grant, 2022)
References
Grant, C. M. (2022, January 23). 4.1 Probability distribution function PDF for a discrete random
variable [Video]. YouTube.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V4mPXlKCems
Grant, C. M. (2022, January 24). 4.2 Mean or expected value and standard deviation [Video].
YouTube.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s3J0Hey4DzA
Illowsky, B., Dean, S., Birmajer, D., Blount, B., Boyd, S., Einsohn, M., Helmreich, K., Kenyon,
L., Lee, S., & Taub, J. (2022). Introductory statistics. OpenStax.
https://openstax.org/details/books/introductory-statistics