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Sustainable Operations Management Through the

Perspective of Manufacturing & Service Operations
Management
Atalay Atasu, Charles J. Corbett, Ximin (Natalie) Huang, L. Beril Toktay

To cite this article:

Atalay Atasu, Charles J. Corbett, Ximin (Natalie) Huang, L. Beril Toktay (2020) Sustainable Operations Management
Through the Perspective of Manufacturing & Service Operations Management. Manufacturing & Service Operations
Management 22(1):146-157. https://doi.org/10.1287/msom.2019.0804

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Vol. 22, No. 1, January–February 2020, pp. 146–157
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20th Anniversary Invited Article

Sustainable Operations Management Through the Perspective of

Manufacturing & Service Operations Management
Atalay Atasu,a Charles J. Corbett,b,c Ximin (Natalie) Huang,d L. Beril Toktaya,e
a
Scheller College of Business, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30308; b UCLA Anderson School of Management, University
of California, Los Angeles, California 90095; c UCLA Institute of the Environment and Sustainability, University of California, Los Angeles,
California 90095; d Carlson School of Management, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455; e Ray C. Anderson Center for
Sustainable Business, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30308
Contact: [email protected], https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1572-8937 (AA); [email protected],
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1814-3977 (CJC); [email protected], https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6769-8891 (XNH);
[email protected], https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7446-8253 (LBT)

Received: March 24, 2019 Abstract. We review the sustainable operations management research published in the first
Revised: April 12, 2019 20 years of Manufacturing & Service Operations Management (M&SOM), and we outline our
Accepted: April 15, 2019 hopes for the next 20 years. This review provides a “big picture” overview of trends in the
Published Online in Articles in Advance: sustainable operations management research in M&SOM, along with an impact assessment
December 17, 2019 both inside and outside the boundaries of operations management research. We provide a brief
https://doi.org/10.1287/msom.2019.0804 chronological survey of sustainable operations management publications in M&SOM, as well
as a high-level citation analysis. Together, these analyses indicate that the topics studied in the
Copyright: © 2019 INFORMS sustainable operations management publications in M&SOM have largely followed some
issues of business relevance and have made a substantial scholarly impact both inside and
outside our field. We also propose a number of open research directions.

History: This paper has been accepted for the Manufacturing & Service Operations Management 20th
Anniversary Special Issue.

Keywords: sustainability • environment • public policy • operations management

1. Introduction citing them are all rather subjective. Nevertheless, this

This paper is one of about 20 commissioned by the approach serves as a means to a subjective trend and
editor-in-chief of Manufacturing & Service Operations impact assessment, and we hope that they will pro-
Management (M&SOM) in connection with the 20th vide guidance for even more impactful research in the
anniversary of the journal. The objective of this paper near future. Because this paper was commissioned as
is to review sustainable operations management re- part of the 20th Anniversary Special Issue of M&SOM,
search published in M&SOM to date, identify trends, it is narrowly focused on sustainable OM research
highlight the contributions of this research, and dis- as seen through the perspective of this journal. The field
cuss how the MSOM community can further contrib- of sustainable OM is, of course, much broader and
ute to more sustainable business. To this end, we first older than this journal. For good overviews of sus-
identify 52 papers that have been published in M&SOM tainable OM, see, for instance, Angell and Klassen
between 2003 and 2018 within the scope of sustain- (1999), Kleindorfer et al. (2005), and Corbett and
able (i.e., environmentally and socially responsible) Klassen (2006). For overviews of sustainable supply
operations management research. We then categorize chain management more specifically, see, for in-
these papers with respect to research topics and an- stance, Seuring and Müller (2008), Atasu (2016), and
alyze the chronological evolution of these topics. We Bouchery et al. (2017).
conduct a citation analysis to determine where these
distinct streams had the most influence—that is, how 2. What Has Been Published in M&SOM on
frequently these papers are cited in operations man- Sustainable OM?
agement (OM) journals versus in journals in other The objective of this section is to analyze the contri-
disciplines. This citation analysis helps us identify butions of the M&SOM journal to sustainable oper-
opportunities for sustainable operations management ations management research. To this end, we first
research to have a broader impact. survey all publications that appeared in M&SOM
The selection of these 52 papers, their categoriza- between 1998 and 2018, and we identify 52 papers
tion by topic, and the classification of the domains that we consider related to sustainable operations

