Eurocode 3 Steel Design – Part 10 Compression Dr Jawed Qureshi Click here for Video

Members Tutorial [Link]

Eurocode 3 Design of Steel Structures

Part 10 Eurocode 3 Steel Design

series – Compression Members
Tutorial

Dr Jawed Qureshi
YouTube [Link]
Twitter [Link]
Instagram [Link]
LinkedIn [Link]

Intentionally left blank

Eurocode 3 Steel Design – Part 10 Compression Members

Dr Jawed Qureshi Slide - 2
Tutorial

Subscribe to YouTube channel

[Link] 1
Eurocode 3 Steel Design – Part 10 Compression Dr Jawed Qureshi Click here for Video
Members Tutorial [Link]

Example 1
Simply supported column

Eurocode 3 Steel Design – Part 10 Compression Members

Dr Jawed Qureshi Slide - 3
Tutorial

Design Example
Example 1: Simply supported column
NEd
A compression member AB of grade S235 is
y z
simply supported about the major and minor
principal axes at each end (i.e. Lcr,y = Lcr,z =
z A
6.0 m), as shown in Figure 1. Check the y
adequacy of the member if the steel section
is 457  191  89 UKB for a factored design 6 m
axial compression load NEd of 550 kN.
b y z
B
tf
r
z y
c = cw

NEd
h

tw

tf Figure 1: Compression
c = cf member AB
Eurocode 3 Steel Design – Part 10 Compression
Dr Jawed Qureshi Slide - 4
Members Tutorial

Subscribe to YouTube channel

[Link] 2
Eurocode 3 Steel Design – Part 10 Compression Dr Jawed Qureshi Click here for Video
Members Tutorial [Link]

Design Example
Example 1: Simply supported column
Solution: Properties of member 457 x 191 x 89 UKB

Dimensions and properties:

Depth of cross-section h = 463.4 mm
Width of cross-section b = 191.9 mm
Depth of straight portion of web d = 407.6 mm
Web thickness tw = 10.5 mm
Flange thickness tf = 17.7 mm
Radius of root fillet r = 10.2 mm
Second moment of area/zz Iz = 2089 cm4
Minor-axis (z-z) radius of gyration iz = 4.29 cm
Cross-sectional area A = 114 cm2

Modulus of elasticity E = 210000 N/mm2 3.2.6(1)

Eurocode 3 Steel Design – Part 10 Compression

Dr Jawed Qureshi Slide - 5
Members Tutorial

Design Example
Example 1: Simply supported column
Solution:
Assessment
• Same displacement boundary conditions for flexure
about y-y (major) and z-z (minor) principal axes.
• Because Lcr = Lcr,y = Lcr,z buckling failure for flexure
about the ‘weaker’ minor axis will govern design.

Eurocode 3 Steel Design – Part 10 Compression

Dr Jawed Qureshi Slide - 6
Members Tutorial

Subscribe to YouTube channel

[Link] 3
Eurocode 3 Steel Design – Part 10 Compression Dr Jawed Qureshi Click here for Video
Members Tutorial [Link]

Design Example
Example 1: Simply supported column
Solution:
The solution will consist of three major steps:
1. Classify the section
2. Check resistance of cross section
3. Check buckling resistance

Eurocode 3 Steel Design – Part 10 Compression

Dr Jawed Qureshi Slide - 7
Members Tutorial

Example 1: Simply supported column

1. Classify the section

Determine ε from Table 5.2

235 235
= = =1
fy 235

Outstand flanges: Flanges under pure

compression cf
b − tw − 2r
cf = tf
2
191.9 − 10.5 − 2  10.2
cf = = 80.5 mm
2
Eurocode 3 Steel Design – Part 10 Compression
Dr Jawed Qureshi Slide - 8
Members Tutorial

Subscribe to YouTube channel

[Link] 4
Eurocode 3 Steel Design – Part 10 Compression Dr Jawed Qureshi Click here for Video
Members Tutorial [Link]

Example 1: Simply supported column

1. Classify the section
c f 80.5 cf
= = 4.55   9 [= 9]
t f 17.7 tf

 Flanges are Class 1

Internal Compression part: web in pure

compression
Width cw is section dimension d = 407.6 mm

c w 407.6 cw cw
= = 38.8   42 [= 42]
tw 10.5 tw
tw

 Web is Class 3
Eurocode 3 Steel Design – Part 10 Compression
Dr Jawed Qureshi Slide - 9
Members Tutorial

Example 1: Simply supported column

1. Classify the section

• Flanges are Class 1 and Web is Class 3

• Class of the section is the highest class

• Section 459 x 191 x 89 UKB, S235 is Class 3.

