MS. SAMANTHA MAE M.
LEGASPI
C. Determine the
B. Differentiate
A. Define hypothesis,
independent, independent,
hypothesis and dependent and dependent,
variable; controlled controlled variables
variables; and in a problem.
Independent Variable – also
known as MANIPULATED VARIABLE.
• The factors or conditions that can be
change in an experiment.
• The cause of the change in another
variable in an experiment.
Experiments need a series
of test verify hypothesis is
correct or not.
• Must be repeated several times to
make sure that the first result is not just
an accident.
Data is the information collected
to help answering question and
verifying hypothesis
• QUALITATIVE DATA
• QUANTITATIVE DATA
Qualitative data – is pertaining to quality.
It is the data wherein it describes the
qualities or characteristics.
Examples:
• The leaves are green.
• The solution turned cloudy.
• The metal felt hot to touch.
• The candle produced a sweet smell.
Qualitative data – is pertaining to quantity.
It is the data wherein it can be measured
or counted, expressed in NUMBERS.
Examples:
• The plant grew 10 cm tall.
• The water boiled at 100°C.
• There are 5 apples in the basket.
• The experiment lasted 30 minutes.
Variables are measurable
characteristics, factors or
parameters that can be modified or
changed in an experiment.
• Independent variable
• Dependent variable
• Controlled variable
You want to know the effect of
different type of soil to the height
of the plant.
• Type of soil
• Height of plant
You want to know the effect of
different type of soil to the height
of the plant.
• Type of soil (INDEPENDENT )
• Height of plant
Dependent Variable – also known
as RESPONDING VARIABLE.
• The factors or conditions that you measure
or observe in an experiment.
• The effect of the change that you made in
the independent variable.
You want to know the effect of
different type of soil to the height
of the plant.
• Type of soil
• Height of plant
You want to know the effect of
different type of soil to the height
of the plant.
• Type of soil
• Height of plant (DEPENDENT)
The things we keep the
same in a test are called
controlled variables.
Type of soil and plant, amount of water and size of the pot
A hypothesis is an educated guess or
prediction about what you think will happen
in an experiment. It is based on
observations.
Hypothesis:
Hypothesis:
If tomato plants are given artificial fertilizer,
then they will produce more fruits than plants
given organic fertilizer.
Ian wants to find out the effect of the amount of food on
the weight of the tilapia fish. One tank of tilapia is the
normal amount of food once a day, a second tank fed
twice a day, and the third tank four times a day. The
weight of the fish in the three tanks were measured after
a six-week study. Ian made sure that type of given to the
fish, and the sizes of the tanks are the same.
• Independent variable: amount of food
• Dependent variable: weight of the tilapia
• Controlled variable: type of food and size of the tank
Christian wants to find out what brand of fertilizer is more effective
in making a corn plant produce more fruits. He decided to design an
experiment. He planted a corn plant in pot A and added Brand A as
a fertilizer. He planted another corn in pot B and added Brand B as
fertilizer. Christian made sure to give each corn plants the same
amount of fertilizer, water and sunlight. He recorded his observation
in a span of three months.
• Independent variable: type of fertilizer
• Dependent variable: no. of fruit that the corn
produce
• Controlled variable: amount of fertilizer and sunlight
A student tests if music helps plants grow
faster.
o Type of music played: Independent
o Height of the plants: Dependent
o Amount of water each plant gets:
Controlled
A scientist checks if different amounts of
sunlight affect the color of flowers.
o Type of flower used: Controlled
o Amount of sunlight: Independent
o Color of flowers: Dependent
A class experiments if hot water dissolves
sugar faster than cold water.
o Time it takes for sugar to dissolve:
Dependent
o Temperature of water: Independent
o Amount of sugar used: Controlled