146
 Atasu et al.: Sustainable Operations Management Through the Perspective of M&SOM
Manufacturing & Service Operations Management, 2020, vol. 22, no. 1, pp. 146–157, © 2019 INFORMS 147

management research. Through a purely subjective investment and marketing decisions between renew-
assessment,1 we cluster these papers into five major able and traditional energy sources should be co-
streams (Table A.1): closed-loop supply chains (CLSC), ordinated (Wu and Kapuscinski 2013, Hu et al. 2015,
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low-carbon economy (LCE), environmental management Aflaki and Netessine 2017, Al-Gwaiz et al. 2016).
and performance (EMP), innovation (INN), and social Under the broad umbrella of environmental man-
responsibility (SR). We summarize the major issues agement and performance studies published in
covered in each of these streams. We then provide M&SOM, we find studies that address environmental-
a visualization of the trajectory of this research in resource allocation (Dawande et al. 2013), pollution
terms of the volume and evolution of each stream. We control (Drake and Spinler 2013), environmental
recognize that several papers could be classified into management practices (Corbett and Klassen 2006,
multiple streams, but our ultimate goal is to draw Muthulingam et al. 2013) and standards (e.g., Inter-
broader conclusions about the overall body of research national Organization for Standardization [ISO] 14000
rather than develop detailed prescriptions related to as in Corbett 2006), information-related instruments
specific streams. (e.g., eco-labels as in Murali et al. 2019 and infor-
Research on closed-loop supply chains began in the mation dissemination about hazardous chemicals
1990s; see the early reviews and books by Fleischmann as in Fu et al. 2019), supply chain activities (e.g., in-
et al. (1997) and Guide and Van Wassenhove (2001, spections as in Lo et al. 2018), and market valuation of
2003). This CLSC research lays the theoretical foun- environmental efforts (e.g., stock market reactions as
dation for much of the recent discussion on the circular in Mani and Muthulingam 2019).
economy (Agrawal et al. 2019). The scope of CLSC Under the innovation category, papers published in
research published in M&SOM consists of a number M&SOM examine four different subjects. The first is
of broad themes. The first is management of consumer process improvement—for example, process alterations
returns—for example, how consumer return decisions to turn waste into useful by-products (Lee 2012). Next
can be affected by sales effort (Ferguson et al. 2006) or is the development and adoption of advanced technolo-
return processes (Shulman et al. 2009). The second gies such as cleantech (Plambeck 2013) and electric
theme is remanufacturing—for example, determining vehicles (Lim et al. 2015). The third subject is creative
the optimal strategy for marketing remanufactured designs of products or services—for example, providing
products (Guide et al. 2003, Ray et al. 2005), discov- a cheaper and healthier source of lighting (Uppari
ering the factors that influence the profitability of et al. 2019), planning for a waste-to-energy firm (Ata
remanufacturing (Subramanian and Subramanyam et al. 2012), and using modularity in product designs
2012, Zhang and Zhang 2018), and methods for co- (Agrawal and Ülkü 2012). Finally, the fourth subject
ordinating remanufacturing with other operational is sustainable business model innovation (Girotra and
activities, such as the sale of new products, the ful- Netessine 2013), such as crowdsourcing in logistics
fillment of warranty needs, and safe waste disposal service offerings (Qi et al. 2018), as well as servicizing
(Zhou et al. 2011, Pinçe et al. 2016, Calmon and Graves and sharing economy models (Bellos et al. 2017,
2017). The third and last theme is recycling—for ex- Agrawal et al. 2019, Örsdemir et al. 2019).
ample, methods for recycling systems for improved Finally, research related to social responsibility
operational and environmental efficiency (Demeester published in M&SOM touches upon a wide range of
et al. 2004, Demeester et al. 2013). topics. One example is responsible sourcing—for ex-
The low-carbon economy research published in ample, supplier selection (Liu et al. 2019), incentive
M&SOM studies energy, emissions, and climate change. mechanisms adopted by buyers (Plambeck and Taylor
This domain covers three topics. The first is the study 2016, Caro et al. 2018), and how social responsibility
of the effects and design of carbon emission regulation, practices impact consumer valuations (Kraft et al.
including ways in which regulatory and information- 2018). These topics also include agricultural operations
based instruments (e.g., carbon tax, carbon cap-and- (de Zegher et al. 2019, Liao et al. 2019), serving un-
trade systems, carbon footprint reporting, and ac- derserved populations (Chu et al. 2018, Yu et al. 2018),
counting mechanisms) influence producers’ production and enhancing the effectiveness of nongovernmental
decisions and carbon-reduction efforts (Caro et al. 2013, organizations and nonprofit organizations (Privett and
Jira and Toffel 2013, Sunar and Plambeck 2016) or Erhun 2011, Kraft et al. 2013).
firms’ overall market performance (Kroes et al. 2012). Having outlined these five broad categories, we
The second topic is the adoption of energy-efficient or can now examine how they have evolved. The total
clean production technologies—for example, how adop- publication counts in Figure 1 show that M&SOM has
tion can be incentivized by regulation (Plambeck and published, on average, about three sustainable op-
Taylor 2013, Drake 2018) or impacted by market forces erations management papers per year, with a clear
(Wang et al. 2013). The third topic is the analysis and increasing trend: the majority of these publica-
of renewable energy strategies—for example, how the tions appeared in the last six years, boosted in part
 Atasu et al.: Sustainable Operations Management Through the Perspective of M&SOM
148 Manufacturing & Service Operations Management, 2020, vol. 22, no. 1, pp. 146–157, © 2019 INFORMS