Eurocode 3 Steel Design – Part 10 Compression

Dr Jawed Qureshi Slide - 10
Members Tutorial

10

Subscribe to YouTube channel

[Link] 5
Eurocode 3 Steel Design – Part 10 Compression Dr Jawed Qureshi Click here for Video
Members Tutorial [Link]

2. Check Cross-section Resistance, Nc,Rd

6.2.4 Compression
(1) The design value of the compression force NEd at each cross-section
NEd
 1.0
should satisfy: Nc,Rd (6.9)

Given that the section is Class 3, we determine Nc,Rd using Equ. (6.10)

Afy 114  102  235 = 2679 kN

N c,Rd = =
 M0 1.0

NEd 550 Cross-section resistance is okay.

= = 0.205
Nc,Rd 2679

Eurocode 3 Steel Design – Part 10 Compression

Dr Jawed Qureshi Slide - 11
Members Tutorial

11

2. Check Design Buckling Resistance, Nb,Rd

Step 1: Determine z (for buckling about minor (z-z) axis):

Lcr,z 1 6000 1
z = =
42.9 93.9  1
= 1.49 > 0.2 (member check is required)
i z 93.9

Step 2: Determine cz:


For rolled sections we use  = 0.5 1 + a ( − 0.2 ) + 
2

Where the imperfection factor a depends on the (geometric) ratio h/b.

h 463.4
For 457 x 191 x 89 UKB we have = = 2.42.
b 191.9

Eurocode 3 Steel Design – Part 10 Compression

Dr Jawed Qureshi Slide - 12
Members Tutorial

12

Subscribe to YouTube channel

[Link] 6
Eurocode 3 Steel Design – Part 10 Compression Dr Jawed Qureshi Click here for Video
Members Tutorial [Link]

2. Check Design Buckling Resistance, Nb,Rd

• Using Table 6.2*
for h/b > 1.2 and tf  40 mm, the buckling curve is b.

Table 6.2: Selection of buckling curve for a cross-section

Eurocode 3 Steel Design – Part 10 Compression

Dr Jawed Qureshi Slide - 13
Members Tutorial

13

2. Check Design Buckling Resistance, Nb,Rd

• With buckling curve b, a = 0.34 from Table 6.1.

Table 6.1: Imperfection factors for buckling curves


 = 0.5 1 + a ( − 0.2) +  2 

 z = 0.5 1 + 0.34 (1.489 − 0.2) + 1.489 = 1.828
2

Reduction factor for flexural buckling is given by

1 1
cz = = = 0.346
z +  z2 −z2 1.828 + 1.828 2 − 1.4892

Eurocode 3 Steel Design – Part 10 Compression

Dr Jawed Qureshi Slide - 14
Members Tutorial

14

Subscribe to YouTube channel

[Link] 7
Eurocode 3 Steel Design – Part 10 Compression Dr Jawed Qureshi Click here for Video
Members Tutorial [Link]

2. Check Design Buckling Resistance, Nb,Rd

Step 3: Calculation of Nb,Rd (M1 = 1.0):

c z Afy 0.346  11400  235

Nb,Rd = = = 927 kN
 M1 1.0

NEd 550
Check = = 0.59 < 1.0,
Nb,Rd 927
The section is acceptable for column AB
.
But 927 kN is nearly twice 550 kN – is not section too big?