Figure 1. (Color online) Manufacturing & Service Operations Management Sustainable Operations Publications by Paper Type
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Notes. OM forum papers are counted separately regardless of the type of issue they appear in. The data labels on each bar tabulate the number of
sustainable operations publications as a percentage of all papers in M&SOM in that year. All Articles in Advance that are not yet in print are
counted as 2019+ papers.

by two special issues (Plambeck and Toktay 2013, includes a separate contribution on social responsibility
Lee 2019). (Plambeck and Ramdas 2019) suggests that work on
In their review article, Corbett and Klassen (2006, social issues in OM is also becoming a mainstream
p. 19) offer several conjectures, including (conjecture 2) research area.
that “[e]nvironmental management in operations will Figure 2 shows the breakdown of the same set of
have become an established and accepted part papers by the research streams defined in Table A.1.
of mainstream OM by 2015.” Looking through the CLSC research constitutes the majority of the early
lens of publications in M&SOM, it is debatable sustainable operations management publications in
whether that conjecture held in 2015, but in 2018, it M&SOM, and it has been a consistent presence. Work
seems indisputable that sustainable OM reached that on EMP came soon after, followed by LCE, INN, and
threshold, because it accounts for 17% of all papers SR research, respectively. The CLSC stream’s lead can
published in M&SOM in that year. The Corbett and likely be attributed to the original workshop series
Klassen (2006, p. 19) review focused on environ- initiated by the RevLog and CLSC working groups
mental issues, but it also included the comment that from Rotterdam School of Management at Erasmus
“[a]ll three conjectures made here could also apply University that started in 1998 and from INSEAD in
to social issues or sustainability. The current state of 2001, as well as the two influential books these net-
research in OM with a social perspective is too lim- works have produced (Guide and Van Wassenhove
ited to support that, but we hope that will change 2003, Dekker et al. 2004). We also conjecture that other
soon.” The fact that this 20th Anniversary Special Issue influences include the European perspectives, driven

Figure 2. (Color online) Manufacturing & Service Operations Management Sustainable Operations Publication Counts in the
Closed-Loop Supply Chain (CLSC), Low-Carbon Economy (LCE), Environmental Management and Performance (EMP),
Innovation (INN), and Social Responsibility (SR) Categories
 Atasu et al.: Sustainable Operations Management Through the Perspective of M&SOM
Manufacturing & Service Operations Management, 2020, vol. 22, no. 1, pp. 146–157, © 2019 INFORMS 149

by German and Dutch recycling laws and Robert of sustainability, it is also closest to the historical focus of
Lund’s influential work (Lund 1996) on remanu- many scholars in the MSOM community. The more
facturing in the United States. CLSC was not neces- recent focus on LCE, EMP, INN, and SR suggests that
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sarily the earliest focus of research in sustainable OM sustainable OM research in M&SOM seeks to address
more broadly, but it appears to have been the first area a wider range of societal challenges.
in which the questions and methods used were suf-
ficiently familiar to the MSOM community to gain 3. What Is the Impact of Sustainable
acceptance in its journal.
Operations Research Published
Research in sustainable OM already included sub-
stantial activity in EMP during the 1990s, as witnessed in M&SOM?
by the three special issues published in Production and In the previous section, we outlined five main streams
Operations Management in 2001 (Corbett and Kleindorfer of research within the set of sustainable OM papers
2001a, b) and 2003 (Corbett and Kleindorfer 2003). published in M&SOM. In this section, we analyze
Much (but not all) of that work was based on empirical where the impact of these publication streams has
methods that were, at that time, not as commonly used been observed. To do so, we perform a citation analy-
in M&SOM. The increased presence of this stream of sis using the Web of Science Database.2 Specifically,
work in M&SOM is likely due to both an increasing the Web of Science Database assigns academic jour-
sophistication of the methods used in this research nals into field clusters, and it provides a distribution
and an increasing appreciation within the MSOM of citations according to these field clusters. For ex-
community of these methods, in addition to an in- ample, Figure 3 shows how the citations to Guide et al.
creased recognition of the importance of the questions (2003) are distributed across clusters. We conduct this
being studied. This stream largely follows the regu- analysis on the 52 articles we identified, and we find
lations or standards arising and diffusing around the that these 52 articles are cited in 69 distinct fields.
world such as energy-efficiency standards, eco-labels, We subjectively categorize these Web of Science
ISO 14000, and the Waste Electrical and Electronic Database fields into five aggregate areas: OM/OR,
Equipment, End-of-Life Vehicles, and Registration, business-non-OM/OR (excluding operations manage-
Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chem- ment journal publications), economics, environmental
icals directives of the European Commission. research, and science and engineering3 (Table A.2). The
Not surprisingly, the interest in research on LCE 11 fields that do not fit in any of these aggregate areas
in M&SOM reflects the growing awareness of the are listed in the “Other” category and are not con-
challenges of global climate change and its business sidered in the analysis below. We find that these
implications. The M&SOM Special Issue on the Envi- 52 papers were cited 2,789 times (data collected on
ronment (Plambeck and Toktay 2013) contains several January 15, 2019; full citation data are available from
papers on this topic, and at least one paper in this the authors). Five papers had more than 200 citations
area has been published every year since 2015. The each, representing 57% of the total.
importance of innovation, both in business models Figures 4, 5, and 6 show the citations to M&SOM
(e.g., the sharing economy) and in products (e.g., sustainable operations management publications.
cleantech) is widely recognized as an important ve- They yield a few key observations. First, Figure 4
hicle for a sustainable future, as evidenced by the shows, not surprisingly, that the CLSC stream has
amount of investment and entrepreneurial activity in the highest number of citations, which can be attributed
these areas. The M&SOM research on innovation to its earlier presence and the size of the community
follows these trends and is balanced in its coverage working on this topic in both the United States and
of business model and product innovation. Intrigu- Europe. The EMP stream has the second highest
ingly, although scholarly interest in the social respon- count, which is consistent with our earlier note that
sibility of business began decades, if not centuries, the EMP stream was already well established in the
ago, published research in M&SOM appears to be field, with authors publishing work in other OM
concentrated in the last three years. This foreshadows journals. The subdomains that emerged later (LCE,
an increasing interest in social sustainability. This INN, and SR) have relatively lower citation counts,
is aligned with the growing recognition in busi- as expected given their relative recency. What is
ness practice that sustainability is not just about perhaps most interesting (Figure 5) is the substantial
the environment; it also encompasses social-impact number of citations to sustainable operations man-
considerations. agement research by other areas (with the exception
It is encouraging to see the growth over time in sus- of economics). In fact, the citations received from
tainable operations management research appearing economics, environmental research, and science and
in M&SOM. It is also encouraging to see the broad- engineering journals constitute about 45% of total
ening of its focus. Although CLSC is a critical component citations. This is a pleasant surprise for the sustainable
 Atasu et al.: Sustainable Operations Management Through the Perspective of M&SOM
150 Manufacturing & Service Operations Management, 2020, vol. 22, no. 1, pp. 146–157, © 2019 INFORMS

Figure 3. (Color online) Citation Analysis of Guide et al. (2003) Using the Web of Science Database, with Numbers of Citations
Counted According to Research Field Clusters
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OM research community, because these high citation The largest proportion of citations received from
numbers highlight the interdisciplinary visibility of economics journals appeared in the innovation cate-
sustainable OM research published in M&SOM. gory (though still a small percentage). Citations to the
Figure 6 investigates the citation profile of the five low-carbon economy research published in M&SOM
sustainable OM research streams and suggests that mainly came from OM/OR outlets, non-OM business,
different sustainable OM research streams have de- and environmental research outlets. Finally, citations
veloped slightly different audiences. CLSC work has to the social responsibility category mainly came
been most cited by OM/OR and science/engineering from non-OM business research as well as OM/OR
publications, whereas the environmental management outlets. Overall, the exact distinctions are not what
and performance and innovation research streams re- matters, but these observations suggest that the
ceived their largest citation counts from non-OM sustainable OM research published in M&SOM has
business and from environmental research journals. received substantial interest from other disciplines in

Figure 4. (Color online) Manufacturing & Service Operations Management Sustainable Operations Citation Counts in the Closed-
Loop Supply Chain (CLSC), Low-Carbon Economy (LCE), Environmental Management and Performance (EMP), Innovation
(INN), and Social Responsibility (SR) Categories
 Atasu et al.: Sustainable Operations Management Through the Perspective of M&SOM
Manufacturing & Service Operations Management, 2020, vol. 22, no. 1, pp. 146–157, © 2019 INFORMS 151