Eurocode 3 Steel Design – Part 10 Compression

Dr Jawed Qureshi Slide - 15
Members Tutorial

15

Conclusions – Column design

• A stocky member fails by crushing/yielding and
can achieve full plastic resistance.
• A slender section fails by buckling.
• Columns with medium slenderness fail by inelastic
buckling
• Slender columns fail by elastic buckling.
• EC3 suggests a reduction factor to account for
buckling.

Eurocode 3 Steel Design – Part 10 Compression

Dr Jawed Qureshi Slide - 16
Members Tutorial

16

Subscribe to YouTube channel

[Link] 8
Eurocode 3 Steel Design – Part 10 Compression Dr Jawed Qureshi Click here for Video
Members Tutorial [Link]

Practice Problem 1
1. The column shown in Figure 2 is a simply
supported pin-ended column of 4 m height.
It is subjected to a factored design axial y z
compression load NEd of 200 kN. The
column is the 152 × 152 × 30 UKC of grade z y
S235. Check the adequacy of the column in
terms of section resistance and member 4m Column
resistance. The section is Class 1.
y z

z y

Figure 2

Eurocode 3 Steel Design – Part 10 Compression

Dr Jawed Qureshi Slide - 17
Members Tutorial

17

Practice problem 2 and 3

2. A 203  203  46 UKC in S275 steel is used as a column of length 5 m in a
frame of simple construction. Determine using Clause 6.3.1 of EC3 (Extracts
from EC3) the design buckling resistance Nb,Rd given that:
• there are no end moments.
• the end restraints (in the plane under consideration) are effectively held
in position at both ends & partially restrained in direction at both `ends.
(Ans: Nb,Rd,z = 916 kN)

3. A circular hollow section (CHS) member is to be used as an internal column

in a multi-storey building. The column has pinned boundary conditions at
each end and the inter-storey height is 4 m. The axial force due to the effect
of actions is NEd = 1630 kN. Assess the suitability of a hot-rolled 244.5  19
CHS in grade S275 steel for this column application. Section properties for
this hot-rolled Class 1 section are: diameter d = 244.5 mm, wall thickness t =
10.0 mm, Wel,y = 425 cm3 and Wpl,y = 550 cm3. (Hints: Determine Second
Moment of Area for CHS, Ans: Buckling resistance Nb,Rd is acceptable.)

Eurocode 3 Steel Design – Part 10 Compression

Dr Jawed Qureshi Slide - 18
Members Tutorial

18

Subscribe to YouTube channel

[Link] 9
Eurocode 3 Steel Design – Part 10 Compression Dr Jawed Qureshi Click here for Video
Members Tutorial [Link]

Example 2
Column in a multi-storey building

Eurocode 3 Steel Design – Part 10 Compression Members

Dr Jawed Qureshi Slide - 19
Tutorial

19

Intentionally left blank

Eurocode 3 Steel Design – Part 10 Compression Members

Dr Jawed Qureshi Slide - 20
Tutorial

20

Subscribe to YouTube channel

[Link] 10
Example 2 – Column in a multi-storey building

SECTION B – Use a separate answer book and write “Section B” on the cover

Question 6
The structural layout of a four storey building located in Ilford, Essex is shown in Figure Q6.
The framing uses simple construction with bracing to resist lateral loads. The floor slab consists
of precast floor units with a self-weight of 3 kN/m2. The other permanent actions include self-
weight of ceiling and services as 0.5 kN/m2. The variable actions comprises imposed floor load
for offices as 2.5 kN/m2 and and moveable partitions as 0.5 kN/m2. The column height at each
storey is 4 m.

Precast floor
units

5m
C
Plan

5m

8m 8m

FIGURE Q6

a) Identify and design the most critical compression member in Figure Q6. [16 marks]

b) Discuss the behaviour of steel columns in simple braced frames. [03 marks]

c) Upon completion of the design the client asks whether the interior column ‘C’ could be
removed to have obstruction free space. Describe the implications this will have on
the original design. [06 marks]

………………………THE END…………………….

Dr Jawed Qureshi Click here for Video [Link] 1

Example 2 Column in a multi-storey building - SOLUTION

MAIN Examination 2021-22 05 of 06

Example 2 Column in a multi-storey building - SOLUTION

MAIN Examination 2021-22 06 of 06