Figure 5. (Color online) Manufacturing & Service Operations Management Sustainable Operations Citation Counts by Citing
Field
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science, engineering, and environmental research. what will have happened in sustainable operations
However, we should add the caveat that the majority by the 40-year anniversary of the journal.
of these citations are due to a small set of four early
publications on CLSC and one early review paper The Low-Carbon Economy Stream Will Have
in EMP. Significantly Expanded and Overlapped with the
Innovation Stream
4. Sustainable Operations Research in Climate change is a daunting global challenge that
M&SOM at the 40-Year Mark demands the engagement of the business community
The evolution of sustainable OM research and its in both adaptation and mitigation. Adaptation for
citation profile suggest a healthy growth in the field. companies involves adjusting how they manage their
It is a good sign that sustainable OM publications supply chains, site their facilities, adjust their mix of
in M&SOM receive substantial visibility from other products and services, and measure and report on
disciplines. It is our hope and expectation that this their impacts in light of physical risks and regulatory
growth and impact profile will only strengthen in the changes related to climate change. Mitigation engages
near future. Looking ahead another 20 years, we share the innovation pathway and involves developing
some thoughts—part forecast and part wish list—of new products, technologies, and services that support

Figure 6. (Color online) Manufacturing & Service Operations Management Sustainable OM Citation Percentages in the Closed-
Loop Supply Chain (CLSC), Low-Carbon Economy (LCE), Environmental Management and Performance (EMP), Innovation
(INN), and Social Responsibility (SR) Categories

Notes. Each bar indicates citations to papers in that category that originate from journals in the area in question as a percentage of total citations
to papers in that category. For instance, 12% of all citations to CLSC papers in M&SOM come from papers in the “environmental research” area.
 Atasu et al.: Sustainable Operations Management Through the Perspective of M&SOM
152 Manufacturing & Service Operations Management, 2020, vol. 22, no. 1, pp. 146–157, © 2019 INFORMS

the transition to a low-carbon economy. M&SOM rapid urbanization, two of the most salient issues af-
has already published research on the business im- fecting underserved urban and rural communities.
plications of carbon reporting and regulation (Kroes
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Emerging Technologies Will Open New

et al. 2012, Caro et al. 2013, Jira and Toffel 2013, Sunar
Research Areas
and Plambeck 2016, Drake 2018), the operations of Many exciting technological developments, often as-
renewable energy sources (Wu and Kapuscinski 2013, sociated with the “digital revolution,” promise to
Hu et al. 2015, Aflaki and Netessine 2017, Al-Gwaiz transform the ways in which businesses source and
et al. 2016), and new products/technologies such as manufacture and transform the ways in which people
electric vehicles and waste-to-energy plants (Ata et al. live, transact, and work, including—but not limited
2012, Lee 2012, Lim et al. 2015). However, there are to—blockchains, additive manufacturing, the Inter-
still many open questions in these areas that we hope net of things, autonomy, and artificial intelligence. Each
to see addressed in more depth and with a practical of these areas has profound implications for environ-
impact over the next two decades. We also hope to see mental—and especially social—dimensions of sus-
more intersectionality between the innovation and tainability. If it unfolds optimally, the digital revolution
product-development research community and the can be a force for equitable, sustainable development; if
sustainable operations research community. not, it can exacerbate inequities at both local and global
scales (e.g., reinforce the digital divide or hardcode bias
The Social Responsibility Stream Will Have into algorithms). Investigating service design, opera-
Significantly Expanded tions strategy, and supply chain management ques-
Climate change has disproportionate implications tions that relate to the sustainable deployment of these
for the most vulnerable populations through such technologies is a rich area for research. Supply chain
pathways as food insecurity, health impacts, and traceability, large-scale sensor-based measurements, and
population displacement. Even more basically, access other data availability will also allow OM researchers
to clean, reliable energy is not guaranteed for large to ask novel research questions about social impact,
segments of the population in some emerging econ- such as the human-trafficking implications of supply
omies. More generally, in such areas as agriculture or chain practices (Bastani and de Zegher 2019).
fishing, the “far end” of the supply chain includes a The “smart-city” concept is a technology-driven,
large number of small-scale contributors living in data-rich area of research that has attracted scholarly
poverty and using subsistence practices that collec- activity in fields ranging from engineering to com-
tively impose harm on the environment. With a few puting to urban planning. The smart-city concept
exceptions, sustainable operations management re- involves collecting data from a wide range of sensors,
search in M&SOM has not considered the intertwined so that cities can utilize their assets and resources
nature of environmental and social sustainability, nor more efficiently. Emerging OM research in this area
studied business strategies that seek to be inclusive of focuses mainly on variations of traditional themes,
underserved populations; rather, the attention has been such as congestion management or retail service op-
more narrowly focused on strategies such as visibility timization. Thinking more broadly, however, smart-city
and auditing to improve labor and other related chal- technologies can engage citizens in data collection and
lenges in supply chains (Plambeck and Taylor 2016, participatory decision making, and these technologies
Caro et al. 2018, Liu et al. 2019). can be deployed to create not only smart cities, but also
Motivated by the environmental-justice literature more livable and more sustainable communities. This
(which focuses on the equitable treatment of under- research holds the potential for interdisciplinary work
served populations) and the emerging concept of with nonbusiness faculty. It could also engage other
“just sustainability,” Kalkanci et al. (2019) elaborate business disciplines or subdisciplines within OM.
on the concept of “inclusive innovation” and develop For example, although a few studies touch upon be-
propositions about how inclusive innovation can be havioral issues in the context of socially responsible
practiced in product/service innovation, process/ business, sustainable operations research could ben-
business model innovation, and supply chain inno- efit from a deeper understanding of consumer, em-
vation to improve social sustainability. de Zegher ployee, or managerial behavior to better identify
et al. (2019), Liao et al. (2019), and Uppari et al. operational mechanisms that improve social and en-
(2019) are recent M&SOM publications in this vein. vironmental responsibility.
They explicitly focus on supply chain and product in-
novations that benefit underserved populations. We Interdisciplinary Research Will Have Become
hope this is only the start of a much deeper exami- More Prominent
nation of these issues in global supply chains, with an Corbett and Klassen (2006, p. 19) conjectured that
emphasis on the social impacts of climate change and “environmental issues will force more interdisciplinary
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Manufacturing & Service Operations Management, 2020, vol. 22, no. 1, pp. 146–157, © 2019 INFORMS 153

research in OM. As a result, a significantly higher pro- environmental science, economics, toxicology, law,
portion of research papers focusing on OM and envi- policy, or sociology. Each of these disciplines has its own
ronmental issues will be coauthored with scholars language and measurement framework. We believe
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in other disciplines, including economics, political that adopting the same approach to measurement as
science, and engineering.” Approximately 10% of the these other fields is a necessary condition for research
M&SOM sustainable operations papers we reviewed in sustainable OM to gain more traction in these target
already include a non-OM academic coauthor from disciplines. There are certainly some publications and
marketing, behavioral decision making, or engineering; scholars in the OM community that do this, but it is
one included a practicing biochemist. The extent to not a widespread practice.
which sustainable OM research published in M&SOM This ongoing challenge is illustrated by the out-
(and other journals) is already recognized by scholars come of a proposed special issue in Production and
in other disciplines forms a strong foundation for Operations Management in 2009. The subject of this
interdisciplinary research and reciprocal learning, issue was “Measuring the Impact of Sustainable
and there are a wealth of other opportunities in the Operations” (with a call for papers issued in 2009),
emerging areas discussed above, as well as others not which attracted markedly fewer submissions than
covered here. hoped for, indicating that the special issue may have
Blass and Corbett (2018) point to a variety of ways been ahead of its time. Of course, this is a two-way street:
in which the life-cycle assessment field could benefit A special issue of the Journal of Industrial Ecology that
from a stronger OM perspective, and vice versa. sought a comparable connection from the industrial
Similarly, Atasu (2019) discusses how a sustainable ecology side also received fewer submissions than
OM perspective can support industrial ecology re- hoped for, and the guest editors speculated that this
search by identifying different approaches to con- lack of interest was partly due to a lack of attention
ceptualize the economics of regulated recycling systems. to business issues in the field of industrial ecology
The recent Nature article by Turcheniuk et al. (2018) on in general, as well as a lack of attention to industrial
the limited supply of rare metals used in electric vehicles ecology in the business literature (Hoffman et al. 2014;
is an example of collaboration between scholars in see Blass and Corbett (2018) and Atasu (2019) for
OM and materials science. Ongoing work on inte- related discussions). Our community can perhaps be
grating more structured decision-making methods into proactive about overcoming these barriers by devel-
chemical-alternatives analysis (Malloy et al. 2016) oping widely accepted impact-measurement metrics,
combines OM with law, public health, chemistry, organizing special issues and awards that promote
environmental engineering, and more. However, our cross-fertilization with other disciplines, and commis-
impression is that this integration has not yet become sioning interdisciplinary perspective pieces.
widespread in sustainable OM. For example, this is
quite different from healthcare operations, in which 5. Closing Thoughts
coauthorship with physicians, scholars in medicine, and This article was commissioned as part of a special
scholars in public health seems more common. The issue to commemorate the 20th anniversary of M&SOM;
recent emphasis in M&SOM on practice-based re- hence, our viewpoint was centered on M&SOM. Of
search could be a good vehicle to advance academic course, M&SOM is not the only journal that captures
and nonacademic collaborations in other disciplines. contributions in sustainable operations. Much excellent
work on sustainable operations has appeared in other
Our Impact in Other Fields Will Have Grown journals as well, and some of this work dates back to
Even though the citation analysis in Section 3 dem- before the existence of M&SOM, so our observations
onstrates that work on sustainable OM published in drawing on the analysis of publications and citations
M&SOM has an impact in other fields, we believe in this journal do not fully apply to the field of sus-
more can be done. One option for expanding this tainable OM in general. Nevertheless, under the head-
impact is to invest in interdisciplinary collaborations, ing of what we would like to see at the time of the
as discussed above. Another is to use environmental- M&SOM’s 40th anniversary, we hope that some of our
and social-impact measurement approaches that are broader suggestions do apply to the broader sustain-
more universal in nature. Much of the research on able OM community.
sustainable OM seeks—explicitly or implicitly, and We believe that M&SOM can continue to support
directly or indirectly—to make improvements in some the growth and impact of environmental and social
environmental and social phenomena, whether it be sustainability research in a number of ways, including
climate change, circular economy, or human rights. special issues, new publication formats, research awards,
Each of these phenomena are associated with (often and facilitated outreach to other disciplines. Research
multiple) academic disciplines that study them, awards such as the new Responsible Research in OM
whether from the perspective of atmospheric science, Award of the Manufacturing and Service Operations
 Atasu et al.: Sustainable Operations Management Through the Perspective of M&SOM
154 Manufacturing & Service Operations Management, 2020, vol. 22, no. 1, pp. 146–157, © 2019 INFORMS

Management Society, whose underlying principles in- next Rana Plaza disaster or helping to make farmers
volve multidisciplinary and impactful research, will help better off while avoiding deforestation may have much
move our society in this direction. Special issues com- broader appeal and may catalyze broader interest in
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missioned since 2017 include those on smart-city oper- the relevance and impact of the operations manage-
ations; people-centric operations; the sharing economy ment discipline.
and innovative marketplaces; responsible operations
and supply chain management; and responsible research Acknowledgments
in operations management. Such research awards and The authors thank Editor-in-Chief Chris Tang for commis-
special issues can lead to opportunities for intersec- sioning this special issue and inviting reflections on the
tional research that studies sustainability from new angles trajectory of sustainable operations research in M&SOM.
and that has an impact beyond our own discipline. The addition of the Innovative Operations department to
We close by noting that, as society in general and the journal under his leadership, with an explicit focus on
business students in particular become more inter- sustainability and emerging economies, has undoubtedly
supported the growth of this area in both the number and
ested in environmental and social issues, their at-
diversity of submissions. The authors also acknowledge
tention will inevitably be drawn to firms’ operations.
former Editor-in-Chief Stephen C. Graves for commissioning
As the OM community, we have an opportunity to do
the first special issue on the environment (published in 2013),
research that many others are excited about, if we which established M&SOM as a clear outlet for sustainable
choose to work on the right problems and conduct this operations research. The authors gratefully remember two pi-
research in a way that broader audiences care about oneers of research in sustainable operations management,
and understand. Other traditional research areas within Paul R. Kleindorfer and Jo van Nunen, who inspired many
OM (e.g., inventory management, supply chains, rev- operations management researchers to push the boundaries
enue management, and capacity planning) are also very of mainstream operations management research by taking
important, but they may be less likely to excite non-OM on environmental-impact considerations with relevance to
audiences to the same degree. Helping to prevent the practice.

Appendix

Table A.1. Sustainable Operations Management Articles Published in Manufacturing & Service Operations Management
Between 1998 and 2018

Category Articles

Closed-loop supply chain Guide et al. (2003), Demeester et al. (2004), Ray et al. (2005), Ferguson et al. (2006), Shulman et al. (2009),
Zhou et al. (2011), Subramanian and Subramanyam (2012), Demeester et al. (2013), Pinçe et al. (2016),
Calmon and Graves (2017), Zhang and Zhang (2018)
Low-carbon economy Kroes et al. (2012), Plambeck and Taylor (2013), Wang et al. (2013), Caro et al. (2013), Jira and Toffel
(2013), Wu and Kapuscinski (2013), Hu et al. (2015), Al-Gwaiz et al. (2016), Sunar and Plambeck (2016),
Aflaki and Netessine (2017), Drake (2018)
Environmental management and Corbett (2006), Corbett and Klassen (2006), Dawande et al. (2013), Drake and Spinler (2013),
performance Muthulingam et al. (2013), Mani and Muthulingam (2019), Lo et al. (2018), Fu et al. (2019), Murali et al.
(2019)
Innovation Lee (2012), Ata et al. (2012), Agrawal and Ülkü (2012), Girotra and Netessine (2013), Plambeck (2013),
Lim et al. (2015), Bellos et al. (2017), Agrawal et al. (2019), Örsdemir et al. (2019), Qi et al. (2018)
Social responsibility Privett and Erhun (2011), Kraft et al. (2013), Plambeck and Taylor (2016), Yu et al. (2018), Chu et al. (2018),
Kraft et al. (2018), Caro et al. (2018), de Zegher et al. (2019), Liao et al. (2019), Liu et al. (2019), Uppari
et al. (2019)
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Manufacturing & Service Operations Management, 2020, vol. 22, no. 1, pp. 146–157, © 2019 INFORMS 155

Table A.2. Web of Science Citation Analysis Fields and Aggregation

Aggregate field Subfield (citations)

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Business (non-OM) Business (143), business finance (12), ethics (9), law (1), management (485), psychology applied (2), social issues (3)
Economics Agricultural economics policy (1), agronomy (2), economics (53), health policy services (1), planning development
(3), public administration (1), urban studies (1)
Environmental research Energy fuels (15), engineering environmental (120), environmental sciences (176), environmental studies (82), green
sustainable science technology (160), public environmental occupational health (2), water resources (2)
OM/OR Engineering industrial (247), operations research management science (601)
Other Area studies (1), communication (3), education educational research (3), emergency medicine (1), hospitality leisure
sport tourism (2), logic (1)
Science/engineering Automation control systems (30), biotechnology applied microbiology (2), computer science artificial intelligence
(14), computer science cybernetics (9), computer science hardware architecture (3), computer science information
systems (25), computer science interdisciplinary applications (35), computer science software engineering (6),
computer science theory methods (26), construction building technology (1), engineering biomedical (1),
engineering chemical (2), engineering civil (20), engineering electrical electronic (26), engineering manufacturing
(267), engineering mechanical (21), engineering multidisciplinary (28), food science technology (2), geography
(1), geoscience multidisciplinary (2), healthcare sciences services (1), information science library science (6),
materials science multidisciplinary (7), materials science textiles (1), mathematics (2), mathematics applied (6),
mathematics interdisciplinary applications (23), mechanics (5), meteorology atmospheric science (4),
multidisciplinary sciences (7), nanoscience nanotechnology (1), robotics (4), social sciences interdisciplinary (1),
social sciences mathematical methods (5), sociology (1), social work (1), telecommunications (4), thermodynamics
(3), transportation (27), transportation science technology (26)

Endnotes Bastani H, de Zegher JF (2019) Do policies with limited enforcement

1
This classification is neither mutually exclusive nor absolute, but reduce harm? Evidence from transshipment bans. Working
this broad-strokes approach helps us make some equally broad-strokes paper, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.
observations about the past and future of sustainable OM research in Bellos I, Ferguson M, Toktay LB (2017) The car sharing economy:
M&SOM. Interaction of business model choice and product line design.
2
Manufacturing Service Oper. Management 19(2):185–201.
Certain data and graphics included herein are derived from Clar- Blass V, Corbett CJ (2018) Same supply chain, different models: In-
ivate Analytics Web of Science Core Collection. © Copyright Clarivate tegrating perspectives from life cycle assessment and supply
Analytics 2019. All rights reserved. chain management. J. Indust. Ecology 22(1):18–30.
3
For example, the Journal of Industrial Ecology and the Journal of Cleaner Bouchery Y, Corbett CJ, Fransoo JC, Tan T, eds. (2017) Sustainable
Production fall into the “engineering industrial,” “environmental Supply Chains: A Research-Based Textbook on Operations and Strategy,
sciences,” and “green sustainable science technology” clusters, which Springer Series in Supply Chain Management, vol. 4 (Springer,
are then categorized as environmental research. For another example, Berlin).
the Journal of Environmental Economics and Management belongs to the Calmon AP, Graves SC (2017) Inventory management in a consumer
“business” category (later classified under the business-non-OM/OR electronics closed-loop supply chain. Manufacturing Service
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